Active Monitoring and Alerting for Hypotonia of the Jaw

Shabab Mustafa and Jason Strack Group 31

Outline

Problem & Solution List of parts Design Testing Future work

Problem

Solution

Jaw open for extended periods of time Who suffers?

Stroke victims Downs syndrome

Effects
Drooling Embarrassing

Create a device to monitor the jaw position Alert the user when needed Close the jaw automatically

Our Device
Accelerometer placement

Base device placement

Circuit Block Diagram

Circuit Diagram (Eagle)

Batteries
Two LiFePO4
2.4Wh each
3.2V 750mAh

Rechargeable Fairly safe

Non-toxic Virtually incombustible

No memory effect Expect 3 days of continued use

Accelerometers
Two MMA7341Ls
Comes with circuit board Three axes
Only using two axes each We operate at 3.53V

2.23.6V operating voltage 1.65mW power consumption Sensitive to 3 or 11g

We use 3g Better sensitivity One is stationary reference One moves with jaw Added silicone rubber

Mounts to jaw and temple

Microcontroller
MSP430G2231
1.8-3.6V operating voltage
Operating at 3.56V

0.66mW power consumption 8 ADC inputs

Using 4 from accelerometer signals

Emits 0.5 second output

Regulators
7805 UA78M33KC

VIN = 5.5V to 20V VOUT = 5V IOUT = 1A

VIN = 5.3V to 25V VOUT = 3.3V IOUT = 500mA

Transistor as a Switch
2N2222A

NPN 400mW VCE,max = 10V BVEB0,max = 6V Microcontroller to Timer

555-timer and Op-Amps

LM555 LF347
Better than LM374 Quad op-amp 570mW VCC = 18V Noise-cancelling and clipping

Timer IC 5V Operation Pmax = 1180mW Signals for both audio and electric stimulation

Output and Casing

Board-mounted 3.5-mm jack and 3.5-mm headphones (32 Imp.) Electrodes Black box
Discrete Hip-mounted Easily accessible front-panel

Building an Oscillator
Initially built an AC oscillator
Periodic charging/discharging of capacitors

Needed DC, square wave

TENS Unit

Chose 555-timer

AC Oscillator Output

555 Monostable Timer (1)

555 Monostable Timer (2)

1s interval 5s interval

555 Astable Timer (Stage 1)

555 Astable Timer (Stage 2)

555 Astable Timer (Stage 3)

555 Astable Timer (Stage 4)

Programming

Determining Jaw Open

ADC converts 0V to max voltage (3.53V) to values from 0-1023
Accelerometer range is only 238

Change in angle must be calculated

init_accel[i] and accel[i] get digital acceleration readings diff[i] = init_accel[i] accel[i] i = 0 is accelerometer 1s x-axis, 1 is Y1 axis, 2 is X2 axis, 3 is Y2 axis angle = arcsin( ((diff[3]/((1-diff[2])/119)) (diff[1] /((1-diff[0])/119)) )/119 )

Microcontroller lacks necessary flash memory for math.h

However arcsin(x) can be approximated as x + x3/6 + 3x5/40 + 5x7/112

Only accept 60 change in x1-axis

if( (diff[0] > 103) || (diff[0] < -103) ) declare jaw closed

if( angle > 0.524 || angle < -0.524) angle > 30 jaw is open

Timing Microcontroller Signal

Track time, reset if jaw closed
time = wdtCounter / (float)WDT_FREQUENCY/1000; while ((wdtCounter time) < 3000){ if( jawOpen() = 0 ) time = wdtCounter; }

If closed for 3 seconds send signal

Signal lasts one half second After this resumes checking jaw

Accelerometer Testing
Measured x and y axes
Rotated both axes in circles X-axis voltage 1.15-1.97V Y-axis voltage 1.18-2.00V

Accelerometer 2 not working

Was working before demo Started acting up around demo Not working now, do not have picture

Microcontroller Testing
Insert angle values in code
Check with LED to test microcontroller

Next use actual accelerometers

Again use LEDs to test Move accelerometers in various positions

Future Work
Reserve one channel of 3.5mm jack for electrodes Mount jacks on side panel for easier part replacement
Headphones Accelerometers

Sealing Battery holder Adjustable frequency

Separate timers

Use/manipulate a timer such that low when inactive Circuit protection for electrodes Thinner wire
30 40 AWG

Future Work
Could add two 3-axis magnetic sensors Would measure jaw for all head positions Would add cost and complexity Could use optical distance sensor instead
More simple, but also larger and more power consumption

Test electrical stimulation Control output wave shape with microcontroller

Will reduce needed circuitry, reduce power, give cleaner output

Package everything to fit on ear

Easier to attach and remove device Considerable improvement in being discreet

Questions?