Social Work With Individuals

Social Work is the professional activity of helping individuals, groups, or communities to enhance or restore their capacity for social functioning and to create societal conditions favourable to their goals Social functioning refers to the (National Association of Social social roles and responsibilities, Workers, 1973) and the collective survival Enhancing Socialand activities. strategies Functioning involves three major
categories of services such as: Promotional Preventive Remedial or curative Rehabilitative or Restorative

Social Work

may be defined as the art of doing different things for and with different people by cooperating with them to achieve at one and the same time their own and societies betterment. betterment Richmond (1922): Social case work means those processes which develop personality through adjustment consciously affected, affected individual by individual, between individual

Social Work With Individuals work Richmond (1915): Social case

bringing an individual who is in a condition of social disorder into the best possible relation with all parts of his environment. environment Strode (1948): SCW is the process of assisting the individual to the best possible social adjustment through the use of social case study, social resources, and knowledge from related fields of learning. learning Bowers(1949): SCW is an art in which knowledge of the science of human relationships, and skill in relationship relationships

Social Work With Individuals Jarrett (1919): Social case work is the art of

 Hamilton (1956): In social case work the client is stimulated to participate in the study of his situation, to share plans, to make an situation plans active effort to solve his problems, using problems his own resources and whatever community resources are available and appropriate appropriate Hollis (1957): SCW is a method employed by social workers to help individuals find solutions to problems of social adjustment which they are unable to handle in a satisfactory way by their own efforts efforts Perlman (1957):SCW is the process used by

Social Work With Individuals

 Ultimate purpose of Social Case work as a method of social work is to serve the causes of Social Work as the Profession, since all its methods need Profession to function in a unified manner to serve its causes. causes The purposes of Social agencies as the place or setting where the Social Case Work is professionally practiced also must align with the causes of Social Work as a Profession.

Purpose of Social Case Work

The purpose of Social Work is to enhance Social functioning, and Social Case Work is also addressing the same at an individual or micro level. Two major goals of SCW are (Grace Mathew,1991): Rendering help to cope with the problem which the client can not handle by oneself, unaided/with out help. Enhancing the operation of clients ego functions to equip to handle clients life, and problems (help for problem solving).

Purpose of Social Case Work

is to enable the client to enjoy more satisfying, effective and acceptable experiences in the social situation in which the client functions, with some degree of permanency Witmer (1942): To help people to mobilize their capacities for solving their problems for which they sought help from the agency Perlman (1957): To help the client achieve the previous level of

Purpose of Social Case Work Friedlander (1958): The basic purpose

Purpose of Social Case Work

In general Prof. Misra gives the following purposes
To understand and help to solve the intrapersonal (intra-psychic) problems of the individual client To strengthen the clients ego (ego = consciousness of the identity) Remediation of problems in social functioning Prevention of problems in social

Values in the Practice of Social Case Work

A VALUE is a strongly held belief concerning what is truly worthwhile, right or wrong, and the way things are supposed to be. (Sheafor, Horejsi, and Horejsi; 2000) or what is meritorious (Misra, 1994). Social Case work values are rooted in the good practices of Social Work from developed and flourishing civilizations.

The basic values are: Worth and dignity of human beings Capacity of human nature to achieve full human potential Tolerance of differences Right to satisfaction of basic human needs Liberty Self direction Non-judgmental attitude Constructive social co-operation Importance of work and constructive use of leisure Protection of ones existence from dangers caused by man and nature

 Importance of individual = Interdependence of all individuals at all times Consideration for and acceptance of difference = tolerance of variations within a flexible frame Self-determination to select ones own life style = consideration for ones & others needs Self help = obligation to assist others to develop or recover this

Curriculum study of Council of Social Work Education presents following values:

Basic Values .... (continued from previous slide)

Acceptance of every person = no condonation of hurting others Right to equal participation = supporting participation of others Right to protection of body and intellect = obligation not to injure or deprive others Freedom = limits Change process growth = Social direction through accepted norms Validated knowledge = role of intuitive

Principles of Social Case Work

Principle of Individualization Principle of Acceptance Principle of Controlled Emotional Involvement Principle of Purposeful Expression of Feelings Principle of Self-Determination Principle of Non-Judgmental Attitude

Facilitative Qualities of a Professional Social Case worker

Research studies on helping and therapeutic relationships reveal that a positive relationship between the worker and the client is necessary but not at all sufficient condition To be a good facilitator of change in opinions, attitudes, behaviour, etc.; a Social Case Worker must fundamentally possess a caring nature, i.e., a genuine interest and willingness to reach out to his or her clients in need. Planned, Supportive and Purposeful Availability

Facilitative Qualities of a Professional Helper Supportive: Supportive

Empathy Genuineness Respect for the client and his Self-Disclosure

views

Challenge:

Immediacy Confrontation Concreteness / Specificity Self-Actualization

Way of Being: Potency

SELF

Professional Self & Integrity

Ones own conscious

awareness Dimensions of Self:

Physical Dimension Psychological / Personal dimension Social Dimension Spiritual Dimension Occupational Dimension

Types of Self:

 A Professional Relationship is a fundamental requirement and a precondition for effective casework with Individuals or families. Social worker is a Professional person whose actions are emergent from a sound theoretical /

knowledge base, a systematic practice base, a revelatory research base and a formative training base
Social Work profession follows a set of Values and a Code of Ethics to

A guide for every day conduct of social workers A basis to adjudicate ethical issues in the profession Prevents social workers from breaking standards of practice (Quality of Services ). Prescribes standards of professional involvement with
Clients Colleagues Employers Other individuals and professionals

Relevance of the Code of Ethics in the Practice of SCW