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CCNA 1 Chapter 4, Part 2

Cabling LANs and WANs

By
Your Name

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Objectives

• Cabling the LANs


• Cabling the WANs

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LAN Physical Layer
• Each media has advantages and
disadvantages. Some of the advantage or
disadvantage comparisons concern the
following:
– Cable length
– Cost
– Ease of installation
– Susceptibility to interference

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Ethernet in the Campus
• Ethernet technologies can be used in a
campus network in several different ways:

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Ethernet Media and Connector
Requirements
• The cables and connector specifications used
to support Ethernet implementations are
derived from the Electronic Industries
Association and the Telecommunications
Industry Association (EIA/TIA) standards
body.
• The categories of cabling defined for Ethernet
are derived from the EIA/TIA-568 (SP-2840)
Commercial Building Telecommunications
Wiring Standards.
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Connection Media
• The RJ-45 connector and jack are the most
common.

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UTP Implementation
• EIA/TIA specifies an
RJ-45 connector for
unshielded twisted-
pair (UTP) cable.
The letters RJ stand
for registered jack,
and the number 45
refers to a specific
wiring sequence.
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Attach the RJ-45

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Straight-Through Cables
• Maintain the pin connection all the way
through the cable.
• Wire connected to pin 1 is the same on both
ends.
• Used to connect such devices as PCs or
routers to other devices such as hubs or
switches.

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Crossover or Rollover Cables
• Cross the critical pair to properly align,
transmit, and receive signals on devices with
like connections.
• Pin 1 connected to pin 3, pin 2 connected to
pin 6.
• Used to connect similar devices: switch to
switch, switch to hub, hub to hub, router to
router, PC to PC.

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Repeaters: Layer 1

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Repeaters

A repeater solves the problem of too many nodes and


not enough cable; cleans, amplifies, and resends a
signal that is weakened by long cable length.

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Hubs: Layer 1

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Hubs

• Regenerate and
repeat signals
• Used as network
concentration
points
• Multiport repeater

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Hubs

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Wireless Communication
• Wireless networks use radio frequency (RF),
laser, infrared (IR), or satellite/microwaves to
carry signals from one computer to another
without a permanent cable connection.

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Bridges: Layer 2

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Bridges
Bridges filter traffic by
looking at MAC
addresses.

Designed to create two or more LAN segments, each of


which is a separate collision domain
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Switches: Layer 2

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LAN Switches

Combine the
connectivity of a
hub with the traffic
regulation of a
bridge on each
port

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Switches

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Switches

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Host Connectivity

• When selecting a NIC, consider the


following:
– Network architecture
– Operating system
– Media type
– Data transfer speed
– Available bus types

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NICs

• Bus architectures
• ISA (Industry Standard Architecture)
• EISA (Extended ISA)
• PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect)
• MCA (Micro Channel Architecture)
• PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory
Card International Association)

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NICs in the OSI Model

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Peer-to-Peer Networks
• In a peer-to-peer network, networked
computers act as equal partners, or peers.
• In a peer-to-peer network, individual users
control their own resources.
• The users may decide to share certain files
with other users.
• The users may also require passwords before
allowing others to access their resources.

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Client/Server
• In a client/server arrangement, network
services are located on a dedicated computer
called a server. The server responds to the
requests of clients.
• The client/server model of networking can be
used to overcome the limitations of the peer-
to-peer network.

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Cabling the WANs

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WAN Physical Layer
• The speed of these connections ranges from
2400 bits per second (bps) to T1 service at
1.544 megabits per second (Mbps) and E1
service at 2.048 Mbps.
• ISDN offers dial-on-demand connections or
dial backup services.
• With the increasing demand for residential
broadband high-speed services, Digital
Subscriber Line (DSL) and cable modem
connections are becoming more popular.
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WAN Serial Connections

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Routers and Serial Connections
• Determine whether DTE or
DCE connectors are
required. The DTE is the
endpoint of the user’s device
on the WAN link.
• The DCE is the point where
responsibility for delivering
data passes into the hands
of the service provider.
• When cabling routers for
serial connectivity, the
routers will either have fixed
or modular ports.
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Routers and ISDN BRI Connections

• With ISDN BRI, two


types of interfaces may
be used:
– BRI S/T and BRI U
• A BRI interface with an
integrated NT1 is
labeled BRI U. A BRI
interface without an
integrated NT1 is
labeled BRI S/T.

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Routers and DSL Connections
• The Cisco 827 ADSL router
has one Asymmetric Digital
Subscriber Line (ADSL)
interface.
• To connect an ADSL line to
the ADSL port on a router,
do the following:
1. Connect the phone cable
to the ADSL port on the
router.
2. Connect the other end of
the phone cable to the
phone jack.

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Routers and Cable Connections
• The Cisco uBR905 cable access router
provides high-speed network access on the
cable television system to residential and
small office, home office (SOHO) subscribers.

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Setting Up Console Connections
• The console port allows monitoring and
configuration of a Cisco hub, switch, or router.
• To set up a connection between the terminal and
the Cisco console port, perform two steps.
1. Connect the devices using a rollover cable from the
console port, on the router, to the serial port, on the
terminal (workstation).
2. Configure the terminal emulation application with the
following common equipment (COM) port settings: 9600
bps, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, and no flow control.

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