8MART GRD

Mr ASMA8 AbeyraLne (109201n)

Mr A! Ldlrlslnghe (109210)
Mr C8 kodlkara (109223)
Mr C8ML kumara (109227A)
Mr uMkM remaLhllaka (109242n)
Mr uMu 8anawaka (109247!)
Mr 8M! 8aLhnayake (1092498)
Mr PMkS Marambage (109237L)
Ms !CS nalanl (109238P)
1
What is Smart Grid ?
Combination of hardware, management
and reporting software, built atop an
intelligent communications infrastructure.
Consumers and utility companies have
tools to manage, monitor and respond to
energy issues.
2
What is Smart Grid ?
3
1he "Smart Gr|d" |s enab|ed by advanced techno|og|es from
severa| |ndustr|es
@echnology Cvervlew
4
@he SmarL Crld" brlngs LogeLher Lhree klnds of Lechnologles for
Lhe elecLrlc power sysLem
3ubstation
Meter
0eneration 1ransmission Uistribution
3CAUA
AMl
3mart 0rid
ow Smart Grid Works
3
Why Smart Grid"
lteveot ftom ovltoomeotol cbolleoqes
@radlLlonal elecLrlc power producLlon ls Lhe largesL
CC
2
emlsslon source
shorLage of fossll energy
naLural caLasLrophes such as earLhquakes and
Lornados can desLroy Lhe Lransmlsslon sysLem
6
Why Smart Grid?
Motket oeeJs
CusLomer saLlsfacLlon lmproved by provldlng hlgh
quallLy/prlce raLlo
lmproved cusLomer comforL by provldlng more
faclllLles
lmproved Lransparency and llberLy of Lhe
compeLlLlve markeL
7
Jhy SmarL Crld"
loftosttoctote cbolleoqes
lnfrasLrucLure for elecLrlclLy Lransmlsslon has
qulckly aglng
JlLh Lhe lncreaslng load demands Lhe neLwork
congesLlon ls becomlng worse
fasL onllne analysls Lools wldearea monlLorlng
measuremenL and conLrol and fasL and accuraLe
proLecLlons are needed Lo lmprove
8
Jhy SmarL Crld"
looovotlve tecbooloqles
lnnovaLlve Lechnologles lncludlng advanced
power elecLronlcs and communlcaLlon
Lechnologles are need Lo be Lhere for Lhe
revoluLlon of Lransmlsslon grlds
@hey are noL compaLlble wlLh currenL sLrucLure
9
CPA8AC@L8lS@lCS Cl SMA8@ C8luS
ulqltollzotloo
employ a unlque dlglLal plaLform for fasL and rellable
senslng measuremenL communlcaLlon compuLaLlon
conLrol proLecLlon vlsuallzaLlon and malnLenance of
Lhe enLlre Lransmlsslon sysLem
llexlblllty
expandablllLy for fuLure developmenL of lnnovaLlve
and dlverse generaLlon Lechnologles
adapLablllLy Lo varlous geographlcal locaLlons and
cllmaLes
mulLlple conLrol sLraLegles for Lhe coordlnaLlon of
decenLrallzed conLrol schemes
compaLlblllLy wlLh varlous markeL operaLlon sLyles and
plugandplay capablllLy
10
CPA8AC@L8lS@lCS Cl SMA8@ C8luS
lotelllqeoce
Selfawareness of Lhe sysLem operaLlon
Selfheallng wlll be achleved Lo enhance
coordlnaLed proLecLlon and conLrol schemes
uynamlc adapLlve lnLelllgenL conLrol wlLh ald of
neural neLworklng
kesllleocy
capable of dellverlng elecLrlclLy Lo cusLomers
securely and rellably ln Lhe case of any exLernal or
lnLernal dlsLurbances or hazards
fasL selfheallng capablllLy wlll enable Lhe sysLem
Lo reconflgure lLself dynamlcally
11
CPA8AC@L8lS@lCS Cl SMA8@ C8luS
5ostolooblllty
sufflclency efflclency and envlronmenLfrlendly
demand should be saLlsfled wlLh Lhe
lmplemenLaLlon of affordable alLernaLlve energy
resources
lncreased energy savlngs vla Lechnology ln Lhe
elecLrlclLy dellvery and sysLem operaLlon and
mlLlgaLlon of neLwork congesLlon
lnnovaLlve Lechnologles Lo be employed
less polluLlon and emlsslon and decenLrallze
12
costomlzotloo
cllenLLallored for Lhe operaLors' convenlence
wlLhouL Lhe loss of lLs funcLlons and
lnLeroperablllLy
lncreaslng Lransparency and lmprovlng
compeLlLlon for markeL parLlclpanLs
13
SmarL leaLure Achleve @hrough
New motetlols
maLerlals and devlces ln power sysLems wlll lmprove
Lhe efflclency of power supply by lncreaslng power
Lransfer capablllLles
AJvooceJ powet electtoolcs
lmprove Lhe quallLy of power supply and flexlblllLy of
power flow conLrol
5eosloq ooJ meosotemeot
Serve as Lhe basls for communlcaLlons compuLlng
conLrol and lnLelllgence
14
SmarL leaLure Achleve @hrough
commoolcotloos
opensLandardlzed communlcaLlon proLocols Lo
operaLlon a unlque plaLform
8ealLlme conLrol based on a fasL and accuraLe
lnformaLlon exchange
compotloq ooJ coottol metboJoloqles
Plghperformance parallel and dlsLrlbuLed compuLlng
Lechnologles wlll enable realLlme modellng and
slmulaLlon
dlsLrlbuLed conLrol paradlgms wlll be needed Lo
auLomaLe Lhe enLlre
13
SmarL leaLure Achleve @hrough
Motote powet motket teqolotloo ooJ pollcles
lmprove Lhe Lransparency llberLy and
compeLlLlon of Lhe power markeL
lotelllqeot tecbooloqles
enable fuzzy loglc reasonlng
knowledge dlscovery selflearnlng
neural neLworklng
16
8oad Map Cvervlew
17
"Smart Gr|d" Lvo|v|ng changes
18
Standards Support|ng the "Smart Gr|d"
19
pplications of Smart Grid
Transmission Optimization
Demand Side Management
Distribution Optimization
sset Optimization
20
@ransmlsslon
ulsLrlbuLlon
SysLem conLrol
Advance Metering
Infrastructures
Asset Management
etc.
Asset
Management
HVDC and
UHVAC etc.
SeIf HeaIing Grids
WAMS
Adaptive IsIanding
etc.
21
SMA8@ @8AnSMlSSlCn nL@JC8kS
nlqbfflcleocy ooJ nlqbOoollty 1toosmlssloo
Netwotks
DlLra hlgh volLage/hlgh capaclLy Lransmlsslon
Plgh LemperaLure super conducLors for Lransmlsslon
6 or 12 phase Lransmlsslon llne conflguraLlon
llexlble coottolloblllty ooJ utlllzotloo of Asset
ulsLrlbuLed lAC@S devlces lnsLead of LradlLlonal large
scale lAC@S
SolldsLaLe clrculL breakers are free from arclng and
swlLch bounce
22
SMA8@ @8AnSMlSSlCn nL@JC8kS
5elfneolloq ooJ kobost lecttlclty
1toosmlssloo
redlcLlon of lnclplenL fallure
MonlLor healLh and efflclency of Lransformers
8espond Lo emerglng problems before Lhey
lmpacL
AJvooceJ 1toosmlssloo loclllty Moloteoooce
Advanced malnLenance and power llne condlLlon
monlLorlng
23
SMA8@ SDS@A@lCnS
Maln funcLlons of a smarL subsLaLlon
5mott 5eosloq ooJ Meosotemeot
lbosot Meosotemeot uolts wltb electtoolc
c1 l1
commoolcotloos
ocb 5totloo bos lts owo setvet tbot
commoolcote wltb blqbet level oetwotk
AJoptlve ltotectloo
kemote cooflqototloo of ptotectlve teloys
24
SMA8@ SDS@A@lCnS
uoto Moooqemeot ooJ vlsoollzotloo
Joto ftom lMus ote efflcleotly moooqeJ
ooJ JlsployeJ lo teol tlme
Mooltotloq ooJ Alotmloq
uloqoosls ooJ ltoqoosls
AJvooceJ lotetfoces wltb ulsttlboteJ
kesootces
23
Smart Gr|d |n D|str|but|on
ulsLrlbuLlon AuLomlzaLlon
uemand CpLlmalzaLlon SelecLlve Load
ConLrol
CperaLlon lslandlng of Mlcrogrlds
26
D|str|but|on Autom|zat|on]Cpt|m|zat|on
Manag|ng D|str|but|on Network Mode|
Cutage management and AMI Integrat|on
DMS Advanced Sw|tch|ng App||cat|ons
Integrated Vo|tage ] VAk Contro|
27
Demand Cpt|m|zat|on
Demand kesponse Ut|||ty
Demand kesponse Consumer
Demand kesponse Management System
In nome 1echno|ogy enab||ng
28
Demand Cpt|m|zat|on
SmarL MeLerlng
AuLomaLlc @lme of Dse Consumer CommunlcaLlon Load
ConLrol
CommunlcaLlons AuLomaLed MeLerlng
lnfrasLrucLure (AMl) LAn JAn
u8MS (uemand 8esponse ManagemenL)
ln Pome enabllng Lechnology
uemand ln Lhree caLegory
lmmedlaLe ueferrable SLorable
CusLomer aggregaLlon ueaggregaLlon requlred for eak
shlfLlng
29
Advanced Web
Lnergy Dsage lnformaLlon
DLlllLy CommunlcaLlon
Consumer LnrollmenL ln u8
programs
ln Pome @echnology AvallablllLy urchase
uevlce rovlslonlng
30
looJ Moooqemeot/uemooJ kespoose
31
SMA8@ CCn@8CL CLn@L8S
Mooltotloq/vlsoollzotloo
obLalned Lhe sLaLe measuremenL based on phasor
measuremenL unlLs
provlde Lhe sLaLe varlables ln parLlcular volLage
angles
sysLem sLablllLy measures ln real Llme for beLLer
monlLorlng
global frequency can be monlLored and Lraced
All measuremenL ln dlsplayed on Lop of Lhe acLual
wldearea map (ClS)
32
SMA8@ CCn@8CL CLn@L8S
Aoolytlcol copoblllty
onllne Llmedomalnbased analysls such as
volLage sLablllLy LranslenL angular sLablllLy and
smallslgnal sLablllLy
dynamlc model updaLe and valldaLlon
address Lhe posslble analysls for shorL Lo mldLerm
(wlLhln 1 h) varlaLlon of sysLem condlLlons
33
SMA8@ CCn@8CL CLn@L8S
coottolloblllty
onllne resLoraLlve plans
proLecLlon and conLrol seLLlngs are conflgured as
dynamlc values based on real Llme sLudles
capablllLy Lo coordlnaLe mulLlple conLrol devlces
dlsLrlbuLed ln Lhe sysLem
lotetoctloos wltb lecttlclty Motket
More sophlsLlcaLed Lools provlded Lo monlLor and
mlLlgaLe markeL power
flexlble Lo lnclude renewable energy resources lnLo
Lhe unlL dlspaLch
uemandslde parLlclpanLs should have access Lo Lhe
markeL
34
8ellablllLy lmpacLs of Ma[or SmarL Crld
8esource @ypes
8enewable 8esources
Load ManagemenL/uemand 8esponse
SLorage uevlces
LlecLrlc @ransporLaLlon
33
keoewoble kesootces
Jlnd and solar generally have adverse lmpacL on
grld rellablllLy due Lo
varlablllLy and low capaclLy facLors maklng Lhe neL
demand proflle sLeeper
Low correlaLlon wlLh load proflles especlally for wlnd
8elaLlvely larger forecasL errors for longer horlzons
@ransmlsslon congesLlon due Lo large lnsLallaLlons
ulsLrlbuLlon congesLlon due Lo dlspersed resources
CperaLlonal performance lssues such as volLage and
regulaLlon
36
looJ Moooqemeot/uemooJ kespoose
8educLlon of load ln response Lo emergency and/or hlgh
prlce condlLlons
More prevalenL durlng peak load or congesLed operaLlon
8educLlon lnlLlaLed by Lhe consumer ls demand response
nonemergency demand response ln Lhe range of 3 Lo
13 of peak load can provlde subsLanLlal beneflLs ln
reduclng Lhe need for addlLlonal resources and lowerlng
realLlme prlces
uemand response does noL subsLanLlally change Lhe LoLal
energy consumpLlon slnce a large fracLlon of Lhe energy
saved durlng load curLallmenL ls consumed aL a more
opporLune LlmeLhus a flaLLer load proflle
37
lecttlc 1toospottotloo
LlecLrlc vehlcles (Lv eCA8 eLc) conLlnue Lo
become more popular
600 @Jh/year @hls esLlmaLe assumes 30 kwh
for a 100mlle Lrlp
Long recharge Llmes lead Lo unaccepLable
vehlcle unavallablllLy
shorL recharge Llmes have poLenLlal Lo
lncrease congesLlon aL Lhe dlsLrlbuLlon level
38
SLorage uevlces
demand varlablllLy presenLed by new wlnd and
solar resources
MosL of Lhe exlsLlng sLorage resources are hydro
and pumped sLorage
aLLery sLorage appears Lo be mosL promlslng
due Lo lmprovemenLs ln Lechnology
SLorage Lends Lo make Lhe neL demand proflle
flaLLer
Pence Lhey can be valuable as enablers of fasL
conLrols ln a smarL grld
39
SpoL rlclng
8ealLlme markeL lnformaLlon on prlces and
quanLlLles demanded and supplled
rovlde lncenLlves Lo reduce consumpLlon durlng
peak use perlods
8egulaLes supply on each Lransmlsslon llne
Lhrough prlces
Lncourages lncreased use ln rarely used llnes and
decreased use ln overcrowded llnes
Lncourages lncreased use durlng nonpeak
perlods
40
eed for deveIopment of Smart Grid having
features Iike-
hasor MeasuremenL @echnlque
Jlde Area MeasuremenL (JAM)
llexlble AC @ransmlsslon SysLem (lAC@S)
AdopLlve lslandlng
Self heallng Crlds
robablllsLlc and uynamlc SLablllLy AssessmenL
ulsLrlbuLed and auLonomous ConLrol

Technology ntegration
41
LuC_SCAuA
Network mode|
State Lst|mator
V kV
MW
MVAk
nz nz

Cpen
C|ose
C|ose
C|ose
Severa|
Seconds
to a
M|nute
m||||
secs
to sec
S1A1L MLASUkLMLN1 S1A1L LS1IMA1ICN
-1rad|t|ona||y deve|oped for
accommodat|ng o|d
|nformat|on techno|ogy
reg|me (S|ow commun|cat|on
data w|thout t|me stamp)
-Made poss|b|e for a|| round
deve|opment |n techno|og|es

SCD Vs PMU
43
Summary
LlecLrlclLy demand and requlremenL for
greaLer rellablllLy securlLy and efflclency as
well as envlronmenLal and energy
susLalnablllLy has lncreased Lhe complexlLy of
power grlds
lnLegraLlon of communlcaLlon and lnformaLlon
Lechnologles for beLLer conLrollablllLy and
rellablllLy of Lhe power sysLem ls known as
SmarL Crld"
Summary
hasor measuremenL DnlLs enables real Llme
modellng of Lhe sysLem and beLLer analysls of
Lhe sysLem predlcLlons
SmarL Crld opLlmlzes power generaLlon
Lransmlsslon dlsLrlbuLlon and consumpLlon
ower generaLlon varlaLlon ln fuLure
renewable resources llke solar and wlnd can
be easlly handled
44
43