VISUAL AIDS

GROUP MEMBERS Velonie Michael Ricardo Brown Ricardo Hyman Courtney Roberts.

Analyze the Principles underlying the how, why, when, where, what of using Visual Aids.

What is a Visual Aid? Visual Aids are materials that are used in a presentation that enhances the presentation. These should be carefully presented so as not cause distraction.

How to Use Visual Aids

Visual aids should be easy to see.

This may seem obvious, but it is so obvious that Many speakers do not consider this when selecting a visual aid. Think about it from the perspective of the audience. Have you used colors and text in a way that will be easy to read? Is the visual aid large enough? Will everyone in the room be able to see the visual aid?

Visual aids should be easy to understand. People should be able to look quickly at your visual aid and get the point.

Visual aids should demonstrate something.

Visual aids should be explained clearly.

Make sure the audience understands what your visual aid is supposed to be illustrating.

Visual aids should not be distracting.

Visual aids should be appropriate.

Use common sense. If you are giving a speech about the importance of wearing a condom, there are ways to illustrate this that will not gross anybody out, and there are ways to illustrate this that will. Err on the side of being conservative here, especially if you do not know everyone in your audience.

Why use Visual Aids.

We use visual aid to enhance a presentation or speech. Visual aids can improve your presentation in many ways. They can clarify information for the audience, and help you, as the presenter, focus on the topic at hand. The visual learners in your audience are able to understand information more readily by looking at images.

Why use Visual Aids

Tactile learners will appreciate a prop that they can touch and experience. For example clothing and other cultural artefacts provide a good experience for the audience. Auditory learners will enjoy hearing sound recordings that enhance your presentation. A presentation about colonial America could be enhanced by period music, for example.

Visual Aids Help the Presenter

Props and images can make you, as the presenter, feel more at eased. Many students feel more relaxed and secure when they can redirect viewers' eyes to another object. Visual Aids can help you when you are drawing a blank. If you forget an important statistic or date (which we can do under pressure!), you can look to your poster or chart as a prompt

When to use visual aids

We use visual aids when making presentations, public speaking in large and small groups. It is used when you want to bring home a point to your audience especially to reinforce instructional material.

Where do you use Visual Aids?

Visual aids are used in the classrooms, mass communication, public speaking, business presentations, seminars, workshops etc. However, in presentations themselves visual aids are sometimes introduced at the beginning based on the audience, you are presenting to and the topic. For e.g. a class on human reproduction having diagrams of the male and female human reproduction organs will definitely enhance your presentation.

The visual aid may be introduced in the middle to focus your audience attention on the presentation.

Visual aids can be used at the end of a presentation to reinforce the memory and evaluation of your audience. For example, at least 50% of your target should leave retaining the main points of your presentation.

What do you use to show the Visual aids?

The physical instruments used are diagrams; monitors; projectors; handouts; flip charts; videotapes etc. The usage of these aids will depend on your target audience or group. In a small group, a flip chart may be ideal while in larger groups a projector may be better.

Evaluate the Effectiveness of Visual Aids

What are Visual Aids

objects or representations that may be used to clarify or enhance understanding of a concept or a process learning tools that educators and presenters use to convey an idea more effectively.

Functions of Visual Aids

Visual aids help to organize your speech, clarify information, show steps and reinforce information Promote interest and motivation -Remember 20% of what we hear, 50% of what we See and hear, 70% of what we hear, see, and actually do

Functions of Visual Aids

Visual

aids help emphasize a

point- a picture is worth 1000 words Convey information concisely

15-30 second video can say as much as 10 minutes of verbal explanation Statistical relationships communicated much more efficiently and effectively through graphs

Functions of Visual Aids

Create

a professional image

Give professional feel which increases credibility which helps get the message across

Effectiveness of Visual aids on Audience Retention

BENEFITS OF USING VISUAL AIDS

They

increase understanding They save time They enhance retention They promote attentiveness They reduce nervousness

TYPES OF VISUAL AIDS

Physical objects, props and models White boards, Charts and posters, Flip charts

TYPES OF VISUAL AIDS

Overhead transparencies Multimedia/Computer presentations, e.g. PowerPoint. Slides Hand-outs

OVERHEAD TRANSPARENCIES
Shown

with overhead projector

useful

for audience settings of 20 to 50 people can be produced quickly, easily, and inexpensively

Overhead slide projector

LIMITATIONS

restrictiveness of doing changes

the image at times does not sit squarely on the screen and appears lopsided head of the projector gets in the line of vision -blockage.

WHITE BOARD

analogous to chalkboards

allows rapid marking and erasing of markings

LIMITATIONS

can cause contrast problems for people with vision impairment White board markers donot make heavy lines visibility issue

whiteboard

CHARTS AND POSTERS

An effective poster operates on multiple levels source of information conversation starter advertisement of your work summary of your work

One large graphic or image on a poster can be all it takes to drive home a point and make it memorable

Poster Limitations

Posters tend to contain too much detail. Transporting them can be difficult. The more elaborate posters require extensive preparation and can be quite costly. Text on posters is often too small to be read from a distance

35 Millimeter Slides
Slides are very good for communicating seeing is believing, hence it has credibility Limitations Slides require more time and money to produce than overhead transparencies. The lights must be dimmed more for slides than for overhead transparencies. slides cannot be embellished with animation and motion video

HANDOUTS

is a paper based resource used to support presentations free an audience from excessive note taking help the audience to follow the development of an idea or argument

Handout Limitations

Audience members become overly engrossed in them to the point that they cease listening to a speaker altogether Font size of poorly prepared handouts can be a major turn off and as such do not get read.

MULTIMEDIA COMPUTER BASED POWER POINT

It is very effective for all size audience

the slide show can be conveniently carried on a thumb drive provide consistent information to different groups or audience.

MULTIMEDIA COMPUTER BASED POWER POINT

LIMITATIONS 1. Digital slide shows can often bore an audience 2. It does not handle text well 3. It takes too much control away from the presenter 4. . Instead of a visual aid for the speaker, the speaker becomes an audio aid for the slides.

CONSTRUCTING VISUAL AIDS

Kylan Swain said in his book Technologies of Writing, that everyone does not learn in the same way, and it takes many different methods to get information to people. So in an attempt to help students learn with ease and comfort, many teaching perspectives and extra tools in an attempt to reach a greater number of minds in the most ways possible. Someone once said "a picture is worth a thousand words"? The use of visual aids can be used to inform your audience of many things. We humans take more information in visually, even when we are reading something because its process and stored as a visual thought in our minds.

PURPOSE OF CONSTRUCTING VISUAL AIDS

The main purpose in developing your visual aids is that they help you teach your class objectives, so develop them around your main teaching points. Be careful not to go overboard in designing your visual aids the word.

Very often, to save time or money on putting together our visual aids, we get carried away and overloading them with just too much information for our viewing audiences to process visually.

TYPES OF VISUAL AIDS

CHARTS FLIPCHARTS PICTURES FLASH CARDS VIDEOS DIORAMA BOOKS POWER POINTS

PROPS BLACKBOARD MARKER BOARD OVERHEAD PROJECTOR SLIDE PROJECTORS LCD PROJECTORS

VISUALS PEOPLE LIKE

Overhead projectors, slides, pictures, graphs Videotapes Demonstrations Broad overviews stated To see your enthusiasm Gestures Stories and examples that create a picture To see materials ahead of time

THINGS TO CONSIDER WHEN CONSTRUCTING VISUAL AIDS

The age group to receive the information.

Lettering should be large and diagrams should be simple. The amount of information on each sheet or slide should be limited.

CONTINUING

If pictures from posters and magazines are cut out and placed onto paper of the visual aid, they should be large enough for everyone to see. Plan your presentation before creating visual aids. Use visual aids sparingly.

CONTINUING

Make them visible to the entire audience. Explain the content of the aid when you first show it. When you finish with the aid, remove it, cover it, or turn it off.

CONTINUING

Avoid clip art from well-known sources.

Be prepared to give your presentation without your visual aids. Murphys Law -- "if anything can go wrong, it will" -- applies in spades to anything involving technology and an audience. Have a backup plan in case something goes wrong. Take a hard copy of your slides.

How to Create Visual Aids

Go to your notes and write down ideas for your visual aids. You can ask yourself certain questions:

How could a visual aid help clarify an idea? What kind will work bestchart, model, graph, or illustration?

Always design a visual aid to perform a specific function.

CONTINUING

Write down the essence of the visual aid on a piece of paper and start to work out the way it will look. The paper represents the visual aid; limit yourself to the one or two points you want to emphasize.

Sketch the visual aid itself. Whether you are creating your own visual aids or working with a professional, always make a rough sketch before you create your final version.

CONTINUING

Avoid clutter; make your visual aids simple and easy to grasp. If you must combine words and picture, strive for a good, balanced layout. Each visual aid should have a title, and should cover no more than three main points. Limit yourself to no more than six lines on each visual aid; less is definitely best! If you're using numbers and words on the visual aid, make them large and easy to read; take advantage of the ways graphics can reduce the number of words.

CONTINUING

Use colour in three ways: to please the eye, add emphasis, and differentiate one point from another. Underline headings in color and put colored bullets in front of major points. A lot of colour can lead to confusion. Colour has a psychological impact on most people; we are drawn to the coloured portions of advertisements and sales letters. Blue and black are both good for headlines;

Smile this is the End

ARE THERE ANY QUESTIONS ? ..NO? WELL THANKYOU !