Trade union movement in india

INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES BACKGROUND

Definition
Trade union is an association either of employees or employers or of independent workers. It is a relatively permanent formation of workers. It is not a temporary or casual combination of workers.

It is formed for securing certain economic, social benefits to members.

Collective strength offers a sort of insurance cover to members to fight against irrational, arbitrary and illegal actions of employers. Members can share their feelings, exchange notes and fight the employer quite effectively whenever he goes off the track.

Introduction
Trade Union Movement in India emerged due to the need

of improved working conditions of the working class in India In India the Trade Union movement is generally divided on political lines. As of 2008, there are 11 Central Trade Union Organisations (CTUO) recognised by the Ministry of Labour.

List of recognised CTUOS

1)All India Central Council of trade union (communist party of india ) (Marxist Leninist) liberation 2)All India Trade Union Congress (Communist Party of India) 3)All India United Trade Union Centre (Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)) 4)Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh (Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh ) 5)Indian National Trade Union Congress (Indian National Congress) 6)Centre of Indian Trade Unions (Communist Party of India (Marxist))

List of recognised CTUOS

7)Hind Mazdoor Sabha (socialists) 8)Labour Progressive Federation (Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam) 9)SEWA 10)Trade Union Coordination Committee (All India Forward Bloc) 11)United Trade Union Congress (Revolutionary Socialist Party) 12)New Trade Union Initiative (Independent from political parties, but left)

HISTORY
History

The first phase (1850 to1900) The second phase (1900 to 1946)
The third phase began with the emergence of independent India (in 1947). The partition of country affected the trade union movement particularly Bengal and Punjab. By 1949, four central trade union organizations were functioning in the country: The All India Trade Union Congress, The Indian National Trade Union Congress, The Hindu Mazdoor Sangh, and The United Trade Union Congress

BACKGROUND
The first commission was appointed in the year 1875, although

the First Factory Act was not passedbefore1881. The Act prohibited the employment of the children under the age of 12 Similar circumstances resulted in the enactment of the factory acts for the jute industry in 1909 and 1911. trade union movement in British India got an impetus when Bombay Mill Hands Association was formed for the first time in India on 24 April 1890. The establishment of ILO in 1919 provided a source of inspiration forthe workers to become politically conscious

BACKGROUND
India`s membership of the same exerted great influence in the

formation of a central organization of workers called `All India Trade Union Congress` (AITUC) in 1920 for the purpose ofconducting and coordinating the activities of the labour organizations. The period from 1924 to 1935 can be considered as the era of revolutionary trade union movement. MN Roy, Muzaffer Ahmed, S.A Dange and Shawkat Osmani led the trade union movements and as a result the political consciousness among industrial workers increased.

OBJECTIVES of the Trade Union Movement

Trade unions are formed to protect and promote the interests of their

members. Their primary function is to protect the interests of workers against discrimination and unfair labor practices. Trade unions are formed to achieve the following objectives: Representation Negotiation Voice in decisions affecting workers Member services Education and training Legal assistance Financial discounts Welfare benefits

Functions Of Trade Unions

1.

Militant Functions To achieve higher wages and better working conditions To raise the status of workers as a part of industry To protect labors against victimization and injustice 2. Fraternal Functions To take up welfare measures for improving the morale of workers To generate self confidence among workers To encourage sincerity and discipline among workers To provide opportunities for promotion and growth To protect women workers against discrimination

Reasons For Joining Trade Unions

1. Greater Bargaining Power 2. Minimize Discrimination 3. Sense of Security 4. Sense of Participation 5. Sense of Belongingness 6. Platform for self expression 7. Betterment of relationships

Union Problems

Trade union leadership Multiple unions Union rivalry Finance Other problems illiteracy Uneven growth Low membership Heterogeneous nature of labour Lack of interest Absence of paid office bearers

CURRENT IMPACT OF TRADE UNION IN INDIA