Main board

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MOTHERBOARD

A look at the brains of the computer, the motherboard, and its associated components. Motherboard is a Printed Circuit Board Used to link all the components and peripherals into a unified computer.

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Types of System Boards

Nonintegrated System Board
Nonintegrated system boards can be easily identified because each expansion slot is usually occupied by one of these components.

Integrated System Board

Most of the components that would otherwise be installed as expansion cards are integrated into the motherboard circuitry.

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BACK PANEL CONNECTOR

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PS2 Mouse Used to connect a PS/2 pointing device. PS2 Keyboard Used to connect a PS/2 keyboard. Parallel Port (LPT1) Used to connect printers or other parallel communications devices. Serial Port Used t connect serial devices such as mice or (COM1) fax/modems. VGA Port Connect your monitor to the VGA port. 1394a Port Use the 1394a port to connect to any fire wire device. LAN Port Used to connect an RJ-45 cable to a Network hub or router.
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Motherboard Components
The major components of the motherboard Processor socket or slot SLMM/DLMM SOCKET chipset BIOS IDE FDD POWER SUPPLY USB AGP/PCI CMOS
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PROCESS SOCKET

PROCESS CONTROL ALL PROCESS TYPE OF PROCESS SOCKET SOCKET PIN TYPE 478 PIN SLOT PLAN TYPE PROCESS MANUFACTURING INTEL AMD ATHELON
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Chipset and Controllers Processor Two major components Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) performs Arithmetic and Logic Operations Control Unit (CU) provides the control signals for performing different operations. Cache Memory It is high speed storage memory made of Static RAM (SRAM). Two types of cache memory are L1 or the internal cache and L2 cache or the external cache.

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Memory Slots Ram is storage device Use memory chips arranged on a small circuit board. Types used SIMM SINGLE INLINE MEMORY MODULSPIN USED DIMM DUAL INLINE MEMORY MODULSPIN DDR1- 184 PIN DDR2-184 PIN DDR3-240 PIN
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Chipsets Northbridge Circuitry or chips that performs one very important function: management of high-speed peripheral communications. Ex: processor to AGP and PCIe, processor-to-memory communications... Southbridge Responsible for providing support to onboard peripherals (PS/2, Parallel, IDE, and so on), managing their communications with the rest resources of the computer.
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Expansion Slots
ISA - Industry Standard Architecture. PCI - Peripheral Component Interconnect. AGP - Accelerated Graphics Port. PCIe PCI Express.

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Expansion Slot Types

There are several different types of expansion slot: ISA: older technology, for modems and slow devices PCI: for graphics, sound, video, modem or network cards AGP: for graphics cards ---5/6/12

HDD SOCKET

TYPE OF HDD SOCKET

IDE SOCKET 40 PIN EACH IDE CONNECT TWO HDD SATA --7 PIN - 4 DEVICE CONNECT SCSI50 TO 68 PIN

FDD CONNECTOR 34 PIN

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CMOS Battery To keep certain settings when its turned off and its power cord is unplugged. These settings include the following: Date Time Memory PC keeps these settings in a special memory chip called the Complimentary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) chip.

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BIOS Chip
The most important chip on the motherboard is the Basic Input/output System (BIOS) chip. This memory chip contains the BIOS software input output peripheral device

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Power Connectors Allows the motherboard to be connected to the power supply to receive power

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P o w e r C

3 TYPE OF POWER SUPPLY

AT Advance technology 12 pin ATX-- Advance extended technology 20 pin MICRO ATX 24 PIN

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