A typical two-hinged arch is shown

in Figure. In the case oI two-hinged

arch, we have Iour unknown
reactions, but there are only three
equations oI equilibrium available.
Hence, the degree oI statical
indeterminacy is one Ior two-
hinged arch.
Figure shows a two-hinged arch hinged only
at the abutments A and B. The vertical
reactions Ra and Rb ,oI the course, may be
determined by taking moments about either
hinge.
The horizontal thrust at each support may be
determined Irom the condition that the
horizontal displacement oI either hinge
with respect to the other is zero.
Let M be the beam moment at any section X.
Actual bending moment at the section is given
by
Mx (M-Hy)
ThereIore, total strain energy stored by the whole arch
is
1` 1s,:ll
(1l;,`1s /2LI
By the Iirst theorem oI castigliano the horizontal end
relative to other is given by oWi/oH.
Since such a relative horizontal displacement oI one
end with respect to the other end is not possible in
two hinged arch.
bi / bH0
bi/bH}2(M-Hy)(-y)ds/2EI
}Myds/2EI-H}yds/2EI0
H}Myds/2EI/}yds/2EI
II the arch is oI uniIorm Ilexural rigidity EI,
onsider an unloaded two-hinged
arch oI span L. hen the arch
undergoes a uniIorm temperature
change oI T , then its span would
increase by u LT iI it were allowed
to expand Ireely (Fig a). u is the co-
eIIicient oI thermal expansion oI the
arch material. Since the arch is
restrained Irom the horizontal
movement, a horizontal Iorce is
induced at the support as the
temperature is increased.
onsidering the end B as a roller end with an external horizontal Iorce H applied at B, the
bending moment at any section is given by
Mx -Hy
Strain energy stored by the arch i } Mxds/2EI
}Hyds/2EI
By the Iirst theorem oI castigliano,
Inward horizontal movement oI B o
o bi/bH
}2H(yds/2EI)
o H }yds/EI
The condition that H may represent the horizontal thrust Ior the two hinged arch subjected to the
rise oI temperature is,
o uTI
H }yds/EI uTI
H uTI/}yds/EI
the arch section is oI uniIorm Ilexural rigidity,
HEI oTI/}yds