INTERNATIONAL CHAMBER OFCOMMERCE (ICC)

o The INTERNATIONA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE is the

largest, most representative business organization in the World.

o Hundreds of thousands of member companies in over 130

countries.
o

The World network of National Committees . International Secretariat in Paris. Main function is to inform about the National and International priorities.
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o Extensive consultation of its global membership lends ICC special

authority and legitimacy to its views.

o More than 2000 experts from the member companies feed their

knowledge and experience for crafting the ICC stance on specific business issues.
o The United Nations, the World Trade Organization, and many

other intergovernmental organization bodies (International and Regional) are kept in touch with the views of international business through ICC.

HISTORY
Founded in 1919.

Main objectives:

By
Promoting trade and investment, Open market for goods and services and The free flow of capital.

The First Chairman was Etienne Clementel.

GOVERNING BODIES
World Council.

ICCs supreme governing body is World Council, consisting of representative of national committee. The World Council elects ICC highest officers, including the Chairman and Vice-Chairman, each of two serves a two-year term. The Chairman, Vice Chairman and the Honorary Chairman (the immediate past Chairman) provide the organization with high-level World leadership.

Executive Board. Strategic direction for ICC is provided by its Executive Board, consisting of up to 30 business leaders and ex-officio members. It is elected by the World Council on the recommendation of the Chairmanship. Meeting three times a year, the executive Board oversees the establishment of ICCs strategy priorities and the implementation of its policies.
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International Secretariat: the ICC International Secretariat, based in Paris, is the operational arm of ICC. It develops and carries out ICCs work programme, feeding business views into intergovernmental organizations on issues that directly affect business operations. The international Secretariat is led Secretary General, who is appointed by World Council.
National Committee: In 90 of the Worlds nation, member have established formal ICC structures called national committees. In countries where there is no national committee, companies and organizations such as chamber of commerce and professional associations can become direct members.
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Finance Committee:
The Finance Committee advises the Executive Board on all financial matters. On behalf of Executive Board, it prepares the budget and regularly reports to the board. It reviews the financial implications of ICC activities and supervises the flow of revenues and expenses of the organization.

 Speaks for World

business whenever government makes decision that crucially effect corporate strategies and bottom line.

Provides business input to the united Nation, World Trade

Organization, and many other intergovernmental bodies, both international and regional.
ICCs advocacy has never been more relevant to the interest of

member companies and business associations in every part of the World.

ICC role is equal vital in forging internationally agreed rules and

standards that companies adopt voluntarily and can be incorporated in binding contract.

HOW IT WORKS
ICC policies, rules and standards are prepared by specialized working bodies. Normally procedures requires policy statements first to be adopted by the commission. In constitution with national committees, and then approved by the Executive Board, before they can be regarded as official public ICC positions. Commission examine major policy issues to interest to World business. Each National Committee(NC) or group may appoint delegate to resent it at meetings. Officers are appointed by the Chairman and Secretary General in consultation with NCs. Meeting of commissions are normally held twice a year. task forces are constituted under various commissions for a limited period to undertake specific project back to their parent commission. Some task forces may include representatives of more than one commission.

In recent decades, the World has grown increasingly independently. To meet the challenges brought on by globalization, ICC helps businesses to format policy position and ensures those positions are heard at the national and international level.

 ANTI CORRUPTION:
The Anti-Corruption Commission encourages self-regulation by enterprises in confronting issues of extortion and bribery and provides business input into international initiatives to fight.

COMMISSION ON ARBITRATION
The Commission On Arbitration aims to create a forum to pool ideas and impact new policy on practical issues relating to international arbitration, the settlement of international business disputes and the legal and procedural aspects of arbitration. The Commission also aims to examine ICC dispute settlement services in view of current developments, including new technologies.

 BANKING TECHNIQUE & PRACTICE:

Uniform rules for documentary credits, collections, bank-to-bank reimbursements and demand guarantees.

COMMERCIAL LAW & PRACTICE:

The Commission on Commercial Law and Practice (CLP) facilitates international trade and promotes a fair and balance self-regulatory and regulatory legal framework for international business-to-business (B2B) transactions.

COMPETITION:
The ICC Commission on Competition contributes World business views to governmental and intergovernmental debates on key issues in competition policy facing the international business community

 CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITIES:
The Commission on business in Society defines the role of business in the context of globalization and changing societal expectations and articulate messages on issues relating to business in society.

CUSTOM & TRADE REGULATIONS:

The Commission work focuses on customs reform and modernization and the implementation of transparent, simplified and harmonized customs policies and procedures.

E-BUSINESS IT & TELECOM:

Business leaders and experts drawn from the ICC membership establish the key business positions, policies and practices on ebusiness, information technologies and telecommunications through the EBITT Commission.

 ECONOMIC POLICIES:
The Economists Advisory Group analyses major international economic issues and advises the ICC Chairmanship.

FINANCIAL SERVICE & INSURANCE:

To break down barriers to international business in financial services and supervisory framework.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY;
The Commission on Intellectual Property contributes World business views to governmental and intergovernmental debates on key intellectual property issues facing the international business community.

TRANSPORTATION & LOGISTICS:

To promote intermodal transport and competitive, efficient transport services World wide.

 MARKETING & ADVERTISING:

To promote high standards of ethics in marketing by business self-regulation through ICC international marketing codes, and to elaborate World business views on government initiatives affecting the marketing and consumer protection.

TRADE INVESTMENT POLICY:

The mandate of Commission on Trade and Investment Policy is to break down barriers to international trade and investment so that all countries can benefit from improved living standards through increased trade and investment flows.

ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY;

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In his report Dr.ZIA KHALEELI, under the heading ICC Pakistan Commission Reports, published in ICC Pakistan annual report 2009, Explains:

COAL

Government of Pakistan has been short sighted in setting up RPPs based on Fuel Oil. He compares the types of fuel used (Furnace oil with Coal) in both RPPs and the thermal units sanctioned under the 2004 policy. The country imports about 80 percent of its oil. It spends $9.5 billion on the import of 10.6 million tons of petroleum products and7.8 million tons of crude oil in the 2008-09 year.
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The Rental Power Plants would increase the power sectors furnace oil needs by 29 per cent, driving up import bill and adding pressure on the repee and currency reserves. This would add US$481 millions to our oil bill. The proposed integrated Energy Plan was designed on the premise that coal will be the next dominant resource in this countrys future energy mix, especially for power generation.

CALCULATION
COMMODITY 1Kilowatt of electricity 1 Ton of furnace oil 1 Ton of Coal = = = BTU 3413 British Thermal Unites (Btu) 18,000 Btu/lb 11,700 Btu/lb CFR PRICE (US$)

250 80

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Quality of equivalent coal required by using per ton of furnace oil is 18,000/11,700 or 1.53ton. Saving in foreign exchange by using coal would be: 250 (80*1.53) or US$ 127 per ton for equivalent energy produced. COMPARATIVE FUEL COSTS: FO v/s COAL A 1000MW PLANT
FO Consumption rate, tons/MWh Annual consumption per 1000 MWh (tons) Cost of Furnace Oil @US$250/ton Cost of Coal @US$80/ton Saving .22 1,927,200 481,800,000 235,889,280 245,910,720

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Europe and USA still use coal as the primary fuel. India and China even operate a major portion of their power plants on imported coal. RENEWABLES Renewable provide energy security and diversity of source of supplier. Pakistan is blessed with abundance of renewable energy potential but so far this has not been harnessed except for large Hydroelectric projects. The Ministry of Water and Power brought the first ever Renewable Energy Policy of Pakistan, in 2006 which envisages mainstreaming of renewable energy in development plants of the country.

Continued ........... Over 100 LOIs were issued by REDB for setting up 50MW wind IPPs but none have reached Financial Close. There have been no LOI issued for Solar World over, Renewable attract a higher tariff than fuel oil, in Pakistan it is other wise. Renewable Energy (Wind) plants are being installed at a growth of 20% per annum in the developing World. In Asia the growth is in India and China where over 2000 MW are installed every year. No major Wind power plant has been set up due to low tariff to the few wind power plants which submitted applications for tariff determination.

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RECOMMENDATIONS To jump start these projects on Coal the Government should provide incentives where the investor jump into the act and open LCs to switch over the coal. Pakistan to stop sanctioning of plants based on Furnace Oil and to implement a Policy to convert oil based plants into coals. This should start with existing fossil fuel fired IPPs. In a shor span of months the cement plants changed their fuel from FO to Coal, the same can be done for existing IPPs.

This could be through coal initially and subsequently local coal once available. Coal imported or local, is substancially cheaper than FO.

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To jump start Renewable Energy government to proactively work with bank to support financially of at least 6power plants. An attractive tariff ( return on equity of 20% excluding carbon credits) is required for Wind and Solar IPPs. At these return Renewable would be cheaper than the RPPs based on FO. the demand for electricity in Pakistan is growing higher than the GDP average rate per annum over the past many years. Pakistan energy sector needs long term sustainable policy. Three most potential energy sources for Pakistan are Coal, Nuclear and Renewable. A well defined mission, a vision strategy and going for Renewable and clean energy option would reduce Pakistans energy environmental and economic problem.

 ACHIVEMENTS DURING 2009.

* Effectively influenced an ITU working group proposals to introduce network externalities premium (Tax on calls between developing and developed countries) by mobilizing many countries to submit reservations. * Significantly improved the representation of global business interests in the development process and draft text of a Council of Europe recommendation. * Represented board business interests and advanced development of cross border data transfer principles and practice tools for the APEC region and advanced business recommendations to improve data protection processes in the EU. * Recognition global business voice in ICANN

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o GOALS 2010.
* Develop focused substantive business products to engage broader range of exports in EBITT work.
* Produce Business tools and information on issues like cloud computing and binding corporate rules. * Provide strong, coordinated global business voice where cross boarder data protection rules and polices are being explored including EU, APEC, Council of Europe, and OECD. * Strengthen boarder business voice in ICANN structure by putting forward substantive exports and maximizing the ICANN June 2010 meeting in Brussels.

Two Special Projects:

BASCAP
(Business Action to Stop Counterfeiting and Piracy)

BASIS
(Business Action to Support the Information Society)

ICC established BASCAP to take a leading role in the fight against counterfeiting and piracy.

The aims of BASCAP are:

* Increase both awareness and understanding of counterfeiting and piracy activities and associated economic and social harms Compel government action and allocation of resources towards improved IPR Create a culture change to ensure intellectual property is respected and protected.

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BASCAP speaks out:

* Harm to the economy, loss of employment prospects.

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* * *

Danger to consumer health and safety.

Loss of innovation and poor quality product. Financial links to organized crime. Erosion of technology transfer.

ICC set up BASIS in mid-2006 to serve as the voice of businesses on internet governance and information and communications technologies (ICTs) issues. BASIS speaks out: * Internet governance matter such as data protection, privacy, security, and the technical management and coordination of the Internet Establish that a multilateral approach is particularly beneficial to that end Document how protectionism works against the public interest by eroding employment, sustainable growth and the market economy. Promote a deeper Understanding by policymakers, media and the Public at the benefit of global trade & investment.

ICC Commercial Crime Service (CCS) provides World business community with a centralized crime-fighting body. It draws on the World wide resources of its members in the fight against commercial crimes. From its base in London and comprising three distinct crimefighting divisions, CSS operates according to two basic precepts: to prevent commercial crime and to investigate and help prosecute commercial crime.

The specialized division of CSS are:

* * * International Maritime Bureau. Financial Investigation Bureau. Counterfeiting Intelligence Bureau.

ICC Research Foundation (ICCRF) was established in 2009 to commission independent research that contributes to public knowledge, education and debate on the benefits of global trade and investment. The research project funded by the ICCRF and conducted by leading international researchers and organizations, contributed to the following aims:
Demonstrate how employment and growth flow from an

expansion of international trade and investment. Establish that a multilateral approach is particularly beneficial to that end. Document how protectionism works against the public interest by eroding employment, sustainable growth and the market economy. Promote a deeper understanding by policymakers, the media and the public at large of the benefits of global trade and investment.

 ICC Publications providing business with essential resources in

three broad categories: ICC rules and guidelines, practical commentaries, and reference works. The content of ICCs publications is derived from the work of ICC commissions, institutions and individual international experts.
ICC publications mainly for international lawyers, arbitrators,

bankers, traders, and students covering topics such as international banking, international trade references and terms, law and arbitration, counterfeiting and fraud and model commercial contracts. Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits and Inco terms, have been translated in to more than 30 languages.
ICC offers its publications not only in the traditional papers

format, but also in electronic format, eBooks.