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SURGICAL CLOTHES
PRESENTED BY:

TALHA SALMAN
07-NTU-101 FABRIC MANUFACTURING 6th SEMESTER
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HIGH-TECH SURGICAL GOWNS AND SURGICAL MASKS

Safety, Comfort, Sustainability & Cost Effectiveness

Medical Textiles

Medical textiles is an emerging sector of technical textiles industry and its growth is increasing due to constant improvements in healthcare as well as innovations in the textile field. They are one of the major end-uses of nonwovens industry.
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Applications

Gowns & drapes, wraps and packs, Contamination control gowns, Examination gowns, Disposable caps, Disposable shoe covers, Sterile packagings and dressings, Bed linens, Mattress insulators

SURGICAL GOWN/MASKS ?

Surgical Gown Gown/Masks worn by a member of a surgical team to prevent transfer of infective agents

TYPES
1.
2.

DISPOSABLE REUSABLE

NEED OF SURGICAL GOWNS

Surgical gowns, surgical drapes and clean air suits are used:
to

protect patients and hospital staff from wound infections. to protect nurses, surgeons and the surgical team from liquid contaminations. to diminish the risk to the operating staff from blood-borne infective agents carried in blood or body fluids.
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TEXTILE MATERIALS FOR DISPOSABLE

Textile materials used for these fabrics include: Single use disposable textile fabrics include: Spun lace (combination of polyester fibers and cellulose) & Polypropylene or polyester SMS (3-layered structure of fibres, in the sequence Spun bond - Melt blown - Spun bond)
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TEXTILE MATERIALS FOR REUSABLE

Polyester, Cotton & Linen are the textile fibers for reusable gowns Surgical textiles are regulated by EN 13795 series of standards in Europe Surgical gowns, drapes and clean air suits are made to completely cover the surgeon's front and back as well as his arms

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PROPERTIES OF TEXTILE MATERIAL

Requirements of textile material for medical applications

Biocompatible Good resistance to alkalis, acids and microorganisms Good dimensional stability Elasticity Free from contamination or impurities Absorption / Repellency Air permeability
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MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUE OF SURGICAL GOWN

WET LAYING & SPUNLACE BONDING

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WET LAYING

Wet-laid nonwovens are nonwovens in which fibers to be used are suspended in water.
A major objective of wet laid nonwoven manufacturing is to produce structures with textile-fabric characteristics, primarily flexibility and strength.

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WET LAYING

There are three characteristic stages in the manufacture of nonwoven bonded fabrics by the wet-laid method

1.

Swelling and dispersion of the fiber in water; transport of the suspension on a continuous traveling screen.
Continuous web formation on the screen as a result of filtration. Drying and bonding of the web

2.

3.

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Line Diagram

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MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUE OF SURGICAL GOWN

SPUN LAID BONDING TECHNIQUE Polymer to fabric in one stage After Extrusion, drawing , a batt form is produced

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Principle of spunlace bonding

Spunlace or hydroentanglement is web bonding technology, which uses fine, high pressure jets of water to cause the fibres to interlace. Water jet due to high kinetic energy reorientates fibers according to the shape of the support screen.
support screen

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SPUNLACE PROCESS
Water circulation Support screen (drum or belt) Drying system

Water jets

Winding Fibrous web Water purification

Water suction zone

Dewatering system
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Features of SPUNLACED FABRIC

Very

good textile drape (low stiffness) and very soft handle

Strenght

is much higher than after mechanical needling (for the some area weight); similar to woven textiles surface due to more fine interlacing of fibers.

Uniform Very

high textile production: up to 500 m/min for wetlaid and spunbond (meltblown); textile width up to 6000 mm.

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SPUNLACE PATTERNS

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TERMINOLOGY

Cleanliness- Freedom from particles that are contaminating a material and can be released but are not generated by mechanical impact Critical Product - A product area with a greater probability to be involved in the transfer of infective agents to or from the wound, e.g. front and sleeves of surgical gowns Drape ability - Ability of a material to conform to a given shape or object Infective Agent - Micro-organism that has been shown to cause a wound infection or that might cause infection in a member of the surgical team or the patient Linting - Release of fiber fragments and other particles during 21 handling and use

REUSABLE GOWNS
Advantages

Dis-Advantages

Lowest microbial barrier Mechanical resistance Drape ability Comfort Minimization of biomedical waste. Substantial cost savings. Clinician preference for reusable Materials (e.g. comfort, color, feel, etc.) More environment friendly Consistent quality

Washing residues Washing costs (laundry) Highest linting Highest liquid penetration.

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DISPOSABLE GOWNS
Advantages

Dis-Advantages

Higher microbial barrier Lower liquid penetration Lowe linting Comfort Minimisation of biomedical waste Better quality control & consistency Easiness of use No washing No risk of contamination Very little rejections.

Barrier to change to new draping system Increased bio-medical wastes Less environment friendly Less clinical preference Disposal costs (landfill/incineration) More costs due to single use Poor drapeability Lower mechanical resistance 23 Not reusable

STRENGTH

The strength of surgical textiles is especially important because they are subjected to high mechanical stress levels when used Even the best possible barrier properties are of little use if the material tears or bursts during use In the standard, strength is measured in two ways : + bursting strength + tensile strength Reusable products perform better in both categories
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BURSTING STRENGTH

Bursting strength describes the strength of the product in all directions of the material Heavy mechanical action, e.g. bent arm at elbow It is measured in a dry and a wet state

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TENSILE STRENGHT
Resistance to tearing describes the strength of the product in the longitudinal (machine or warp) and horizontal direction (weft) For example, as surgeon bends forward, the gown can be stretched in different directions at shoulder and back It is measured in a dry and a wet state

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COMFORT

Wear comfort is not just a convenience; it is a physiological requirement It is of particular concern to the OR team, whose efficiency needs to be supported rather than impaired However, the drape should also offer adequate physiological comfort in order to benefit the patient
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Opportunities & Challenges Ahead

Opportunities Consumption is increasing rapidly Pvt. Hospital chains are growing Doctor/patient awareness for hygiene is increasing Medical tourism Challenges China has become very strong in most of Healthcare & hygiene products There are very few standards in place leading to substandard quality products being used.
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THANK YOU

THE END

TALHA SALMAN 07-NTU-101