DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : R.Saraswathi.
Designation : Lecturer,
Branch : Electronics & Communication Engg.
Institute : Dr.B.R.A.G.M.R.Polytechnic, Bommuru, E.G.Dist.

Year/Semester : III Semester

Sub. Name : Circuit Theory
Sub. Code : EC-303

Major Topic : Resonance and Coupled Circuits

Duration : 50Mts

Sub. Topic : Principle of Coupled Circuits and Definitions

Teaching Aids : Circuits

EC303.67 1
 Objectiv
es
• on completion of this period , you would be able
to know

• Principle of Coupled Circuits

• Definitions of Self and Mutual inductance

EC303.67 2
Principle of coupled circuits

• Energy can also be transferred from one

circuit to the other with out the physical
contact and using a coupling element.

• Magnetic field can be used as the inter

linking source.

• The circuits are called magnetically

coupled circuits.

EC303.67 3
• In a magnetically coupled circuit, the magnetic field

produced by one circuit induces energy in to the other

circuit.

• Circuits that are used for transferring energy are

called “Coupled circuits”.

EC303.67 4
 Faraday’s Law of
Electromagnetic Induction

• It states that whenever there is a relative

motion between
a conductor and a magnetic field, a voltage
will be
induced in the conductor.

• The magnitude of the induced voltage

depends on the
rate of flux linkages.
EC303.67 5
Magnetic Induction

N -20 +20

Magnet moving towards the Coil

EC303.67 6
Magnetic Induction

N -20 +20

EC303.67

Magnet moving away from the Coil 7

Magnetic Induction

N -20 +20

S
Galvano meter

No induced emf when there is no motion

EC303.67 8
Magnetic Induction

•Let a coil of ‘N’ turns be placed in the region of changing flux.

•According to Faraday’s law the voltage induced in the coil is

Flux linkages = No.of turns x Flux linking these turns

dφ
el = N
dt
• N is number of turns of the coil.

•
EC303.67 9
Magnetic Induction

• N is number of turns of the coil.

• dφ represents the instantaneous change in flux linking the coil.

dt

• If the flux linking the coil does not change the induced voltage
el is “zero”.

• Unit = Weber-turn.

EC303.67 10
 Lenz’s
Law
• The direction of induced emf is always such as to
opposes the change that causes it.

• If the current flowing through a coil increases in

magnitude, the flux generated around the coil, which
links the same coil also changes.

• This change in flux induces a voltage in the coil.

• This induced voltage results in a current in the coil

which produces a flux.

EC303.67 11
Classification of Emf’s

EC303.67 12
 Self induced Emf (Es)
• It is the emf induced in a coil, due to change of
current carried by coil.

• Consider ‘N ’turn coil.

dφ
Es = N
dt
• Coil carries uniformly changing current .

Nφ dI
Es =
I dt
EC303.67 13
 Nφ
•Self inductance =
I

•Self induced Emf is given by

dI
Es = L
dt

EC303.67 14
Self inductance

Nφ
L=
I
• From the above eq. the self inductance may be defined

as the number of flux linkages per unit current in the coil.

• Unit – Henry.

• Also defined as weber turns per ampere.

EC303.67 15
Mutually Induced Emf (Em)

•consider two coils L1 and L2 which are placed near each other.

Fig 4 Bulb is off when the first coil is not excited

EC303.67 16
 Mutually Induced Emf (Em)

Magnetic field

AC
Source ~

Fig 5 Bulb glows when the first coil is excited

EC303.67 17
Mutually Induced Emf (Em)

• The flux produced by i1 flowing in coil L1also links coil L2.

• The changing current i1establishes a magnetic flux Φ1.

• Part of this flux links only coil1 called leakage flux Φ11.

• The remaining flux Φ12 links coil2.

EC303.67 18
Mutually Induced Emf (Em)

• The mutually induced Emf in the coil is given by

 N 2φ 12  dI 1
Em =  
 I 1  dt

dI 1
Em = M
dt
•Where ‘M’ is the mutual inductance between the coils.

EC303.67 19
Definition of Mutual inductance

 N 2φ 12 
M =  
 I1 

• Mutual inductance between the two coils may be defined

as the No.of flux linkages of one coil, due to unit current in

the other coil.

• Unit- Henry.

EC303.67 20
1. The _______ law states that whenever there
is a

relative motion between a conductor and a

magnetic

field will be induced in the conductor.

b) Lenz’s law

d) Faraday’s law Answer-(b)

f) Newton’s law

h) None

EC303.67 21
1. According to Faraday’s law,if the flux linking
the coil

does not change,then the induced voltage in

the coil is

a) One

c) Infinity Answer-(c)

e) Zero

g) None

EC303.67 22
 Summary

We have discussed about

• Principle of Coupling.

• Definition of Self and Mutually Induced emf’s

EC303.67 23
 Frequently asked
questions
2. Define the following terms ?

a) Self inductance

c) Mutual inductance

e) Self induced emf

g) Mutually induced emf

2. Explain Electromagnetic field?

EC303.67 24