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I G N O R A N C E

Invincible Ignorance

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Invincible ignorance in which man is notable to dispel by such reasonable diligence as is commensurate with the issue of an act and with ones Invincible opportunities. ignorance is

inculpable.
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Reasonable diligence would mean considerable diligence as when important issues are at stake, such as saving another person from
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It is also characterized as antecedent ignorance because it precedes any voluntary act and is not willed by any consent of the will.

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Ignorance is vincible if it could be removed by reasonable diligence but not because of negligence or bad will. It is culpable. It is described as consequent ignorance because it is admitted or willed either directly or indirectly flowing thus as a consequence from a previous decision of the free 4/22/12 will.

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According to the lesser or greater degree of negligence of which one is guilty, ignorance may be simply vincible, if some but sufficient diligence has been used in dispelling the

Principles Apply To Ignorance And Its Imputability: 1.) Invincible ignorance prevents the human act from being voluntary in regard to that which is not known What namely is not known, cannot be voluntary in itself as follows from the definition of the human act; and what is not known with invincible ignorance is not voluntary in its cause either
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and what is not known with invincible ignorance is not voluntary in its cause either

Example if John, a cook should cause the death of some people by unknowingly serving them the spoiled meat or poisonous mushrooms which had been sold to him by careless merchants, he is innocent of this calamity and excused from guilt 4/22/12

2.) Vincible ignorance diminishes voluntariness It does not prevent voluntariness since the ignorance is voluntary in its cause which is provoked by negligence or laziness or even bad will 4/22/12

Example a physician who has seriously neglected his duties or further professional development cannot be excused on the ground of ignorance if he blunders in the performance of his profession
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Nevertheless vincible ignorance usually diminishes voluntariness and guilt, since the imputability of an action essentially depends on the insight a person has of a matter and this insight is deficient in this case

Affected ignorance does not diminish guilt. Ignorance is kept up intentionally so that a person may not be bound by the law and have a greater freedom to commit sin. There is a full consent to the sinful effects which result from ignorance because there is no real effort and no 4/22/12

Simple negligence or laziness do not usually imply a full consent to all possible evil consequences which may come therefrom.

Civil law generally does not regard ignorance of the law or of the penalty as an excusing cause but a reason for a milder penalty.

Ignorance of a fact is also recognized by civil law fully as a 4/22/12 cause excusing from guilt.

The
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