High Voltage Engineering

Dr V Kamaraju

Principal (Retd.) JNTU College of Engineering, Kakinada & Professor & Head of Department, EEE Mahaveer College of Science & Technology, Hyderabad

High voltage Engineering

Deals with
Dielectric properties of the materials Application of insulating materials Conduction and breakdown

Insulating Materials ( Dielectrics)

Solids Liquids Gases Composite insulation( Combination of above)

High voltage Engineering

Over voltages and transients in power systems Their nature, causes, control and protection against them Testing of materials and apparatus and equipment Generation and measurement of test voltages Test procedures and specifications.

High Voltage Engineering

Nature of test voltages:
High DC Power frequency AC High Frequency AC Transient voltages Impulses- Short Duration and long duration

Why and where they occur:

During System Operation - Switching Faults and Fault Clearing External Causes- Lightning

High voltage Engineering

Insulation
Separates conductors of different potentials and also from Ground ( Zero Potential) Has leakage current due to finite conduction. Capacitive current( Charging) in AC With Time Varying currents - C dv/dt Higher dv/dt causes larger currents Insulation may fail as it can not be bear large currents.

High voltage Engineering

Capacitances in test systems and power requirements
Insulators1 to 100 pf Transformers100 to 1000 pf Switchgear Bushings, Cables1000 to >50,000 pf Power Capacitors

Test equipment requirement

Currentma (< 1A) Voltage50kV to 1MV or more Power (kVA, kW)10 to 100 kV/kW. Sometimes upto 1MVA or more

High voltage Engineering

Other Types of testing
Non Destructive testing Measurement of capacitance & Dielectric constant Leakage resistance and resistivity Loss factor in AC

Partial discharge testing

Checks insulation defects Voids in insulation Corona and internal discharges

High voltage Engineering

Testing Transformer Units: Construction kits

High voltage Engineering

DC Test Units: construction kits

High voltage Engineering

Impulse Test Units: construction kits

High voltage Engineering

Typical Measuring Resistance & Capacitor Units

Typical HV Connection Units: 200kV & 300kV

High voltage Engineering

Typical commercial testing Transformer: 600kV, 1A

High voltage Engineering

Typical commercial testing Transformer: 500kV, 0.5A

High voltage Engineering

Outdoor cascade Transformer Unit: 1800kV, 6A

High voltage Engineering

Series Resonant Test Unit: 700kV

High voltage Engineering

Cascaded Series Resonant Test Unit: 3 x 350kV

High voltage Engineering

Portable DC test set: 500kV, 5mA

High voltage Engineering

DC test set: 800kV, 30mA with discharge Resistor 3.5MJ

High voltage Engineering

DC test set: 2000kV, 10mA

High voltage Engineering

Impulse Generator: 2400kV, 72kJ

High voltage Engineering

Impulse Generator: 4800kV, 120kJ

High voltage Engineering

Impulse Current Generator: 2 x 100kV, 2 x 100kJ

High voltage Engineering

Follow-on current waveform

8/20s, 10kA

Typical Impulse Current waveforms

High voltage Engineering

Resistance Impulse Voltage Divider: 1800kV

High voltage Engineering

Damped Capacitance Impulse Voltage Divider: 4.8MV

High voltage Engineering

Typical High Voltage Laboratory with testing Transformer & Impulse Generator

THANK YOU
Questions ??? Contact: v.kamaraju@yahoo.com