Conducting a goal analysis Chapter 3

ATTITUDINAL GOALS

Table 3.2 Sample Instructional Goals and Learning Domains

Domain Letter B Sample Goals 1. Determine the distance between two specified laces on a state map Learning Domain A. Verbal information stating facts, providing specific information (e.g., naming objects)

2. Putt a golf ball

C

B. Intellectual skills making discriminations, learning concepts, using rules, and solving problems
C. Psychomotor skills physical activity, which usually includes mental activity as well D. Attitudes making particular choices or behaving in a manner that implies an underlying belief or preference

3. Choose to maximize personal safety while staying in a hotel. 4. Describe the 5 parts of a materials safety data sheet (MSDS) that are most important for jobsite safety.

 The 3rd goal is classified as an attitudinal goal since it implies choosing a course of action based on underlying attitude or belief. The first step to building a framework for this goal visit several hotels and inquire about safety features provided, which resulted 3

man areas of concern: A) hotel fires B) personal safety while in hotel room C) protection of valuable possessions

Figure 3.3 Goal Analysis for an Attitude Skill

Choose to follow fire safety precautions while staying in a hotel

Demonstrate fire safety precautions while staying in a hotel

Determine hotels fire safety procedures at check-in

Identify emergency facilities in hotel room

Identify emergency exits closest to the room

 Figure 3.3 shows major steps for maximizing

personal safety in relation to hotel fires. Indicate what a person would be doing to perform the first part of this goal. Similar analysis could be done for the 2nd and 3rd components of the goal related to personal safety and protecting valuable possessions.

Conducting a goal analysis Chapter 3

VERBAL INFORMATION GOALS

 The 4th instructional goals in Table 3.2 is

classified as a verbal information goal, since learners are required to recall specific information about the contents of the document. An MSDS is a federally mandated information sheet provided to customers by chemical manufacturers. This goal requires knowledge of 5 topics as illustrated in Figure 3.4. Do note that these are not steps but instead the number of information that must be covered in the instruction.

Figure 3.4 Goal Analysis for a Verbal Information Skill

1. Describe fire and explosion hazard data 2. Describe reactivity data 3. Describe health hazard data

4. Describe precautions for safe handling and use

5. Describe control measures

Conducting a goal analysis Chapter 3

TYPICAL FIRST APPROACH TO GOAL ANALYSIS

 Instructional goal diagrams may appear to

have simply flowed from the word processors of the authors. However, readers might have problems to achieve the goal even after following the steps given. Next figure will show the usual errors that can be found in goal analysis.

Figure 3.5 Faulty Goal Analysis of an Intellectual Skill Related to Word Processing

Explain concept of operating systems

Walk through steps involved in turning on PC

Explain application programs using word processing as example

Explore desktop

Use toolbars

Create, edit, and print a document

 The problem was, analyst usually thought on

How would I teach this goal? instead of How would I perform this goal?. Step 1 should be eliminated since the explanation of the operating system is not relevant at all. Step 2 should be revised to clearly teach readers on how to open the word processing program.

 Step 3 should be eliminated as well since it is

a general process for first-time users which can be considered as a substep. Step 4 too is irrelevant and should be removed since explanation regarding word program can be really long for first time user. Step 5 is correct, but the term toolbars is too general. Step 6 should be broken into 3 different parts to make it easier for the readers.

Explain concept of operating systems

Walk through steps involved in turning on PC

Figure 3.6 Revised Goal Analysis for a Word Processing

Explain application programs using word processing as example

Explore desktop

Use toolbars

Create, edit, and print a document