Parts of Speech

SLNRS Govt. Sr. Sec. School

Teur (SAS Nagar)
Parts of Speech
Introduction
Language is the best medium of communication
through which we convey or express our ideas
feelings thoughts and emotions to others. A word
is a basic unit in every language. A word is nothing
but a proper combination of letters in the
alphabet. The role of words or group of words in a
language should not be undermined at any cost.
Speech consists of words and word make sentence.
 Words are divided into eight
categories called parts of speech.
2. Noun
3. Pronoun
4. Adjective
5. Verb
6. Adverb
7. Preposition
8. Conjunction
9. Interjection
 Noun:
A noun is a word that refers to a person, place, thing, animal,
event or quality.
Kinds of Noun
• Common Noun: A common noun is a word that is shared by every
thing of same kind.
e.g. Baby, People, House.
• Proper Noun: A proper noun is a name of a particular person,
place, animal or thing. A proper noun is always begins with a
capital letter.
e.g. Ram, Sita, Bombay, March.
• Collective Noun: A collective noun is the name of collection or
number of persons, animals or things of same kind and spoken of
as one whole.
e.g. Class, Army, Bunch.
• Abstract Noun: A Noun that stands for a quality, state of
things or idea that we can think about but can not see or touch
is called an abstract noun.
e.g. Honesty, Beauty, Wisdom.
 Pronoun:
A pronoun is a word that is used in place of a noun.
Kinks of Pronoun
• Personal Pronoun: A personal pronoun is one which is used in
place of the name of a person.
e.g. I, me, we, us you, yours, he, they, them, she, her, him etc.
• Reflective Pronoun: The reflective pronouns are those that
are formed by adding ‘self’ or ‘selves’ to personal pronouns.
e.g. myself, herself.
• Emphatic Pronouns: When reflective pronouns are used to lay
emphasis on a particular point, they are called Emphatic
Pronouns.
e.g. The principal himself declare a holiday.
• Interrogative Pronouns: The pronouns which are used to ask
questions are called Interrogative pronouns.
e.g. who, whose, which etc.
 Pronoun:
• Demonstrative Pronouns: A pronoun that points to a same
noun going before it or same noun that is implied is called
Demonstrative Pronoun.
e.g. this, that, these, those etc.
• Distributive Pronouns: The pronouns which refer to persons
or things one at a time are called Distributive Pronouns.
e.g. each, either and neither. They are always singular and
take singular verb.
• Reciprocal Pronouns: Pronouns that express a mutual or
reciprocal relationship are called reciprocal pronouns.
e.g. Ram and Sita love each other.
• Indefinite Pronouns: Pronoun which refers to a person or
thing in a general way are called indefinite Pronouns.
e.g. one, all, some, many etc.
Adjective:
An adjective is a word which qualifies a noun or pronoun.
In other words an adjective adds something to the
meaning a noun or pronoun.
Kinds of Adjectives
• Adjectives of Quality: These show the kind, quality or
state of a person or thing.
e.g. best, old, interesting.
• Adjectives of Quantity: These adjectives show how much
of a thing is meant.
e.g. whole, all, some.
• Adjectives of Number: These adjectives show how many
persons or things are meant or in what order they stand.
e.g. first, two, five.
• Demonstrative Adjectives: These adjectives point out the
person, place or thing concerned.
e.g. this, that, these.
Adjective:
• Distributive Adjectives: These denote things taken one at
a time.
e.g. each, every, either etc.
• Interrogative Adjectives: These are used with noun to
form questions.
e.g. which, whose, what.
• Possessive Adjective: The words our, my, your, her, his, its
etc. When used attributively before a noun is called
possessive adjectives.
• Exclamatory Adjective: They are used with nouns in
exclamatory sentences.
• Emphasizing Adjective: These lay stress on the particular
objects.
Verbs:
A Verb is a word that is used to describe the action of a
person, animals or thing.
Kinds of Verbs
• Transitive Verbs: A Transitive Verb is one that requires
an object to complete its sense.
e.g. (i) The baby cries.
(ii) The girls play.
• Intransitive Verb: An intransitive verb is one that does
not require an object to complete its sense.
e.g. (i) Simran is a clever girl.
(ii) My brother seems unwell.
Adverbs:
An adverb is a word that modifies the meaning of an
adjective a verb or some other adverb.

Kinds of Adverbs

3. SIMPLE ADVERBS

4. INTERROGATIVE ADVERBS

5. RELATIVE ADVERBS
Adverbs
I. SIMPLE ADVERBS:
• Adverbs of Time: These indicate the time of an action.
They answer the question ‘when’.
e.g. now, tomorrow, soon.
• Adverbs of Place: These indicate where an action is
performed. e.g. here, behind, outside.
• Adverbs of Numbers: These indicate how often an action
is performed. They answer the question ‘how often’ or ‘in
what order’. e.g. often, twice, once.
• Adverbs of Manner, Quality or State: These indicate the
manner of an action. They answer the question ‘how’, or ‘in’
what manner or ‘state’. e.g. jokingly, silently, neatly.
• Adverbs of Quantity, Extent or Degree: These indicate
‘how much’, ‘in what degree’ and ‘to what extent’.
e.g. very, almost, nearly.
• Adverbs of affirmation or Negation: These affirm or deny
something.
Adverbs
I. INTERROGATIVE ADVERBS:

These adverbs are used to ask questions and may actually

belong to the class of adverbs mentioned above.

For Example: when, where, why.

V. RELATIVE ADVERBS:

These are the same in form as the interrogative adverbs

but instead of asking questions they join sentences.
Preposition:
A Preposition which shows relation between a noun or a
pronoun and some other words in as sentence.

For Example: by, to, between, on, behind, under.

Conjunctions:
Conjunctions are joining words. They help us in joining words,
phrases, clauses and even sentences.

For Example: but, and, so, because.

Interjections:
The word which is used to express some sudden feeling or
emotion is called an interjection. It has no grammatical
connection with the remaining sentence.

For Example: Alas! , Oh! , Hurrah!.

Questionnaire
Q1: Write in the space provided the name of the part of
speech to which the underlined word belongs in the
following sentences:
• Seema is a beautiful girl. Adjective
• Alas! His Mother is dead. Interjection
• The Sun sets in the west. Verb
• Delhi is a very big city. Adverb
• Rehim is poor but honest. Conjunction
• Honesty is the best policy. Noun
• The cat is under the table. Preposition
Questionnaire
Q2: Do as directed
• Ram is a good boy.(Noun)
• This is our house.(Pronoun)
• She is my best friend.(Adjective)
• She is eating ice cream.(verb)
• She sings sweetly. (Adverbs)
• My mom is fond of music.(Preposition)
• Our Servant is poor but honest. (Conjunction)
• Bravo! Well done. (Interjections)
Answer:
Q1:
2) Adjective.
3) Interjection.
4) Verb.
5) Adverb.
6) Conjunction.
7) Noun.
8) Preposition.
Answer:
Q2:
2) Noun.
3) Pronoun.
4) Adjective.
5) verb.
6) Adverbs.
7) Preposition.
8) Conjunction.
9) Interjections.
Prepared By:
Teachers
Mrs. Daljit Kaur
(S. S. Mistress)
Mrs. Jaswinder Kaur
(S. S. Mistress)
Students of Class VII-B
Abhishek Kumar
Manpreet Kaur
Kamaljit Kaur
Shikha Garg
Under supervision of:
Satish Kamal
(Teacher Trainer)
SLNRS Govt. Sr. Sec. School
Teur (SAS Nagar)
Punjab