Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
AND
ONCOLOGY
CELLULAR ELEMENTS
•
THE RED CELLS
Erythropoiesis
• stem cell
proerthroblast basophilic polychromat
ophilic
Plasma
Sites of formation of
hematopoietic cells
Differentiation pathway of
hematopoietic cells
) HEMOGLOBIN ) Hb
Different Hemoglobin Types
Hb type % at birth % After 2 years
Embryonic Embryonic Hb Major embryonic
type may be present Hb are not
at birth in present after 3rd
small month of
percentage. gestation.
Fetal type(α2γ 2) 45-90% 3%
Adult type
A1 (α2β 2) 10-55% 95%
A2 (α δ ) 0-1.5% 1.5-3.5%
Proportions of the various human
hemoglobin polypeptide chains
.through early life
valueHematocrit
IRON DEFICIENCYANEMIA
Iron Metabolism
Spooning of the nails
Atrophic glossitis
HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA
BILIRUBIN
METBOLISM
HEMOGLOBIN
GLOBIN HEME
AMINOACIDS PROTOPORPHYRIN
IRON
HEME OXYGENASE
BILIVERDIN
BILIVIRDIN REDUCTASE
UNCONGUGATED BILIRUBIN
UNCONGUGATED BILIRUBIN
SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC R
CONGUGATED BILIRUBIN
INTESTINE URINE
CONGUGATED BILIRUBIN
OXYDIZED
ENTEROHEPATIC CIRCULATION
STERCOBILIN
]G6PD deficiency[
]G6PD deficiency[
fava beans
SICKLE CELL ANEMIA
INHERITANCE
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
)Bone infarction)head necrosis
THALASSEMIA SYNDROMES
Geographical distribution
MODE OF TRANSMISSION
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF Β-
THALASSEMIA MAJOR
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION OF
Β - THALASSEMIA MAJOR
Target cells
RADIOLOGIC INVESTIGATION
is damaged
a rapid localized
RESPONSE OF
BLOOB CLOT
FORMATION
will occur.
Introduction
adhesion
release
activation
Secondary homeostasis
FIBRIN CLOT
FORMATION
Dr:Mohamed El-shanshory
Factor level activity &severity
type Activity Type of hemorrhage
%
severe <1% Spontaneous;hemarthrosis;
deep tissue hemorrhage
moderate 1 -5% Bleeding following
mild to moderate trauma
mild 5–25% Bleeding following
moderate to severe trauma
High risk 30-50% Gynacologic & obestatric
carrier female hemorrhage
Gene therapy
PURPURAS
Pathogenesis
• ITP is an autoimmune
Bleeding time
THROMBOCYTOPENIA
PURPURIC SPOTS
HENOCH – SCHOENLEIN
PURPURA
BLOOD TRANSFUSION
GROWTH FACTORS
Apharesis
•