Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
MIDLAND
NEW MEXICO TEXAS
BASIN
Midland
~ 90 miles South Midland/Odessa SE tip of Central Basin Platform Structural high point of the CBP
DELAWARE BASIN
26,423 Acres
SHEFFIELD CHANNEL
0 25 MILES 50
North
Type of Reservoir
Highly Fractured Carbonate
Stratigraphy
1-D Interpretation
CGR HFS 5
Indicator Facies
50 meters
HFS 4
HFS 3
Fusulinid packstone/grainstone
HFS 2
11 km
HFS 5
HFS 4
Outer ramp
Production History
BOPD
Great Depression
Unitization
WWII
1945
1965
1985
2005
Gas Plant built in 1961 to recover natural gas liquids and prevent flaring
CO2 injected into the gas cap on east side of the field for pressure maintenance
Surfactant was added with produced water and injected into the reservoir to enhance oil movement
WALRUS Process
Unit Formed
90000
60000
30000
Flue gas
CO2
C1
N2
Solution gas
1926 - 1976
1976 - 1992
1992 - 2000
2000 - 2005
+ 1200
Matrix
Matrix
Matrix
Frac
GOC
WOC
WOC
+ 1050
Matrix
GOC WOC
WOC
+ 850
1926
1976
1990s
Present
Reservoir Review
So, Why Gravity Drainage?
Displacement Processes
Formation Porosity %
Yates
0 Low High
Mobilization
1) Oil drains vertically through matrix until downward movement is limited by phase mobility.
GOC
WOC
Mobilization
1) Oil drains vertically through matrix until downward movement is limited by phase mobility.
GOC
WOC
2) When vertical mobility is limited, the oil migrates laterally into fractures and is Mobilized to be available for Capture.
~17.6 MMCFD N2 Vent ~14.8 MMCFD Fuel ~3.3 MMCFD Gas Sales ~550 NGLPD
~151 MMCFD ~24,500 BOPD
~417,000 BWPD
N2 ~41%
CO2 ~30%
H2S ~3%
HC ~26%
1080
80
1060
60
1040
40
1020
20
1000 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
GOC
WOC
OCT
Well Count
Resaturation
1500
1) Resaturation is controlled by maintaining the position of the contacts 2) Goal - prevent downward movement of the oil column
1400
1300
1200
Sw
GOC = 1045
to .11
1100
1000
WOC = 1015
900
800 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
So (Oil Saturation)
Current Oil saturation Futrure Oil saturation GOC WOC
Gas
24,000 22,000
20,000
BOPD
Oil
18,000
16,000
Water
14,000
12,000
10,000
At a lower elevation and thinner column, the fracture connectivity within the oil column is reduced.
80,000
60,000 100,000
J-26 J-31 J-36 J-41 J-46 J-51 J-56 J-61 J-66 J-71 J-76 J-81 J-86 J-91 J-96 J-01
Gas (MCF)
150,000
- Reasonable match on all fluids - Major oil difference due to documented leak oil - Water match on exported water
900
-Reasonable pressure match - Discrepancy due to large difference in fluid contacts across the reservoir in late 80s and 90s
800
700
Pressure ( Psi)
600
500
400
300
1/ 1/ 26 19 1/ 1/ 31 19 1/ 1/ 36 19 1/ /3 12 40 19 1/ /3 12 45 19 1/ /3 12 50 19 1/ /3 12 55 19 0/ /3 12 60 19 0/ /3 12 65 19 0/ /3 12 70 19 0/ /3 12 75 19 9/ /2 12 80 19 9/ /2 12 85 19 9/ /2 12 90 19 9/ /2 12 95 19 8/ /2 12 00 20
1052
350
1300
300
1250
250
1200
200
-Reasonable fluid contact match based on available data early time -Very good fluid contact match late time
1150
150
1100
100
1050
50
1000 Jan-26 Jan-31 Jan-36 Jan-41 Jan-46 Jan-51 Jan-56 Jan-61 Jan-66 Jan-71 Jan-76 Jan-81 Jan-86 Jan-91 Jan-96 Jan-01 GOC OWC hist GOC Hist WOC Series7 OCT Hist OCT
Ft
1500
-Reasonable oil saturation match based on 1984 log saturation study -Projection of current matrix oil saturation
1400
1300
Elevation (Ft)
1200
1100
1000
900
800 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
So
12/31/1984 1984 Log Study 8/31/2002 1984 Ave (block)
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
Year
Vertical Placement
1400
1300
1200
1100
Areal Placement
NW portion of Field (Area with high N2 content)
1000
900
800 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
Areal
Recycle through Gas Plant and injected in SE Area
10000
Feb 05
More Efficient
Sep 04 8000 Feb 04
6000
4000
Less Efficient
2000
14000
More Efficient
12000 Sep 04 10000
Feb 05
Feb 04 8000
6000
4000
Less Efficient
2000
0 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 CUM GAS MCFPD 50000 60000 70000 80000
More Efficient
6000
Feb 04
Sep 04 5000
Feb 05
4000
3000
2000
Less Efficient
1000
More Efficient
6000 Feb 04
Sep 04
5000
4000
3000
Less Efficient
2000
1000
0 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 CUM GAS MCFPD
More Efficient
Feb 05 20000 Sep 04
Aug 05
15000
Feb 04
10000
Less Efficient
5000
0 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 CUM GAS MCFPD 100000 120000 140000 160000
Current Production
30,000 25,000 20,000
BOPD
Field response much earlier than model predicted Portion of early oil production response may be response to redistribution of gas injection
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
Year
8801 OBS
8816
8815