DEFORESTATION

A SLUMP OF GREEN EARTH

Presented By ASHUTOSH ANSHU Std - 10th A

Outline
Introduction : Definition Causes of Deforestation Effects of Deforestation - Environmental - Hydrological - Ecological Control of Deforestation Van Mahotsav Chipko Movement Legal Stand: LAW

World Forest Region Map

What is deforestation??
Deforestation is the clearance of naturally occurring forest and woodland areas and/or burning of trees in a forested area.
Examples of deforestation include conversion of forestland to farms, ranches, or urban use.

Causes of deforestation..
Commercial Logging Agriculture Roads & Railways Forest fires Mining and drilling Fuel-wood collection Residential living space

Effects of deforestation..
Vanishing Rainforests Topsoil accumulates slowly Erosion Unusable land Disastrous Flooding Desertification

End of story?

NOT!!! Effects Continued

Clearance = limited food and shelter Desertification Disappearance of ways of life Negative impact on the climate Global warming Green house effect Habitat fragmentation

Environmental problems..
Atmospheric
Deforestation is a contributor to global warming and is often cited as one of the major causes of the enhanced greenhouse effect. Tropical deforestation is responsible for approximately 20% of world greenhouse gas emissions. Trees and plants remove carbon (in the form of carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere during the process of photosynthesis and release oxygen back into the atmosphere.

Cont
Hydrological
The water cycle is also affected by deforestation. Trees extract groundwater through their roots and release it into the atmosphere. When part of a forest is removed, the trees no longer evaporate away this water, resulting in a much drier climate. Deforestation reduces the content of water in the soil and groundwater. Deforestation reduces soil cohesion, so that erosion, flooding and landslides ensue.

 Ecological effect on Wildlife

Deforestation results in declines in biodiversity. Forests support biodiversity, providing habitat for large varieties of wildlife. Moreover, forests also foster medicinal conservation. It has been estimated that we are losing 137 plant, animal and insect species every single day due to rainforest deforestation, which equates to 50,000 species a year.

 Clearing trees to build farms, cities, and homes just destroys natural habitats. It is harder for animals to just go find a new home. It takes generations to adapt to new surroundings. Some examples of animals at risk are ring-tailed lemurs, koala.

Control, so what do you do about it??

Afforestation Reducing emissions Sustainable logging New Farming methods
- high yield hybrid crops - greenhouse, autonomous building gardens - hydroponics: Technique of growing plants(without soil) in water containing dissolved nutrients

Cont
Sensitive regions as protected areas Forest management Suitably enforce legislation Education and awareness Life style changes Greater appreciation for Mother Nature

Van Mahotsav..
Van Mahotsav is an annual panIndian tree planting festival, celebrated on 5 June and even in the first week of July. During this event millions of trees are planted. It was initiated in 1950 by Mr. K.M. Munshi, the then Union Minister for Agriculture, to create an enthusiasm among people for the conservation of forests.

Cont
The main objectives of the planting of trees during Van Mahotsav are to : Help conservation of soil and soil fertility. Increase production of fruits and add to the potential food resources of the country. Provide fodder leaves for cattle to relieve intensity of grazing over reserved forests. Provide shade and ornamental trees for the landscape. Provide small poles and timber for agricultural implements, house construction and fencing. Popularize the planting and tending of trees for their aesthetic, economic and protective needs.

Chipko Movement
Issue:
Deforestation is a severe problem in northern India and local people have banded together to prevent commercial timber harvesting. The Chipko movement adherents are known literally as "tree huggers." The protestors, consisting of mostly women and their children, were called on by their leader to form a ban in order to stop the cutting of trees from the Uttarakhand region.

 Description:
August of 1994, Chipko huggers wanted to stop the construction of the dam at Tehri because the protestors claim that it will uproot trees and pose a flood threat. Today, most of the state legislators respect the peasant and their habitants. Nonetheless, to prevent future clearings, the Chipko "tree huggers" are still very Sunderlal Bahuguna active.

Legal Standing: LAW

The local laws more times than not are incongruent with national laws. Because the peasants of the hills allot a certain amount of trees to be excavated from the forests, their laws work for them; However, when the government tries to enforce their laws, more trees are excavated than the peasants desire. This makes it extremely difficult to keep an accurate count. No official treaties exist.

THANK YOU !!!

and have a green day !!!