Computer and Information Technology for (HKCEE) Core Module

3.1
Denary, Binary and Hexadecimal Numbers
3.2Number System Conversion
3.3Addition and Subtraction
3.4Bit and Byte
3.5Character Coding System
3.6Chinese Character Coding System
 Computer and Information
Technology for (HKCEE)
Core module: Part A

3.1 Denary, Binary and Hexadecimal

Numbers
Binary number system
used directly in the computer
Hexadecimal number system
used by the computer to communicate with
programmers
Denary number system
used by humans

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 Computer and Information
Technology for (HKCEE)
Core module: Part A

3.1 Denary, Binary and Hexadecimal

Numbers

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 Computer and Information
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Core module: Part A

3.2 Numeric System Conversion

From other number systems to denary numbers
Convert number 101112 and 10A16 into denary
numbers.
101112 = 1 × 24 + 1 × 23 + 1 × 22 + 1 × 21 + 1 × 20
= 2310
10A16 = 1 × 162 + 0 × 161 + A × 160
= 26610

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 Computer and Information
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Core module: Part A

3.2 Numeric System Conversion

From a denary number to other number
systems
Divide the denary number by base b until the
quotient < b
Obtain the answer by writing up from the quotient to
the remainders in reverse order

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 Computer and Information
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Core module: Part A

3.2 Numeric System Conversion

From a denary number to other number
systems
Convert 4710 into a binary number.
2 47 …... 1
2 23 …... 1
2 11 …... 1
2 5 …... 1
2 2 …... 0
1
∴ 4710 = 1011112
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 Computer and Information
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Core module: Part A

3.2 Numeric System Conversion

From a denary number to other number
systems
Convert 39710 into a hexadecimal number.
16 397…... D
16 24 …... 8
1

∴ 39710 = 18D16

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 Computer and Information
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Core module: Part A

3.2 Numeric System Conversion

From a binary number to a hexadecimal number
Group the digits of binary number by 4 starting from
R.H.S.
Replace each group of four digits by an equivalent
hexadecimal digit
Convert 11011012 into a hexadecimal number.
Step 1: 110 1101
Step 2: 01102 = 6 11012 = D
∴ 11011012 = 6D16

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 Computer and Information
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Core module: Part A

3.2 Numeric System Conversion

From a hexadecimal number to a binary number
Convert each digit of hexadecimal number to a
group of 4 binary digits
Group all the binary digits according to the
sequence of digits of hexadecimal number

Convert E516 into a binary number.

E16 = 11102 516 = 01012
∴ E516 = 111001012

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 Computer and Information
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Core module: Part A

3.2 Numeric System Conversion

Features of hexadecimal numbers
compact
easily convert to and from binary number

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 Computer and Information
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Core module: Part A

3.3 Addition and Subtraction

Calculate 11012 + 10112 . Calculate CF16 + 3B816 .

111 1 11
1101 CF
+ 1011 + 3B8
1100 0 487

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 Computer and Information
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Core module: Part A

3.3 Addition and Subtraction

Calculate 101002 − 11012 . Calculate 2E716 − FB16 .

1111 1 1
10100 2E7
− 1101 − FB
01 11 1EC
∴ 101002 − 11012 = 1112 ∴ 2E716 − FB16 = 1EC16

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 Computer and Information
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Core module: Part A

3.4 Bit and Byte

Bit
basic unit for storing data on a computer
bit 0: off
bit 1: on
abbreviation: b
Byte
consist of 8 bits
smallest addressable data in the microprocessor
abbreviation: B

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 Computer and Information
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Core module: Part A

3.4 Bit and Byte

Kilobyte (KB)
1KB = 210 B = 1024 B
Megabyte (MB)
1MB = 220 B = 1024 KB
Gigabyte (GB)
1GB = 230 B = 1024 MB
Terabyte (TB)
1TB = 240 B = 1024 GB

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 Computer and Information
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Core module: Part A

3.5 Character Coding Systems

ASCII (American Standard Code for
Information Interchange)
use 7 bits for each character
contain 27 = 128 different characters
contain zone bit and digit bit

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 Computer and Information
Technology for (HKCEE)
Core module: Part A

3.5 Character Coding Systems

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 Computer and Information
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Core module: Part A

3.6 Chinese Character Coding System

Big 5 code
for traditional Chinese characters
GB code
for simplified Chinese characters
Unicode
international standard code
for commonly used characters in the world

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 Computer and Information
Technology for (HKCEE)
Core module: Part A

3.6 Chinese Character Coding System

Big 5 code

GB code

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Computer and Information Technology for (HKCEE) Core Module

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