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Use of parallel simulation on distributed memory machine where a system comprises of separate computers interconnected by a communication network. New memory management protocolPruneback protocol i.e. discarding previous states.
MEMORY USAGE
Parallel execution with same amount of memory as that of sequential execution is preferred as it requires minimum memory. This is called memory optimal techniquecompleting the simulation in an amount of memory of the same order as that required for sequential. Memory stall-insuffcient memory leading to the stalling of the overall simulation.Our aim is to delay the onset of a memory stall.
MEMORY OBJECTS State storage-stores the states required by an LP during execution. Input message storage-stores the messages received by an LP. Output message storage-stores the messages sent by an LP.
EGVT
SGVT
GVT
LVT- Local virtual time GVT-Global virtual time. It is the value to be calculated if simulation was stopped.No rollbacks to a simulation time greater than GVT. EGVT- A current estimate for GVT. SGVT- In case of the absence of the EGVT state ,it is the largest time smaller than EGVT called surrogate GVT. Time stamps smaller than SGVT are treated as fossils and are deleted from the storage.
ALGORITHMS THAT ATTEMPT TO USE LESS MEMORY - Reducing the size of states that must be saved i.e. saving only the subset of each state. - Reducing the number of states that must be saved i.e. using checkpoint interval greater than one.
ALGORITHMS THAT ATTEMPT TO REDUCE MEMORY STALL. - Discard one or more objects from the availaible memory in order to obtain some free space required for further simulation.Some of the algorithms area) Memory stall trigger b) Memory recovery target c) Combination of both trigger and target.
Memory recovery targetsThree sets of LPs from which memory targets can be chosen Self target system-to reduce space usage within the LP which has detectedthe memory exhaustion condition. Local target system- LP resident at the same processor as the LP which detected the memory exhaustion takes the action Global target system- any LP takes remedial action.
RESULTS
Artificial rollback resultsmemory decreased