Ns. Rinik Eko Kapti, S. Kep. M. Kep.

Child

unique Not adult Dependent Growth and development in healthy and sick condition

 The

family is the constant in a childs life. Parents are experts in their childs care and know more about their child then we can ever learn through assessments or charts. The family is also the childs main source of support providing stability in what can be an otherwise traumatic period in a childs life. The presence of the family during health related procedures can significantly reduce both the childs and parents anxiety

 Nurses

must work with the family to develop the best plan of care for a child. Decreased anxiety from the patient and family decreases the stress on healthcare workers, positively affecting their ability to provide treatment. In essence the nurse must attend to both the needs of the family and child in order to maximize a childs outcomes.

 Pediatric

care has adopted the philosophy of a family-centered care approach in order to maximize the well being of pediatric patients. The philosophy is founded on the collaboration of the family, nurses and hospital staff to plan, provide, and evaluate care. The philosophy is grounded on several principles that revolve around the central idea that the family is the constant in a childs life

Family-centered care is a model of health care delivery that emphasizes providing information, giving parents control over decision making, and respecting and supporting parents (King, King, osenbaum, & Goffin, 1999). Family-centered care is a model of health care in which families and medical professionals work collaboratively to determine the content and process of childrens health care services (Letourneau & Elliott, 1996; Macnab, Thiessen, McLeod, & Hinton, 2000; Woodside, Rosen-baum, King, & King, 2001). Family-centered care is an approach to healthcare that shapes health care policies, programs, facility design, and day-to-day interactions among patients, families, physicians, and other health care professionals.

 Family-centered

care emerged as an important concept in health care, at a time of increasing awareness of the importance of meeting the psychosocial and developmental needs of children and of the role of families in promoting the health and well-being of their Children. Family-centered care has long been a characteristic of an effective medical home. Much of the early work focused on hospitals.

 Respect
Information Participation Colaboration

(Institute for Family-Centered Care (2009))

Respecting each child and his or her family Honoring racial, ethnic, cultural, and socioeconomic diversity and its effect on the familys experience and perception of care Recognizing and building on the strengths of each child and family, even in difficult and challenging situations Supporting and facilitating choice for the child and family about approaches to care and support Ensuring flexibility in organizational policies, procedures, and provider practices so services can be tailored to the needs, beliefs, and cultural values of each child and family

Sharing honest and unbiased information with families on an ongoing basis and in ways they find useful and affirming Providing and/or ensuring formal and informal support (eg, family-to-family support) for the child and parent(s) during pregnancy, childbirth, infancy, childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood Collaborating with families at all levels of health care, in the care of the individual child and in professional education, policy making, and program development Empowering each child and family

 The

most important task of the nurse in fcc is to provide support to the family. There are two key components of support, these are enabling and empowerment.

Enabling refers to providing opportunities for the family to display their current skills while learning and acquiring new skills. Empowerment refers to the ability of the healthcare team to allow families to acquire a sense of control over their familys lives

 Family

presence during health care procedures decreases anxiety for the child and the parents. Recovered faster and discharged earlier Cried less, less restless, and required less medication Emotional distress, coping during procedures, and adjustment during hospitalization were controlled

 Parent-to-parent

support can increased parents confidence and problem-solving capacity. Family-to-family support can have beneficial effects on the mental health status

stronger alliance with the family in promoting each childs health and development Improved clinical decision making on the basis of better information and collaborative processes Improved success when the plan of care is developed collaboratively with families Greater understanding of the familys strengths and care giving capacities

 More

efficient and effective use of professional time and health care resources (eg, more care man-aged at home, decrease in unnecessary hospitalizations and emergency department visits, more effective use of preventive care) Improved communication among members of the health care team Greater child and family satisfaction with their health care

 Ensure

that the core concepts of family centered care are incorporated into all aspects of nursing practice. Respect for parents unique insight into and understanding of their childs behavior and needs. Decisions on a patients plan of care should be made only after such consultation with child and family has been made. Working with families in decision making and information sharing in all practice settings

 Parents

should be offered the option to be present with their child during medical procedures and offered support before, during, and after the procedure. Promote the active participation of all children in the management and direction of their own health care Share information with children and families in ways that are useful and affirming. Ensure that there are systems in place that facilitate children and families access to consumer health information and support.

Encourage and facilitate family-to-family support and networking, particularly with families of similar cultural and linguistic backgrounds or families who have children with the same type of medical condition. Health care institutions should design their facilities to promote the philosophy of familycentered care. Pediatricians should advocate for opportunities for children and families to participate in design planning for renovation or construction of hospitals, clinics, and office-based practices.

 In

the pediatric setting nurses have the additional responsibility of establishing a relationship with the family. Children are special patients and require a unique delivery of care that includes treating the family as a whole. The family-centered care philosophy can enhance patient and family satisfaction, build on their strengths, patient and family outcome, increase the nurse and healthcare staffs satisfaction, and decrease healthcare costs.

 FCC

is a process that is integral to providing quality care. It acknowledges the essential role of the patient and family as well as the importance of a partnership between the patient, family and health care providers. FCC allows patients and families to be involved in medical decision making, and it allows family member presence during procedures and resuscitations, when appropriate.

 Components

for implementing FCC include:

Developing a philosophy of FCC along with policies and procedures that incorporate patient and family input; Educating staff; and Providing a friendly environment for the patient and his or her family.