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A Force is a push or a
pull.
Metric Units are
Newtons
English Units are ?
How Big is a
NEWTON ?
QuickTimeª and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Forces
Allforces act through a distance
Some at short distances = contact forces
Some at long distances = long range forces
The Four Forces
GravitationalForces
Electromagnetic Forces
Strong Force
Weak Force
Inertiais the
property that an
object has that
causes it to resist
changes in its
position
First Law
LAW of INERTIA
Inertiais an another
word for MASS.
So the more mass
an object has, the
more inertia it has.
Newton’s First Law of Motion
A body at rest will
remain at rest…..
And A body in
motion will remain
in motion…
Unless………..
DEB – Finish the Sentence
Newton’s First Law of Motion
The University of Nebraska Football team
can demonstrate the first law of motion
called the law of inertia. Check out their
web site.
http://physics.unl.edu/fp_media/inertia.html
Newton 1642-1727
Newton was asked, “Why don’t the planets
stop moving around the sun?”
His reply, “Why should they!”
An object at rest is the same case as an
object at constant velocity. (Only 2 types of
motion
a or no a changing v or constant v
1 LAW Demonstrations
st
Bowling
Ball
Steel ball
A Roll of
Toilet Paper
Embroidery
Hoop
DEB - Which is harder to start moving?
A Truck or a car?
Why??
DEB - Which is harder to stop moving?
A Truck or a car?
Why??
Forces
Forces always have agents(the
immediate cause) such as
kicking the ball, desk holding up the
book, gravity pulling the moon,
pushing the broom, pulling on the rope,
etc.
Next – SOLVING DYNAMICS
PROBLEMS
How to Draw a FREE
BODY DIAGRAM - FBD
a) sketch the situation
b) circle the system
c) identify where the system touches the
environment.
d) replace the object by a dot.
How to Draw a FREE
BODY DIAGRAM - FBD
e) represent each force by a vector with its
head in the direction of the force and
drawn to the correct scale. Note- the tail
of the force vector is always on the
particle, even if the force is a push.
f) label the force including units
N , Ff, Fsp , T, Fthrust , W
A book is at rest on the table. It's just as
unreasonable to expect the book to start
moving. A book in motion(constant velocity)
it is unreasonable to expect it to stop or change
velocity.
If the forces add to zero(no unbalanced force)
then an object in motion will remain in motion
- which means no acceleration.
3 Equivalent Statements
ΣF = 0,
a = 0,
constant velocity.
Misconceptions about
FORCES
1. Throw a ball and the forces of
the hand remain with the ball
2. A force is needed to keep the
ball moving
3. Inertia is a force - velocity is a
force - momentum is a force
4. Air does not exert a force
5. ma is a force
FBD practice
worksheet
DEB
Draw a FBD for a 2 kg book resting on a table.
FBD practice
N = 20 N
BOOK
W = 20 N
FBD practice
W
Newton’s 2nd Law
What will happen if one of the forces in the
FBD is bigger than the others and is not
balanced?
When an unbalanced force acts on an object,
it will accelerate in the direction of the force.
∑F = ma
Newton’s 2nd Law
What will happen if
one of the forces in
the FBD is bigger
than the others and is
not balanced?
When an unbalanced
force acts on an
object, it will
accelerate in the
direction of the force.
∑F = ma
DEB – What is the relationship
between the Force and the Acceleration
if the Mass remains constant?
DEB – If the force doubles, what
happens to the acceleration?
DEB – Sketch the graph of F vs a
Throw a ball up
DEB – Which
direction is the
net F, a, v ? TIFF
QuickTimeª and a
are (Uncompressed) decom
needed to see this pict
Throw a ball
down
QuickTimeª
TIFF and a
(Uncompressed)
DEB – Which are needed to see th
direction is the
net F, a, v ?
DEB – What is the relationship
between the Mass and the acceleration,
if F remains constant?
DEB – If the Mass doubles, what
happens to the acceleration?
DEB – Sketch the graph of M vs a
DEB – What is the relationship
between the Force and the acceleration,
if mass remains constant?
DEB – If the Force doubles, what
happens to the acceleration?
DEB – Sketch the graph of F vs a
What does the slope represent?
Double the Force, Double the acceleration
Double the Mass, Half the acceleration