A.

Reading
B. Speaking
C. Listening
D. Writing
E. Language focus
 Pronunciation: /w/ - /j/
 Grammar:

◦ 1.Gerund and present

participle
◦ 2. Perfect gerund and perfect
participle
 EX:
/w/
 We
1/ The wind was wailing.
 West
 Wine
 Wheel
 Wet
 Whale
 Wagon
2/ The wagon went in the wagon-
 Wallet
way and it was controlled by
Wagoner.
 3/ Mr. Want went in the walkway
near the railway.
 Mr. Watch went in the walkway, too;
and Watch had a new wrist-watch.
 Watch wanted Want watched
Watch’s watch.
 But Want went away, which made
Watch sad.
 Had Want seen Watch before Want
went away, Want would have
watched Watch’s watch…
/j/ EX:
 Yes
 Yellow 1/ Hey DJ, Jay wanted to use this.
 Young
2/ I bought yellow
 Years
plastic raincoat
 Use
yesterday.
 York
 Yah 3/ Yoyo yells at Toto because
 Youth he had eaten her yogurt.
3/
 Yoyo studied at University in New York city.
 Yoyo is very young.
 Year after year, Yoyo yacked about his

Scholastic achievements.
 “Yoyo always yelp yelp, huh?”– Yang asked

me.
 “Oh yes”…
I. Gerund and present
A. participle:
Gerund:
1. Definition:
• Gerund is a verbal form that ends in “- ing”, for
example, being, going, giving, …
• Like infinitives, gerunds are often followed by objects,
for example, being a good manager, giving money for
donation, …
 2. How To Use:

Maintaining computer is necessary for

Nouns
you to use (in using computer) for a long
time.

subject or
Use objects of Playing cards is enjoyable.
verbs,
as He enjoys playing guitar.
preposition

after
preposition
or some We admitted being
special members of class 11A.
verbs/
structures
 USING GERUND AFTER VERBS:

admit to depend on
approve of disapprove of
argue about discourage from
believe in dream about
care about feel like
complain about forget about
concentrate on insist on
confess to object to
 USING GERUND IN STRUCTURES:

 Despite being explained many times,

Q.Huy didn't understand the lessons.
 Instead of studying so hard, Q.Huy played
all the time he had.
 Because of loving you, I can do everything
for you.
 Though having eaten, he still felt hungry.

These structures are used when 2 subjects in 2

phrases mention one thing ,one person. You can
reduce the subject follows though and use
gerund for the verb that follows the first subject
3. Practise:

1/ for a career in dance generally

begins at an early age.
A. People train
B. That people train
C. To train
D. Training
Answer is D
2/ Power tools require careful handling
injuries.
A. by avoiding
B. that avoid
C. to avoid
D. avoiding
Answer is C
 3. Practise:

Anwer is A

4./We have got accustom to the noise in this place

since the factory was built.
A. working with
B. work with Anwer is A
C. worked with
D. by working with
Anwer is B
6/.The teacher offers him in studying.
A. that helps
B. helping
C. to be helped
D. that help
Anwer is D
 Anwer is C
8/.Because of exercise everyday, Tom is very strong.
A. do
B. to do
C. doing
D. he does
Anwer is C
Definition:
A participle expressing present action, in
English formed by the infinitive plus -ing
and used to express present action in
relation to the time indicated by the finite
verb in its clause, to form progressive
tenses with the auxiliary be, and to
function as a verbal adjective.
 in Multipart Verbs

Use as Adjectives

Nouns
 A verb can have as many as four parts. When you
form multipart verbs, you use a combination of
auxiliary verbs and participles. Look at the examples
below:

- Our pet alligator ate Mrs. Olsen's poodle.

Ate = simple past tense [no participle].

- With a broom, Mrs. Olsen was beating our

alligator over the head in an attempt to retrieve her
poodle.
Was = auxiliary verb; beating = present
participle.
 Present participles often function as
adjectives that describe nouns. Here are
some examples:
-The crying baby drew a long breath and
sucked in a spider crouching in the corner of
the crib.
-Which baby? The crying baby. Which spider?
The one that was crouching in the corner.
The mangled pair of sunglasses, bruised face,
broken arm, and bleeding knees meant
Genette had taken another spill on her
mountain bike.

Which pair of sunglasses? The mangled pair.

Which face? The bruised one. Which arm? The
broken one. Which knees? The bleeding ones.
 Present participles can function as nouns—the
subjects, direct objects, indirect objects, objects
of prepositions, and subject complements in
sentences. Take a look at these examples:

Sneezing exhausts Steve, who requires eight

tissues and twenty-seven Gesundheits before he
is done.
Sneezing = the subject of the verb
exhausts.

Valerie hates cooking because scraping burnt

gook out of pans always undermines her
enjoyment of the food.
Cooking = the direct object of the verb
hates.
 Form : “Having + past participle (V-
ed/V3
◦ active voice: having + past participle (Having
cooked, he set the table.)
◦ passive voice: having been + past participle
(Having been cooked, the food looked delicious.)
 A perfect gerund/participle is used to
emphasize the completion of the action.
 Usage : can be used to shorten or combine
clauses that have the same subject if …
◦ … one action (the one where the perfect
participle is used) is completed before the
next action starts.
◦ … one action has been going on for a
period of time when another action starts.

Perfect participle
 Example: She bought a bike and cycled
home. – Having bought a bike, she cycled
home.
 Example: He had been living there for such

a long time that he didn't want to move to

another town. – Having lived there for such
a long time, he didn't want to move to
another town.
1. Franklin was warned about drinking and driving . 
It forced him to be much more careful on the
highway. 
→ Having warned about drinking and driving forced
Franklin to be more careful on the highway.
2. We have studied Spanish.  This helped us on our
trip to Barcelona.
→ Having studied Spanish helped us on our trip
to Barcelona.
3. The boy asked his mother's permission and then
went out to play.
→ Having asked his mother's permission, the boy went
out to play.
 B.The Perfect Gerund

In its most frequent usage, the perfect gerund

will appear as the object of a preposition.

Examples:
By having gone through one ordeal, I felt better
about coping with future problems
Without having had any previous experience, he
secured the position over the other applicants
Categori GERUND PRESENT PERFECT PERFECT
es PARTICIP GERUND PARTICIPLE
LE
Form Base V + -ing Base V + Having + V- Having + V-
-ing ed/V3 ed/V3

Function -subjects -Object -Subject -Subject

-direct objects, -Present -Object
indirect objects participle
-objects of a phrase
preposition/ver
b
-appositives
How to -verb that is -used -“For, since” -preposition
identify ? followed by more like -actions that -verb that is
gerund a verb/adj happen followed by
-used as a -reduced before gerund
noun form of a another one
- Go + V-ing clause
1. This athlete denied havingtaken
…….(take) the
banned drugs before being
….. ..(be) called to the
team. (PeG-G)

2. I’m very happy about yourpassing

……. ..(pass) the
exam. (G)

smoking
3. I object to his …………(smoke) in the
class. (G)

4. The man ………living (live) next door to me is a

journalist. (PrP)
She smelt
something
raising
…… (burn)
and saw
smoke burning
……
(rise) (PrP)
Looking
……. (Look) at
him, she smiled
cheerfully. (PrP)

Having practiced
….............. (Practice) intensively, John
feels more confident and be quite sure of
his success. (PeP)
 Nguyễn Ngọc Trúc Lâm
 Huỳnh Thị Anh Thư
 Lại Phan Khánh Trình
 Huỳnh Minh Phúc
 Lê Khánh Hưng
 Hoàng Trung Khánh
THANKS FOR
YOUR
ATTENTION

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