Un|t 3

CLkA1ICNS
1CICS for DISCUSSICN I2
1 What are the advantages and d|sadvantages of |ean manufactur|ng?
2 resent d|fferent stateoftheart (modern) organ|zat|ons of work Wh|ch form
|s popu|ar |n V|etnam?
3 W|th the |ncreas|ng care for env|ronment more and more env|ronmentfr|end|y
dev|ces have been |nvented among wh|ch |s "s||ent p|ane" Make a
presentat|on to g|ve an account of s||ent p|anes
4 resent the number of tour|sts that nano|]V|etnam rece|ved |ast year and the
trend for the fo||ow|ng t|me G|ve reasons for the po|nts you make
S G|ve a presentat|on on how to make a successfu| presentat|on
6 What are the |mportant factors when you start up a bus|ness?
7 resent a f|our|sh|ng company and the|r secrets of success
8 G|ve a presentat|on on how to prepare for and behave |n an appra|sa| |nterv|ew
9 resent a prof||e of a bus|ness |eader that you know
CLkA1ICN
roduct|on methods (|ean manufactur|ng)
|ann|ng
ro[ect management
Lean manufacLurlng
W f
at
waste (preoccupotion of quo/ity monoqement)
e|ements of supp|y cha|n
f|n|shed goods (outputs)
does not waste money and space on unnecessary 'fat'
parts
components
|nputs to the
manufactur|ng
process
ean manufactur|ng
W ocus |ean product|on
W Goa|
Iapan
1oyota roduct|on
System (1S)
to get the r|ght th|ng to the r|ght p|ace at
the r|ght t|me
W 8enef|ts
m|n|m|z|ng waste
re||sten|ng
W ralnsLorm any words LhaL flL lnLo
Lhe gaps (1 8)
When was the f|rst factory bu||t?
1769 1869
Subcontractor Someone who has a [ob do|ng part
of the work that another person or
company has agreed to do for
someone e|se
@he organlzaLlon of work ln Lhe uk
1he domest|c system 1he factory system
ln Lhls sysLem people worked aL
1
________ @he whole famlly made lLems
and sold Lhem aL
2
_________
eople work parLLlme and producLlon
was slow
roducLlon moved lnLo facLorles
llrsL facLory bullL ln
3
______ by 8lchard
ArkwrlghL
roducLlon was much
6
_________ buL
worklng condlLlons were bad
1he workshop system 1he postfactory system
very slmllar Lo domesLlc sysLem
eople were organlzed by a subconLracLor
slmllar Lo a
3
_________
lamllles used Lhe subconLracLor's
maLerlals
4
________________ kepL all Lhe proflLs
very slmllar Lo before
7
____________ ls much more advanced
Maybe humans noL needed ln Lhe fuLure?
no wlll need humans Lo
8
______ and
englneers Lo mend Lhe machlnes
home
market
manager
subcontractor
1769
qu|cker
1echno|ogy
check
kead|ng for g|st
W Ludy Lhe headlngs
W vocabulary
|ean manufactur|ng
spend|ng as ||tt|e money as poss|b|e to
make a prof|t
II1 [ust|nt|me
chaos a s|tuat|on where everyth|ng |s |n a mess
craftsman
a sk|||ed person espec|a||y one who makes
beaut|fu| th|ngs by hand
craftswork
work done by a craftsman
kead|ng for g|st
Sect|on 1
Chaos
Sect|on 2
1S
Sect|on 3
ean manufactur|ng
Sect|on 4 II1
Sect|on S 1he emp|oyees
Sect|on 6 1he resu|t
Sect|on 7
8eyond the Iapanese car |ndustry
kead|ng for deta||
1 1he 1oyota roduct|on System started 100 years ago |n
Iapan
2 1oyota's mach|nes are mu|t|purpose 1hey are ab|e to
produce more than one part
3 ean manufactur|ng |s another name for the 1S
4 1oyota's emp|oyees are |nvo|ved |n the product|on process
S Iust|nt|me means that parts are ordered once a month
6 1he company |s |mportant to Iapanese emp|oyees
7 1he 1S means that the env|ronment the emp|oyees work |n
|s |ess dangerous
8 1he 1S |s successfu| a|| over the wor|d
1
1
1
1

Match|ng
1 kalzen a ln Lhls process sLock ls only
ordered when lL ls needed
noL before
2 !usLlnLlme b a sysLem LhaL alms Lo produce
more uslng less @he removal
of wasLe (wasLe anyLhlng
LhaL does noL add Lo Lhe flnal
producL
3 Lean
manufacLurlng
c conLlnually maklng small
lmprovemenLs whlch lead Lo
greaLer effecLlveness and
hlgher quallLy
|sten|ng for g|st
W LlsLen Lo Lhe recordlng
W Answer Lhe quesLlons
1 WhaL wenL wrong?
2 Why dldn'L lL work?
1he 1S wasn't successfu| |n the company
1he emp|oyees weren't used to work|ng |n that
way
|sten|ng for deta||
W Iocobu/ory
prlde (n)
mass producLlon
feellng of pleasure when you have
achleved sLh
produclng a blg quanLlLy of
sLh
|sten|ng for deta||
ean management system abandoned
Lmp|oyees went on
4
______
3
______ |n the company was |ost
kumour went around about owners mov|ng the factory to
2
______________
nad to repeat
1
___________
Lmp|oyees fe|t uncomfortab|e
workshop
Lastern Lurope
a|th
str|ke
Lean manufacLurlng
Ads
W ave money
W Less labour/
machlnery/ Llme/
space
D|sads
W More Llmespendlng on
managemenL
W Many employees are
unemployed
W lf Lhere ls an lncrease ln
popularlLy of producLs
(producLs sold ouL
qulckly) cusLomers
have Lo walL
W MlsLakes on Laklng orders
delays
32 1rends and p|ann|ng
Un|t ocus
@rends ln avlaLlon lndusLry
AspecLs of
managlng a pro[ecL
flnal Lasks
creaLlng a pro[ecL Llmellne
D|scuss|on
avlaLlon
lndusLry
small
alrllnes
large
alrllnes
alrllne sLaff passengers
envlronmenL
grow|ng dr|v|ng pr|ces down
hav|ng
to react
become
more
compet|t|ve
|ncreas|ng
due to carbon
em|ss|ons
reported|y work|ng |onger hours
kead|ng for deta||
W compeLlLor (n)
W fleeL (n)
W sloLs (n)
W subsldlary (n)
r|va|s
a|rcraft owned by the company
t|mes a|rcraft take off and |and
company owned by another
parent company
ScotA|r's recent performance trends |n
the passenger a|r trave| |ndustry
AS1 LAk
1nIS LAk
prof|ts
tota| of a|r||ne
passengers
percentage of
the market
a
1
b 4
c
3
e
2
d
S
f 6
Descr|b|ng trends
fa|| decrease go down grow
go up r|se |ncrease shr|nk
|ncrease
grow
go up
r|se
decrease
shr|nk
go down
fa||
get sma||er
|ncreased decreased
grew
shrunk
went up went down
rose fe||
ro[ect p|ann|ng terms
W o Lhe maLchlng acLlvlLy lndlvldually
1 resources a a part|cu|ar per|od of t|me dur|ng the
deve|opment of someth|ng
2 m||estone b a spec|f|c t|me or date by wh|ch you
have to do someth|ng
3 green ||ght c someth|ng such as money workers
or equ|pment that can be used to
he|p an |nst|tut|on or bus|ness
4 dead||ne d the off|c|a| approva| to go ahead w|th
someth|ng
S phase e an event or ach|evement that marks
an |mportant stage |n a pro[ect
|sten|ng for g|st
W Whlch klnds of envlronmenLal problems are
assoclaLed wlLh alrcrafL?
W vocabulary
alrfare /refe(r)/(n)
po||ut|on
no|se
us|ng |and to bu||d runways
the money that you pay to
trave| by p|ane
|sten|ng for g|st
W rob|em
W So|ut|on
a|rcraft no|se
no|se w||| get worse as the av|at|on
|ndustry grows
a 's||ent p|ane' w|th eng|nes above |ts
w|ngs
|sten|ng for deta||
1 1he number of |nternat|ona| a|rports |s __________
2 1he number of peop|e who are sub[ected to a|rcraft no|se |s
______
3 As the cost of a|rfares __________ the demand for f||ghts
_______
4 We are a|m|ng to ________ the no|se |eve|s by 90
S Wh||e costs are ________ unfortunate|y our |eve| of
fund|ng |s _________
6 1h|s wou|d ________ the ut|||zat|on of the a|rcraft and at
the same t|me _________ your overa|| costs
7 1hat means that the |oca| economy wou|d ______
|ncreas|ng
r|s|ng
goes down
goes up
decrease
grow|ng
|ncrease
decrease
grow
shr|nk|ng
|sten|ng for deta||
W
Ianuary Apr|| Iu|y Cctober Ianuary
10000
9000
8000
7000
6000
S000
4000
3000
2000
1000
Descr|b|ng trends
W aLher ln 3 groups A's 's and C's
W Ludy Lhe graphs
W eywords
Llmellne
prlorlLy
phase
deadllne
leak
hole
a ||ne wh|ch show key dates
someth|ng wh|ch |s g|ven |mportant
one part|cu|ar t|me |n the deve|opment of
someth|ng
a spec|f|c t|me that sth must be f|n|shed by
where ||qu|d or gas comes out of a ho|e or crack
a space |n the surface of sth
Grammar
resent cont|nuous
adverbs
present s|mp|e pass|ve
resent cont|nuous
1 ls golng
2 ls growlng
3 are changlng
4 are reduclng
3 are reallslng
6 ls growlng
7 are golng up
8 ls lmprovlng
9 are falllng
10 are lncreaslng
Adverbs of manner
Lell us how sLh happens
modlfy verbs
comes afLer Lhe maln verb
lormlng
W add _ Lo Lhe ad[ecLlve
Lg careful carefully
W when an ad[ ends ln y replace wlLh lly
Lg happy happlly
W some excepLlons
Lg good well
CompleLe Lhe senLences uslng adverbs of
manner
1 @here ls a slow decrease ln sales of Lobacco aL Lhe momenL
@obacco sales are decreaslng ______
2 @here was a qulck growLh ln Lhe organlc foods markeL lasL
monLh
@he organlc foods markeL grew ______ lasL monLh
3 l Lhlnk Lhere wlll be a sharp rlse ln Lhe share prlce of Pusseln
olar ower lc very soon
l Lhlnk Lhe prlce of shares ln Pusseln olar ower lc wlll rlse
______ very soon
sIowIy
quickIy
sharpIy
CompleLe Lhe senLences uslng
adverbs of manner
4 Lveryday Lhere ls a sllghL lmprovemenL ln our producLlon
process
Cur producLlon process ls lmprovlng ______ every day
3 Cur sales ln !apan are very good aL Lhe momenL
Cur producLs are selllng very ______ ln !apan aL Lhe momenL
6 @here ls a sLeady fall aL Lhe momenL ln Lhe amounL of wasLe
produced by our facLory
@he amounL of wasLe we produce ls falllng ______
sIightIy
weII
steadiIy
Comp|ete the descr|pt|on be|ow of the process
for manufactur|ng Dr nauschka's kose Cream
1 Around 130 people __________ ln Lhe producLlon of r
Pauschka's 8ose Cream
2 @he plans _________ under sLrlcL organlc condlLlons ln Lhe
company's own pesLlcldefree garden
3 @hey ________ for a year under speclal condlLlons before Lhey
______ Lo Lhe laboraLory
4 All r Pauschka's producLs ________ by hand noL by
machlnes
3 @he rose cream ____________ all over Lhe world and _______
ln over 40 counLrles
are invoIved
are grown
are stored
are sent
are made
is distributed
is soId
Descr|b|ng a trend
1he market share |s |ncreas|ng
every year
1he share pr|ces are fa|||ng
rap|d|y
Lff|c|ency of product|on |s
|mprov|ng
Sa|es of w|dgets are go|ng up
every year
1he pr|ce of petro| |n Austra||a
|s |ncreas|ng s|ow|y
Descr|b|ng a process
W saw mlll
W Lrunks
W log
a bu||d|ng where wood |s cut to make boards
the centra| part of a tree
sect|on of a tree trunk
1 1rees are cut down
1hree trunks are cut |nto |ogs
2 1he |ogs are transported to the saw m|||
3 Cha|rs are made from the wood
4 Cha|rs are so|d |n furn|ture shops
!resentation-signposts
and stepping stones
resentat|on
Why do peop|e
g|ve
presentat|ons?
Most |mportant
th|ngs to remember
when mak|ng
presentat|on
sa|es or product
academ|c about a
product
at a [ob |nterv|ew
nave you ever
g|ven a
presentat|on?
Lxper|ences?
we|| prepare
d|v|de the presentat|on
|nto sma|| parts
use v|sua| a|ds graph|cs
use body |anguage
ma|nta|n equa| eye
contact w|th aud|ences
don't speak too qu|et|y
Ltc
S|gnpost|ng |anguage
W uL Lhe words ln Lhe lllusLraLlon ln Lhe correcL
order useful presenLaLlon language
I'd ||ke to start by
|rst of a||
Mov|ng on to
et's go back and |ook at
I'd ||ke to f|n|sh by
Are there any quest|ons?
1hank for com|ng
|sten|ng for deta||
1 What |s Son|a's [ob?
2 When was the b|ggest fa|| |n sa|es f|gures?
3 Why d|d the sa|es |ncrease |n September?
4 What |s the name of the new mode| that Son|a
|ntroduces?
SuIes munuger ut MDC Wood
June
ecuuse the weuther wus u IittIe better
STQ Luury ModeI
|sten|ng for deta||
1. I'd like to start by
2. First of all
3. After that
4. Moving on to
5. Let's go back and look
at
6. I'd like to finish by
a) we'll look at how this
has affected our share
prices
b) our share prices: the
next slides shows us .
c) giving you a short
overview of today's
presentation
d) showing you how we
aim to reach this
target
e) we're going to look at
the sales figures for
the last two years
f) the first slide again
Instruct|ons and procedures
for an exh|b|t|on stand
1nANk Ck CUk
A11LN1ICN!