MCkDAN1 ] CnkCML DL MCkDAN1 ] CnkCML DL

Dye|ng of woo| Dye|ng of woo|

Jf |s mordfn
W A mordanL dye ls aLLached Lo a LexLlle flbre by a mordanL
W 1he mosL commonly used mordanL ls chromlum
W MordanL dyes are also called 'Chrome dyes"
9roper|es of Mordfn Dyes
W 1he llghL fasLness ls generally abouL 3
1he presence of Cr ln Lhe dye molecule conLrlbuLes Lo a
very good llghL fasLness
1he presence of Cr lncrease Lhe sLablllLy of chromophores
W 1he washlng fasLness of chrome dyes ls generally abouL 4 3
uue Lo large slze of Lhe dye molecules
1he range of colours are llmlLed and Lhe colour ls dull ln
appearance
Mecfn|sm of Dye|ng
W Dsually Lhe mordanL dyes can comblne wlLh cerLaln meLal
oxldes or hydroxldes Lo form dye complexes or 'lakes'
W lf Lhe dye complexes are formed ln Lhe LexLlle flbres Lhey
posses a very good weL fasLness
W ln wool dyelng chromlum salLs are malnly used and are known
as chrome dyes for wool
W ueslred properLles of mordanLs
Lconomlcal
When LreaLed wlLh flbre should able Lo form a compound
wlLh Lhe flbre and be able Lo produce coloured 'lakes'
wlLhln Lhe molecular sLrucLure of Lhe flbre
W 1he good fasLness of Lhe chrome dye ls because
ulffuslon of dye Lakes place before Lhe complex ls formed
when Lhelr slze are smaller and have good moblllLy
1hus Lhey are able Lo peneLraLe lnLo Lhe flbre
Con Con
1he formaLlon of dye complex Lakes place lnslde Lhe flbre
sLrucLure
Pence large molecules are produced whlch are lncapable
of movlng ouL of flbre sLrucLure
MeLhods of AppllcaLlon
W Crome mordfn process
1wo baLh process
Wool ls flrsL mordanLed ln a soluLlon of sodlum or
poLLaslum dlchromaLe ln presence of sulphurlc acld
Wool ls Lhen dyed
W Afer crome process
1hls ls also a Lwo baLh process
Chromlng ls done afLer dyelng
Cood levelllng ls obLalned
W uye can easlly peneLraLe and mlgraLe due Lo Lhelr low
molecular welghL
Slnce Lhe acLual shade could be obLalned afLer Lhe
chromlng sLage shade maLchlng ls a problem
(dlsadvanLage)
Advfnfges fnd d|sfdvfnfges of crome
mordfn ffer crome mefcrome process
W ln boLh chromemordanL and afLer chrome meLhods
chelaLlon Lakes place wlLhln Lhe flbre and Lherefore unlform
lnlLlal LreaLmenLs produce level dyelng
W MeLhods are lengLhy and expenslve as Lhese have 2 sLeps
W W Mef Mef crome crome process process
lL ls a slngle sLep process
uyelng may be carrled ln a slngle baLh conLalnlng
ammonlum sulphaLe
1he flbre Lakes boLh Lhe dye and Lhe chromlum and dye
meLal complex forms wlLhln Lhe flbre
1he process ls slmple slnce lL ls a slngle baLh process
1lme requlred ls less hence damage of flbre ls less
W W D|sfdvfnfges D|sfdvfnfges of of mef mef crome crome process process
9oor rubblng fasLness due Lo some dyecomplex formaLlon
ln baLh
Cnly Lhose dyes whlch have less reacLlvlLy wlLh chromlum
are sulLable for Lhe process
DISADVAN1AGLS CI CnkCML DL DISADVAN1AGLS CI CnkCML DL
W Colour maLchlng ls dlfflculL slnce process of mordanLlng
means LhaL Lhe colour bullds up gradually
W LengLhy process perlods are deLrlmenLal Lo boLh proLeln and
polyamlde flbres and raLher cosLly
W ulchromaLe salLs become polluLanLs once Lhey are dlscharged
as dyelng effluenL
W Chromlum ls banned ln some counLrles
;DLS1ICNS
W SLaLe Lhe properLles of mordanL dyes
W name Lhe flbre mosL readlly dyes wlLh Lhe mordanL dyes
W Lxplaln Lhe mechanlsm of mordanL dyelng
W Lxplaln Lhe chrome mordanL afLer chrome and meLachrome
process
W WhaL are Lhe dlsadvanLages of mordanL dyes