Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Pneumatics
Technology
DMM3623
DMM3623
What is Fluid
Power ?
Hydraulics
Hydraulic Basics
HYDRAULICS & PNEUMATICS
Fluid System
Fluid transport
HYDRAULICS & PNEUMATICS
Fluid power
Designed specifically to perform work.
Work-accomplished by a pressurized fluid bearing directly
on an operating fluid cylinder or fluid motor.
Fluid cylinder-produces a force in linear motion.
Fluid motor-produces a torque in rotary motion.
EXAMPLES
HYDRAULICS & PNEUMATICS
Dextrous hand
Advantages of using
Hydraulics
Advantages of using
Hydraulics
1. Start-up under heavy loads (Possible to start
the motor & process a job with a load
HYDRAULICS & PNEUMATICS
Disadvantages of using
Hydraulics
General Application of
Hydraulics
stick
boom
HYDRAULICS & PNEUMATICS
bucket
excavator
Sky-tram
forklift
Tilt Cylinders - are hydraulic cylinders that are mounted to the truck frame and the
mast. The tilt cylinders pivot the mast to assist in engaging a load.
The Mast - is the vertical assembly that does the work of raising and lowering the load.
It is made up of interlocking rails that also provide lateral stability. The interlocking rails
may either have rollers or bushings as guides. The mast is either hydraulically operated
by one or more hydraulic cylinders or it may be chain operated with a hydraulic motor
providing motive power. It may be mounted to the front axle or the frame of the forklift.
Prepared by Zulkifli b Ahmad @ Manap
DMM3623
Fluid Selection
Key
Equation
W
HYDRAULICS & PNEUMATICS
Specific weight γ=
V
m
Density
ρ=
V
Kinematic viscosity µ
ν=
ρ
Pressure
Continue…
up, and this air has weight. This air creates a head of
pressure that is called atmospheric pressure. A column of
air 1 square inch in cross section and the height of the
atmosphere would weigh 14.7 pounds at sea level. Thus,
the earth's atmospheric pressure is 14.7 psi at sea level.
The role of atmospheric pressure in most hydraulic
systems is significant.
Force
Pressure is defined as force per unit area.
Hence, pressure is the amount of force acting
HYDRAULICS & PNEUMATICS
F = P x A, so F = 100 kPa x 20 m²
F = 2000 kN.
Example
A lifting is to lift a load of 15kN and is to have
a system pressure of 75 bar. How large does
HYDRAULICS & PNEUMATICS
Solution:
P = F/A
A = F/P
= 15000N/(75x105 Pa)
= 0.002 m2
EXAMPLE
F2=10 kN
HYDRAULICS & PNEUMATICS
S1 d2=3 m
d1=0.5 m
S2=0.5m
F1 = ?
S1 = ?
Answer
F1/A1 = F2/A2
HYDRAULICS & PNEUMATICS
A1 = 0.1963 m2 (1 mark)
A2 = 7.0686 m2 (1 mark)
F1 = (F2/A2) x A1
= (10 kN / 7.0686 m2) x 0.1963 m2
= 0.278 kN (3 marks)
Answer
W = F.s
HYDRAULICS & PNEUMATICS
F1s1 = F2s2
0.278 x s1 = 10 x 0.5
s1 = 17.986 m (5 marks)
Sky-tram
backhoe