The Layers of the Earth!

Earth Layers
The Earth is divided into four main layers. 1. Inner Core 2. Outer Core 3. Mantle 4. Crust

Word Wall
1. Solar-System: The Sun and all the planets, moons, and other bodies that orbit it.

2.

Orbit: is the path that an object makes around another object.

3. Earth: The third planet from the Sun and the planet where we live. It is the ONLY planet with large amounts of surface water.

Word Wall (Cont.)

4.

Inner Core: The inner core is the very center of the planet and is the hottest part of the planet.

5. Outer Core: The Outer Core is also apart of the center of the planet. It is made up of super-heated liquid molten lava mostly iron, and nickel.

6. Mantle: The middle layer of the Earth.

7. Crust: The top layer of the Earth

Discovery Sheet
Earth
The Earth is round like a kickball, but it isnt soft and air-filled. Its hard, and its filled with metal and rock. The Earth is one of eight large, round masses in space called planets. The Sun and planets make up our solar system. Scientists who study the earth's layers are called geologists. Since they cannot see the inside of the earth they use geographical clues to help them. These clues are gathered from activities such as volcanoes and earthquakes. From these clues geologists hypothesize (make an educated guess) what they think the earth actually looks like.

Geologists believe the earth is neither liquid nor solid all the way through. It is a made up of different layers. Some of these layers are solid. Some are liquid, and some are both. The layers of the earth have special names. They are the crust, the mantle, and the core. These layers vary in width and temperature. (Look at the picture below)
The thin crust, or outer layer of the earth is made mostly of rock. The thickness of this layer varies from 3 to 34 miles. Below the crust is the mantle. The mantle is about 1,800 miles thick and made mostly of solid rock. The mantle is very hot - about 5,400 degrees F in some spots. The center of the earth is called the core. It is about 2,200 miles thick. The core is extremely hot - about 7,200 degrees F. The core is further divided into an inner core and an outer core. The outer core is a liquid layer of melted nickel and iron. The inner core is made of solid nickel and iron.

Brain Pop Jr. Video

http://www.brainpopjr.com/science/space/ earth/

Lets take a Look!

The Crust
The Earths crust is like the skin of an apple. It is very thin compared to the other three layers. The crust makes up 1% of the Earth. The Earths Crust is mostly made out of Rock.

The crust is only about 3-5 miles thick under the oceans (oceanic crust) and about 25 miles thick under the continents (continental crust).
The crust of the Earth is broken into many pieces called plates. The seven continents basically float across the mantle which is composed of much hotter and denser material.

 The mantle is the layer below the crust. The mantle is the largest layer of the Earth, 1800 miles thick. The mantle is made out of scorching solid rock.

The Mantle

The mantle is divided into two regions: the upper and lower sections.
The temperature of the mantle varies from 1600 degrees Fahrenheit at the top to about 4000 degrees Fahrenheit near the bottom!

Outer Core
The core of the Earth is like a ball of very hot metals. The outer core is so hot that the metals in it are all in the liquid state. The outer core is a liquid layer of melted nickel and iron.

It is located about 1800 miles beneath the crust and is about 1400 miles thick.

Inner Core
The inner core of the Earth has temperatures and pressures so great that the metals are squeezed together and are not able to move. The inner core begins about 4000 miles beneath the crust and is about 800 miles thick. The temperatures may reach 9000 degrees F.

The inner core is made of solid nickel and iron.

Review
Please Label the layers of the Earth: A.________ B.________ C.________ D.________ 1) The Earth is soft and air-filled? True or False 2) The Earths crust is very ______? 3) The mantle is the largest layer of the Earth? True or False 4) Is the Outer Core a liquid or a solid? 5) Which layer of the Earth is the hottest? 6)Hypothesize means to: a. read b. make a guess c. make an educated guess d. cut apart and observe

Please Label the layers of the Earth: A. Crust B. Mantel C. Outer Core D. Inner Core

Answers!

1) False- It is hard and filled with metal and rock 2) Thin 3) True 4) Liquid 5) The Core 6) Hypothesize: c. make an educated guess

You will have the opportunity to make earths layers out of play dough!

Earths Layers

DO NOT TOUCH ANY OF THE MATERIALS AFTER YOU HAVE RECEIVED THEM. WAIT UNTIL I EXPLAIN WHAT TO DO.

You have now made the Layers of the Earth. *The Crust (Blue Clay) * Mantle (White Clay) * The Outer Core (Yellow Clay) *The Inner Core (Red Clay)
Continents (Green)

Please Toothpick Label your layers.

Closure
1. Tell your partner 2 things you learned today? 2. Raise your hand if you would like to share?