Malaviya National Institute of Technology,Jaipur

Oil and natural gas corporation ltd. Mehsana

Presented to:Dr. Madhu Agarwal Dept. of Chemical Engineering

Presented by:Gajendra Singh 2008UCH125

Contents

Intro The Organization ONGC Ltd. Group Gathering Station. Oil Exploration Process Heater Treater Central Farm Tank (CFT)-santhal Santhal GCS GCP (gas Compreesion Plant) ETP (Effluent Treatment Plant) EOR Techniques In-situ Combustion Process

Intro The Organization ONGC Ltd.

It is a Navaratna Public Sector Unit. It was set up on 14 August 1956. It is a Fortune Global 500 company ranked 152nd. Indian government holds 74.14% equity stake in this company.

Intro The Organization ONGC Ltd.

Contributes 77% of India's crude oil production and 81% of India's natural gas production. It produces about 30% of India's crude oil requirement. It produced 27 MMT Crude Oil and 26 bcm Natural Gas in 2009-10.

Intro ONGC Ltd. Mehsana

First well was drilled in 1964 Mehsana project was started as an independent project in1967 Mehsana project is well known for heavy oil belt, characterized by high viscosity crude 1500 wells at present. Production is 6200 tones crude oil per day.

OIL PRODUCTION PROCESS

The production of oil is being obtained from three types of wells:
1. 2.

Self Driving. Artificial lift

I. II.

1. Sucker Rod Pumping. 2. Gas Lifting.

Sucker Rod Pumping.

Gas Lifting

Reduction of the fluid density and the column weight Displacement of liquid slugs by large bubbles of gas acting as pistons.

Expansion of the injection gas so that it pushes ahead of oil

Group Gathering Station

HEATER TREATER

Separate Water from oil. Temp. 80-85deg. C Chemical dosing Polar Chem (Demulsifier).

Electrical Section
Water droplet

Dipole

Coalescing

CENTRAL TANK FARM (CTF)SANTHAL

Santhal GCS (Gas Collection Station)

Functions :

To collect natural gas from wells To collect gas from GGS To send gas to GCP. To send compressed gas (CG) to GGS for artificial Gas lifting. To send CG to IFFCO,RIL, etc

Gas Analysis
COMPOUND MOL% Methane(CH4) 87.150 Nitrogen(N2) 0.160 Carbon di oxide(CO2) 1.36

Ethane(C2H6)

5.22

Propane(C3H8)

2.5

Water(H2O)

Hydrogen bi sulfate(H2S)

Carbon monoxide(CO)

Oxygen(O2)

I-butane

1.35

N-butane

0.82

I-pentane

0.36

N-pentane

0.39

Hexane

0.68

Heptane

Octane

Nonane

Santhal GCS flow diagram

Scrubber

Remove particulates and gases from industrial exhaust streams. Inject a dry reagent or slurry into a dirty exhaust stream to scrub out acid gases.
Gas Stream
Hydrated lime and Soda ash

SO2 and HCl removal

GCP(Gas Compression Plant)

Function : To compress gas at high pressure. Suction Pressure : 4 kg/cm2 Discharge Pressure : 40 kg/cm2

Process Flow Diagram Of GCPSanthal

ETP (Effluent Treatment Plant)

Objectives

The main objective of this plant is to collect effluent from various GGS and CTF and to treat that water. Finally the treated water is sent to water injection plant

EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT (ETP)-II (SANTHAL)

Clariflocculator
It consists of Big cylindrical tank with a hollow cylinder inside.

ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY (EOR)

The variety of methods and techniques, which permits the recovery of higher percentage of original oil in place than, would have been possible using only primary recovery method. SELECTION OF EOR TECHNIQUES:

Reservoir size, geometry. Types of reservoir drive. Viscosity of oil at reservoir condition. Depth of oil reservoir.

EOR TECHNIQUES

Steam Stimulated

Steam flooding (including hot water injection) IN-SITU Combustion.

IN-SITU COMBUSTION PROCESS

Continuous injection of air and water The heat is generated within the reservoir (in-situ) by burning a portion of the oil. Improving oil mobility by reduction of the viscosity of the oil Two types of ignition process I. Spontaneous ignition II. Artificial ignition

1. SPONTANEOUS IGNITION

The reservoir temperature must be greater than 180F and the oil sufficiently reactive. The air is simply injected in a centrally located well.

2. ARTIFICIAL IGNITION

When the temp. less than180F. The ignition accessories are lowered along with a thermocouple wire into the sand face Ignition accessories are usually induced using down-hole gas burners, electric heaters Pyrophoric agent(such as linsseed oil)

IN-SITU COMBUSTION PROCESSES

Dry Combustion 2. Wet Combustion

1.

Dry Combustion

In this process, air is first injected into an injection well then, the oil in the formation is ignited.

Wet Combustion

In the dry combustion process, much of the heat generated during burning is stored in the burned sand behind the burning front and is not used for oil displacement. The injected water absorbs heat from the burned zone, vaporizes into steam, passes through the combustion front, and releases the heat as it condenses in the cooler sections of the reservoir Resulting in faster heat movement and oil displacement.

Chemical Reactions Associated with In-Situ Combustion

1. low temperature oxidation (LTO)Temp. below 400 deg. F . 2. High temperature oxidation (HTO)above 650 deg. F 3. The Pyrolysis Reactions.
I. II. III.

Dehydrogenation, Cracking and Condensation of aromatic compounds (benzene and other ring compounds)

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