AuLlsm and LnvlronmenL

AuLlsm now Weblnar

november 22 2011
9revalence uaLa
1he naLlonal Chlldren's PealLh SLudy
publlshed ln leJlottlcs SepLember 2009
declares 1 ln 91 chlldren are on Lhe auLlsm
specLrum
CenLer for ulsease ConLrol conflrms 1 ln 100
chlldren
AuLlsm 8aLes are Colng up
Callfornla uaLa
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
140%
160%
180%
200%
220%
240%
260%
1
2
/
9
4
6
/
9
5
1
2
/
9
5
6
/
9
6
1
2
/
9
6
6
/
9
7
1
2
/
9
7
6
/
9
8
1
2
/
9
8
6
/
9
9
1
2
/
9
9
6
/
0
0
1
2
/
0
0
6
/
0
1
1
2
/
0
1
6
/
0
2
1
2
/
0
2
P
e
r
c
e
n
t

C
h
a
n
g
e
Autism
Mental
Retardation
Epilepsy
Cerebral
Palsy
http://www.dds.ca.gov/Autism/pdf/AutismReport2003.pdf
AuLlsm 8aLes Callfornla uaLa
hLLp//wwwddscagov/AuLlsm/pdf/AuLlsm8eporL2003pdf
D|agnost|c subst|tut|on Ca|||ng someth|ng
aut|sm that wou|d prev|ous|y have been |abe|ed
someth|ng e|se
D|agnost|c overs|ght peop|e we d|dn't not|ce
due to |ow awareness
D|agnost|c expans|on expanded d|agnost|c
cr|ter|a
NC kCCI that any of these
exhoustive/y exp|a|ns the numbers 4
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
140%
160%
180%
200%
220%
240%
260%
1
2
/
9
4
6
/
9
5
1
2
/
9
5
6
/
9
6
1
2
/
9
6
6
/
9
7
1
2
/
9
7
6
/
9
8
1
2
/
9
8
6
/
9
9
1
2
/
9
9
6
/
0
0
1
2
/
0
0
6
/
0
1
1
2
/
0
1
6
/
0
2
1
2
/
0
2
P
e
r
c
e
n
t

C
h
a
n
g
e
Autism
Mental
Retardation
Epilepsy
Cerebral
Palsy
0
20
40
60
80
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
A
u
t
i
s
m

r
a
t
e

(
c
a
s
e
s

p
e
r

1
0
K
Year of birth
Diagnostic substitution
0
20
40
60
80
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Diagnostic oversight
(~1.5 miIIion in U.S.,
miIIions more gIobaIIy)
0
20
40
60
80
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Diagnostic expansion
Arguments against
rate increases
laxill
Rise in Autism Prevalence v. Other Major Chronic
Conditions in US
Autism
s lL 8ecause We Pave Wlder CrlLerla
for AuLlsm?
no
lJemloloqy !anuary 2009 Changes ln docLors
dlagnoses cannoL explaln Lhe slxfold lncrease ln
auLlsm slnce 1990
Drs Irva nertz|cc|otto and Laura
De|w|che MIND Inst|tute at Un|vers|ty of Ca||forn|a at
Dav|s
1he 8ole of LnvlronmenL
1he exponenLlal rlse ln auLlsm cases wlLh ln
one generaLlon polnLs away from a purely
geneLlc orlgln and more Lowards a gene x
envlronmenL lnLeracLlon wlLh a heavy
conLrlbuLlon of envlronmenL PerLz9lccloLLo and
uelwlche
PerLz9lccloLLo and uelwlche
SLudy auLhors advocaLe a naLlonwlde shlfL ln auLlsm
research Lo focus on poLenLlal facLors ln Lhe
envlronmenL Lo whlch bables and feLuses are
exposed lncludlng pesLlcldes vlruses and chemlcals
ln household producLs(LnvlronmenLal PealLh news
!anuary 2009)
WhaL ls Lhe 1rlgger?
no slngle cause ln genes or envlronmenL
Many dlfferenL klnds of chemlcals affecL
slmllar vulnerable paLhs ln our sysLem
Many dlfferenL genes affecL Lhe same or
relaLed paLhways
MusL look aL a comblnaLlon of facLors
WhaL ls Lhe LffecL?
1oxlns before blrLh and afLer blrLh can affecL
Lhe way we Lhlnk learn process lnformaLlon
sleep and handle sLress
9eople wlLh auLlsm problems wlLh chemlcals
and allergens LhroughouL llfe noL [usL ln Lhe
senslLlve perlod of braln developmenL
Pesticide use more
than doubled
between 1964 and
1982 (USDA)
Trends in U.S. Chemical Production, 1920-1980
MaLernal 8esldence near
AgrlculLural 9esLlclde AppllcaLlons and AuLlsm
SpecLrum ulsorders
among Chlldren ln Lhe
Callfornla CenLral valley
Lrlc M 8oberLs eL al Lnv PlLh 9erspecLlves 2007
k|sk of exposed mother hav|ng ch||d deve|op
aut|sm |ncreased w|th the poundage of
organoch|or|ne app||ed and decreased
w|th d|stance from f|e|d s|tes
(Cdds rat|o 61)
0 20 40 60 80 100
TCP [chIorpyrifos]
2,5-DichIorophenoI [para-dichIorobenzene]
2,4-DichIorophenoI [2,4-D, tricIosan]
2,4,6-TrichIorophenoI [HCH, HCB, PCP]
DiethyIphosphate*
ortho-PhenyIphenoI
2-NaphthoI [naphthaIene]
DimethyIthiophosphate*
1-NaphthoI [carbaryI]
2,4-D
DimethyIphosphate*
DiethyIdithiophosphate*
DimethyIdithiophosphate*
DiethyIthiophosphate*
MaIathion diacid [maIathion]
2,4,5-TrichIorophenoI [HCH, HCB, PCP]
para-NitrophenoI [methyI parathion]
Percent of SampIe PopuIation with
Pesticide or MetaboIite in Urine
Percent
*common metaboIite to severaI OP insecticides
insecticide
insecticide
insecticide
insecticide
insecticide
insecticide
insecticide
insecticide
insecticide
herbicide, antibacterial hand soap
insecticide, wood preservative
insecticide, wood preservative
herbicide
insecticide
toilet bowl deodorizers, moth balls
toilet bowl deodorizers, moth balls
Lysol disinIectant & others
@exas aut|sm rates
by schoo| d|str|cts
1990-1993 1998-2000
PotentiaI association
between autism rates,
environmentaI mercury
other toxins in Texas
PaImer, et aI., Health and Place, 12 (2006) 203-209
AII Reporting FaciIities, AII ChemicaIs TRI-(1987-2002)
Map shows 3,683 of 48,205 facilities reporting nationwide
TotaI toxicity
Autism rates
ChemicaIs-TRI
(Toxic ReIease Inventory)
Cn average for each 1000 |b of
env|ronmenta||y re|eased mercury there
was a 43 |ncrease |n the rate of spec|a|
educat|on serv|ces and a 61 |ncrease |n
the rate of aut|sm
a|mer et a| nea|th |ace 12 (2006) 203209
nv|ronmenta||y
respons|ve genes
h|gh frequency |ow penetrance modu|at|on h|gh frequency |ow penetrance modu|at|on
of vu|nerab|||ty of vu|nerab|||ty
http]]wwwn|ehsn|hgov]envgenom]egp6htm
cell cycle
cell division
cell signaling
cell structure
DNA repair
gene expression
homeostasis
metabolism
immune and inflammatory
response
hormone metabolism
nutrition
oxidative metabolism and stress
membrane pumps and/or drug
resistance
signal transduction
Brain effects may be downstream of enetic vulnerabilities or
ene-environment interactions that affect other organs
or the whoIe system
17
Alr 9olluLlon over Chlna Alr 9olluLlon over Chlna
kesearchers L|nk LowLeve| Mercury xposure 2|nc Def|c|ency and
Learn|ng D|sorders
Use of Mercury |n the roduct|on of Synthet|c Iood Ingred|ents
Ana|yzed 10]29]09
Mlnneapolls Chlld learnlng and behavloral dlsorders are on Lhe
rlse ncreaslngly dleLrelaLed facLors llke synLheLlc food dyes
mercury conLamlnaLlon and mlneral deflclencles are belng llnked Lo
Lhese problems
1+ 1 3 ln vulnerable populaLlons
Pallmayer !uly 4
A new sLudy of Lwlns suggesLs LhaL
envlronmenLal facLors lncludlng condlLlons ln
Lhe womb may be aL leasL as lmporLanL as
genes ln causlng auLlsm
192 palrs ldenLlcal and fraLernal Lwlns
AL leasL one Lwln ln each palr had Lhe classlc
form of auLlsm n many cases Lhe oLher Lwln
also had classlc auLlsm or a mllder auLlsm
specLrum dlsorder llke Aspergers syndrome
new 1wln SLudy
denLlcal Lwlns share 100 percenL of Lhelr
genes fraLernal Lwlns share 30 percenL of
Lhelr genes Comparlng auLlsm raLes ln boLh
Lypes of Lwlns can enable researchers Lo
measure Lhe lmporLance of genes versus
shared envlronmenL
new 1wln SLudy
AuLlsm or ASu occurred ln boLh Lwlns ln 77
percenL of males and 30 percenL of females
As expecLed Lhe raLes among fraLernal Lwlns
were lower 31 percenL of males and 36
percenL of females
lound only 38 percenL of Lhe cases could be
aLLrlbuLed Lo geneLlc facLors compared wlLh
Lhe 90 percenL suggesLed by prevlous sLudles
?ou wlll see researchers paylng aLLenLlon Lo
envlronmenLal lnfluences before and afLer
blrLh
22
SclenLlflc Consensus SLaLemenL on LnvlronmenLal AgenLs
AssoclaLed wlLh neurodevelopmenLal ulsorders
n|ghconf|dence Conc|us|ons
Alcohol
Lead
Mercury
9C8s
98uLs ManganeseArsenlcSolvenLs
9APs
9esLlcldes
Lndocrlne dlsrupLors
lluorlde
lood addlLlves
nlcoLlne envlronmenLal Lobacco smoke
Where Are 1hese?
Peavy meLals alr and waLer lead palnL Loys
9vCs baby producLs elecLronlcs plasLlcs
89A Loys baby boLLles waLer boLLles
9lCs 1eflon ScoLchguard SLalnmasLer
Core1ex
9APs from burnlng fuel
9hLhalaLes baby Loys cosmeLlcs
lormaldehyde plywood some home lnLerlor
woods lLMA Lrallers
24
25
hLLp//wwwlcehorg/pdfs/Luu/LuuSLaLemenLpdf
Body Burden The Pollution in Newborns
A benchmark investigation of industrial chemicals,
pollutants and pesticides in umbilical cord blood
Environmental Working Group, July 14, 2005
10 newborns, $10,000/baby for study
hemicals and pollutants detected in
human umbilical cord blood
Mercury (Hg) - tested for 1, found 1
Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) - tested for
18, found 9
Polybrominated dibenzodioxins and furans
(PBDD/F) - tested for 12, found 7
Perfluorinated chemicals (PFs) - tested for 12,
found 9
Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and furans
(PBD/F) - tested for 17, found 11
Organochlorine pesticides (Os) - tested for 28,
found 21
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) -
tested for 46, found 32
Polychlorinated Naphthalenes (PNs) - tested
for 70, found 50
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PBs) - tested for
209, found 147
Of the 287 chemicals
detected in umbilical
cord blood:
- 180 cause cancer in
humans or animals
- 217 are toxic to the
brain and nervous
system
- 208 cause birth
defects or abnormal
development in
animal tests
http://www.ewg.org/reports/bodyburden2
See aIso: Centers for Disease ControI and Prevention. (2005) Third NationaI Report on Human
Exposure to EnvironmentaI ChemicaIs. AtIanta (GA): CDC AvaiIabIe at:
http://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport/report.htm
28
1he 8raln 8urden 8eporL Luu
n January 2010, LDD published the rain urden
report, of 12 leaders in learning disabilities
organizations will be tested for body burden, ages 29-
65
Unacceptably high levels of toxins harmful to
neurodevelopment have been found in these
professionals living in urban and suburban areas with
no known neighborhood contaminants
SLaLus of uevelopmenLal 1oxlclLy 1esLlng
for Lhe 2863 Chemlcals
9roduced ove 1 mlllloo oooJs/yeot
21.4%
0.4%
78.2%
o Data
On Developmental
Toxicity
12 Tested for
0:74developmental
Toxicity
According to EPA
Guidelines
Some Data
On Developmental
Toxicity
n Harm`s Way, www.preventingharm.org
85,000 chemicals in
the Federal inventory
2,000-3,000 new
chemicals introduced
each year
Pow Loxlc ls your baLhroom?
Cn average we each use nlne personal care
producLs a day conLalnlng 126 dlfferenL
lngredlenLs
SafeLy LesLlng looks for reacLlons llke skln
redness rashes or sLlnglng
No study of potentio/ /onqterm prob/ems for
either humons or the environment
Jhere do these chem|ca|s go?
ndusLrlal plasLlclsers such as phLhalaLes ln urine
9reservaLlves known as parabens ln breosttumour tissue
AnLlbacLerlals such as 1rlclosan and fragrance chemlcals
llke Lhe hormonedlsrupLlng musk xylene ln humon breost
mi/k
lragrances can Lrlgger osthmo
ueLergenLs ln shampoos can damage eye tissue
Palrdye chemlcals can cause b/odder concer ond
/ymphomo
Anlmal sLudles suggesL oLher producLs presenL rlsks Lo
humans
1he CockLall LffecL"
1he dally mlxlng of many dlfferenL Lypes of Loxlns ln and on
Lhe body
Pow Lhls mlghL damage healLh over Lhe longer Lerm?
Synergies
%he pesticides paraquat and
maneb together increase risk
of Parkinson's Disease
1+1=3
Biomimesis
Chemicals hijack body control
processes
e.g. endocrine disruption"
chemicals act like hormones
Breast cancer
Fibroids
Pow 9roLelns are Made
35
8lsphenol A Causes Chromosomes Lo SorL
ncorrecLly uurlng Lhe uevelopmenL of Lgg Cells 9A
PunL eL al 8lsphenol A Lxposure Causes MeloLlc Aneuploldy ln Lhe lemale Mouse"
CurrenL 8lology 13346333 2003
37
LnvlronmenLal Lxposures
/d 1hinkinqsofe be/ow thresho/d
Slngle agenL Lhreshold of LoxlclLy no evldence of slgnlflcanL LoxlclLy
aL levels found ln Lhls sLudy"
New 1hinkinqeven /ow doses con be donqerous
very low doses can have mulLlple effecLs from
alLered gene expresslon
dlsrupLlon ln cell slgnallng
hormone mlmlcs
8eal llfe exposures are complex mlxes of chemlcals LhaL lnLeracL wlLh
quesLlnnable resulLs
CeneLlc varlaLlonsmore suscepLlble subgroups
Chlldren noL llLLle adulLs more suscepLlble
wwwoursto|enfutureorg
Canary in
a CoaI
Mine
CPLu8Ln A8L vL8? vuLnL8A8LL
www.cheIorhealth.org
'The Age of Extinction and The
Emerging Environmental Health
Movement
by Michael Lerner,
http://www.commonweal.org/pubs/
lerner/articleextinction.html
Finding the Iortitude
Ior Iacing our
evolutionary challenge
nstitute for Children's
Environmental Health
www.iceh.org
Chlldren's 8ralns and Alr 9olluLlon
Llllan Calderon Mu 9hu found Alzhelmer's
llke changes ln Lhe bralns of 9 year olds
exposed Lo exLreme alr polluLlon ln Mexlco
ClLy
uamage Lo Lhe prefronLal corLex
9roblems wlLh fluld cognlLlon memory
execuLlve funcLlon especlally when Lhe Lask
also lnvolved vlsualspaLlal ablllLles
neuroblology of AuLlsm
%he normal trajectory of
neurodevelopment is altered in autism
%here are alterations in brain growth,
neuronal patterning and cortical
connectivity
Key neuroanatomic structures are
affected during early intrauterine and/or
early postnatal brain development
neuroblology of AuLlsm
Environmental factors interact with multiple
interacting genetic factors
nteractions between multiple genes cause
"idiopathic autism and exposure to
environmental modifiers may contribute to
variable expression of autismrelated traits
Pardo 2007
9erlnaLal Lxposure Lo Low Level 9C8's AlLers Wlrlng of
9rlmary AudlLory CorLex
enet @ et a| (2007) roc Nat| Acad Sc| USA 104 764676S1
normal 8esponse 9ernlnaLal 9C8
9erlnaLal 9C8
43
opyright 2007 by the National Academy oI Sciences
Lmerglng
SysLems
Approach
44
PERVASIVELY DYSREGULATED
BIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS
SociaI
Interaction
Communi-
cation
MoIecuIar
and
Sensory
SignaIing
Behaviors
Anatomy
SIeep
Sensorimotor
EpiIepsy
Somatic
Gene Environment
pienetics
i.
ii.
hat Happens
Downstream?
Cne paLhway Cenes relaLe Lo
how fasL your meLabollsm works
urning up necessary nutrients too fast
OR
Getting rid of toxins too slowly
PROBLEMS
BOTH
BIGG#
P#OBL$
Ames, . 2002. High dose vitamin therapy. m
Jnl Clin Nutr.
- cOMMO- l@J
-ottleots soottloq Jetoxlflcotloo
Chlldhood Cancers Ages 014
19712001
All leukemla
Up 32
AcuLe lymphocyLlc leukemla
Up S3
SofL Llssue cancers
Up 32
8raln Lumors
Up 63
8one cancers
Up 32
kldney cancer
Up 26
Source: National Cancer nstitute,
SEER Statistics site
http://seer.cancer.gov/faststats/
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
AII Ieukemia Acute
Iymphocytic
Ieukemia
Soft tissue
cancers
Brain tumors Bone cancers Kidney
cancer
48
EnvironmentaI Inputs:
CHEMICALS
HEAVY
METALS
TOXINS
STRESS
ALLERGENS
INFECTIONS
RADIATION
NOISE
The body's
generic reactions:
InfIammation
Oxidative Stress
The body's defense
and coping systems:
GUT LUNG$ IUN
DTOX
(Liver etc)
lnAL
CCMMCn
9A1PWA?S
Specific
diseases
DRUGS
OverfIowing
the Levees
1aklng Charge and keeplng Pope
CovernmenL 9ollcy
1esL Loxlc chemlcals aL Lrue doses
And ln comblnaLlon
Advance envlronmenLal sclence
voLe! Safer Chemlcals AcL for 1SCA reform
1he group on Lhe nexL page wenL Lo L9A
for you
Lessons from Lhe War on Cancer
8esearch on envlronmenLal cause of cancer has been
llmlLed by low prlorlLy and lnadequaLe fundlng
1here are over 80000 chemlcals used ln Lhe uS Cn|y a
few hundred have been tested for safety
CurrenL LesLlng relles heavlly on anlmal sLudles LhaL
uLlllze hlgh doses of Loxlns
SLudles fall Lo Lake lnLo accounL harmful effecL LhaL may
occur only aL low doses
SLudles are Lyplcally done on adolescenL anlmals
SLudles fall Lo assess Lhe lmpacL of ln uLero chlldhood
and llfelong exposures
SLudles focus on slngle agenLs raLher Lhan ln
comblnaLlon
20082009 Annual 8eporL
9resldenL's Cancer 9anel
1he Amerlcan peopleeven before Lhey are bornare
bombarded conLlnually wlLh myrlad comblnaLlons of
Lhese dangerous exposures 1he 9anel urges you mosL
sLrongly Lo use Lhe power of your offlce Lo remove Lhe
carclnogens and oLher Loxlns from our food waLer and
alr LhaL needlessly lncrease healLh care cosLs crlpple our
naLlon's producLlvlLy and devasLaLe Amerlcan llves"
WlLh nearly 80000 chemlcals on Lhe markeL ln Lhe unlLed
SLaLes many of whlch are used by mllllons of Amerlcans
ln Lhelr dally llves and are undersLudled and largely
unregulaLed exposure Lo poLenLlal envlronmenLal
carclnogens ls wldespread"
1aklng Charge aL Pome
Learn Lhe subsLances
8ead producL labels and food labels
1hese webslLes wlll gulde you
wwwhealLhylegacyorg
wwwlcehorg
saferchemlcalsorg
?ou can reduce chemlcal exposures [usL llke
you monlLor for caseln or gluLen
1aklng Charge n CovernmenL
SenaLor lrank LauLenberg Safer Chemlcals AcL
of 2011
Cver 230 healLh ferLlllLy workers rlghLs
envlronmenLal [usLlce clean waLer groups
worklngl Lo lncrease awareness of 1oxlc
Chemlcal SubsLance AcL reform no changes
slnce 1976!
Lmall your congresspeople Lo supporL Lhe
Safer Chemlcals AcL
rva PerLz9lccloLLo 9hu 1he Mnu nsLlLuLe aL uC
uavls
Suruchl Chandra Mu nLegraLlve medlclne
psychlaLrlsL LreaLlng auLlsm and AuPu Chlcago
uonna lerullo 8esearch 9rograms AuLlsm SocleLy
Andy ngre[as Campalgn ulrecLor Safer Chemlcals
PealLhy lamllles
LlsLen Lo AuLlsm and LnvlronmenL
on SaferChemlcalsorg
More nfo
AuLlsm and LnvlronmenL an lnLeracLlve weblnar
ln Lwo parLs urs MarLha PerberL Suruchl
Chandra Claudla Mlller An[u usman See auLlsm
socleLyorg for deLalls
PerLz9lccloLLo MaLernal exposures prenaLal
vlLamlns
LnvlronmenLal exposures quesLlons wlll become
more promlnenL ln research sLudles and
daLabases
58
AddlLlonal Sources of nformaLlon
cbooqloq tbe cootse of otlsm 8ryan !epson Mu
eolloq tbe -ew cbllJbooJ lJemlcs ken 8ock Mu
cbllJteo wltb totvloq 8tolos !aquelyn McCandless Mu
eclol ulets fot eclol klJs Llsa Lewls
vlJeoce of otm uavld klrby
9aper WhaL Causes AuLlsm Landrlgan
9aper 1he 8lse ln AuLlsm and Lhe Age aL ulagnosls PerLz9lccloLLo
PealLhy Legacyorg lncludes household Llps
CollaboraLlve on PealLh and Lhe LnvlronmenL Loxlcs u8
AAuu recorded Leleconferences AAuu Crg
Safer Chemlcals PealLhy lamllles saferchemlcalsorg many resources
lor More nfo
wwwauLlsmsocleLyorg
Au1SM Anu 1PL Lnv8CnMLn1 101
dferullo[auLlsmsocleLyorg