High Power Density

Converter for HEV

Presented by:-

IEEE Paper
High

Power Density 3-level Converter with Switched Capacitors aimed for HEV by Mitsuaki Hirakawa, Masao Nagano, Yasuto Watanabe, Keigo Andoh, Somei Nakatomi, Satoshi Hashino and Toshihisa Shimizu

Enlightened Area
HEV

Boost

converter 3-level DC/DC converter with SC Experimental results Reduction of emission noise conclusion

Introduction to HEV

Hybrid Electrical Vehicle (HEV) combines an ICE propulsion system with an electrical propulsion system. Types are

Series Parallel Power-split

Performance basically depends upon the progress of battery.

Power requirement for HEV

To match the driving performance of conventional gasoline-powered vehicles, the electrical power systems of HEV need to be supplied with 50KW from batteries. To achieve this amount of power densities boost converter is used as an intermediate between the batteries and the inverter which is connected to the driving motor.

Boost converter

Drive the output with required higher voltage than that of available.
Achieved through proper switching of switches(typically semiconductor switches like IGBT) and filtration with passive elements like inductor and capacitor. Boost converter has drawbacks of cost, size, weight.

For electrical power system of HEV required high power densities which is achieved with single inductor chopper circuit, an interleaved circuit, an interleaved circuit with loose-coupled inductors. Compensation for reduction in inductor volume is soft switching method.

DC magnetic flux is reduced with an interleaved circuit with close-coupled inductor (CCI converter). Switched capacitor is another way to reduce the size of inductor

3-level DC/DC converter with SC

The neutral point of C1 and C2 is connected to the totem-pole arm. It is a bidirectional DC/DC converter with switched capacitor which is required for the use in HEV.

Ripple current analysis

D > 0.5 or > 2 D < 0.5 or < 2

1 ( 2) 2

1 (2 )( 1) 2

Ripple current feature of an auxiliary inductor

It has a consistency in its input current feature compared to CCI converter

Effective current of output capacitor

Maximum effective current of output capacitor is higher for SC converter

Passive components

Input ripple current and flux density kept constant

The wattage loss of the capacitor is estimated by multiplying the ERS in each frequency component and adding them.

The previous table is constructed by considering the cooling capability of 10KW/m2 . From comparison the weight of main passive components of SC converter is 44% of interleaved converter and 64% of CCI converter. And also the volume of main passive components is 43% of interleaved converter and 54% of CCI converter.

Experimental results

Maximum achievable output power is 42KW and at 20KW maximum efficiency is achieved with boost ratio of 1.25

The rate of switching loss is larger than compare to the two phase interleaved converter and CCI converter.

The inductor current has an AC component whose frequency is twice the switching frequency Comparing with the amplitude of ripple current with the table, it has a higher value.

When the input is higher than 180V, as given in table, output power go on increase. At these condition maximum output power of 60KW is achieved. And also 26.8KW/liter of maximum power density was achieved with efficiency exceeding 97.5 for boost ratio of 1.7.

Emission noise

Caused due to long electrical cable connected between power source and converter input terminal. Direct impact on all sorts of devices for control and communication.

modified

References

All references of the above paper Google Wikipedia