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Presents:

Straight Java
A journey of Java 2 platform
Knowledge tour of Java 2 standard edition 5.0 with glimpse of J2SE 6.0
Prepared by: Vishal Kaushik M.Tech. (IT)

About Java

Java is an object-oriented programming language with simpler object model and fewer low-level facilities and borrows much syntax from C and C++. Unlike conventional languages, which are either to be compiled to machine code, or to be interpreted from source code at runtime, Java is intended to be compiled to bytecode, that runs by using JIT compilation by a Java Virtual Machine.

JavaScript only shares its name and C-like syntax with Java.

History of Java

1991: Project Green led by Patrick Naughton along with Suns James Gosling (an all-rounder computer pro) to design an architecture (CPU) neutral, small & tight computer programming language to be used for the consumer devices viz. cable TV switch boxes* etc. Green engineers resurrected old Pascals model of a hypothetical machine (virtual machine like JVM) understanding an intermediate code through correct interpreter generated by language compiler

* Variety of CPU with limited power and processing resources

Sweet Sour Success

Oak first name by James Gosling but later realized it was already the name of other computer language. 1992: Project green released first deliverable *7. UNSFL 1995: 1st public implementation Java 1.0 released with its philosophy of "Write Once, Run Anywhere". Java 1.0 was incomplete also its successor 1.1 was very limited in capabilities enhanced incrementally through versions 1.2. and so on.. 1998: Java was standardized as a platform environment and renamed as Java 2 Standard Software Development Kit 1.2.
true power of Java was realized after 1994 with the success of Internet & WWW

Evolution Story

Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) for Server side processing and Micro Edition (J2ME for embedded devices such as cell phones) were released as free runtimes for popular large-small platform available. With configurable security, allowing limited access to network and file, Major web browsers inbuilt it into the standard configuration in a secure "applet. 1.3 & 1.4 of J2SE are incremental improvements with an ever-growing library.

Java 5.0 (originally numbered as 1.5) has changed the language significantly.

Evolution Tabulated
Version 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 New Language Feature The language itself Inner Classes None None Assertions Generic Classes, For-each loop, varargs, autoboxing, metadata, enumerations, static import Number of classes & Interfaces 211 477 1524 1840 2723 3270

Java Licensing

The original and reference implementation Java compilers, virtual machines, and class libraries were developed by Sun from 1995. As of May 2007, in compliance with the specifications of the Java Community Process, Sun relicensed most of its Java technologies under the GNU General Public License. Others have also developed alternative implementations of these Sun technologies, such as the GNU Compiler for Java, GNU Classpath, and Dalvik.

Class Assignment

Students have to Submit a lucid note on the History and Evolution of Java with an analysis of the various versions and flavours of the Java Platform. The assignment should be submitted hand written.