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NATIONAL COAL MINE

GEOSPATIAL COMMITTEE
Digital Data To Reduce The
Growth of the AML Inventory
And Protect The Public
Len Meier
Office of Surface Mining
Mid Continent Regional Office

Paper was presented at the 2006 National Association of Abandoned Mine Land
Programs 28th Annual Conference, September 25-27, 2006, Billings MT.
Before the SMCRA AML Program
The Problem
• We have put over $2 billion on the ground in AML coal
mine reclamation,
• Nearly $1 billion of that completed since 1996, and yet
• The number of AML Problem Areas in AMLIS has
increased by 50% since 1996, and
• The cost to reclaim Priority 1 and 2 non-water problems
has increased from $2.4 billion to $2.9 billion,
• We have reclaimed thousands of acres of mines to such
a degree that no-one knows they were mined.
• Subsidence prevention can only be addressed in very
small areas
What’s causing this growth?

Encroachment
Of people building homes on places that need special
consideration
• Encroachment

Of national and international businesses


looking for building and development sites in
areas which they are unfamiliar
Of recreational users
into areas previously
isolated by distance
and/or barriers

•Encroachment
Encroachment

By a highly mobile society


We are not making new AML Lands

But People are Making new


Priority 1 and 2 problems on
mined areas that are not in the
AML Inventory -
- by building on and near mined
lands without proper safeguards
Factoids
• AMLIS contains 10,000 acres of unfunded
Subsidence Prone Areas (the big S).

• In the Early 1970’s, an authoritative government


agency reported that there were at least 6 million
acres of underground mined lands in the US.

• We know today that the acreage is much higher.


Springfield IL From Google Earth
1938-1939 Airphoto Showing Surface Developments and Sag Subsidence
276800 277000 277200 277400 277600 277800 278000

4413200 4413200

N
4413000 4413000

4412800 4412800

1938_AP_Sag

4412600 4412600

4412400 4412400

4412200 4412200

276800 277000 277200 277400 277600 277800 278000 Compiled by:


R.Gibson and P. Smith
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Feet IDNR- AMLRD
09.13.2006
1991 Airphoto Showing Surface Developments and Sag Subsidence
276800 277000 277200 277400 277600 277800 278000

4413200 4413200

N
4413000 4413000

4412800 4412800

1991_ap_sags

4412600 4412600

4412400 4412400

4412200 4412200

276800 277000 277200 277400 277600 277800 278000 Compiled by:


R.Gibson and P. Smith
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Feet IDNR - AMLR D
09.13.2006
Mine Map and Plot of All Suspected Sag Subsidences
276800 277000 277200 277400 277600 277800 278000

4413200 4413200

N
4413000 4413000

4412800 4412800

All sag locations

4412600 4412600

4412400 4412400

4412200 4412200

276800 277000 277200 277400 277600 277800 278000 Compiled by:


R.Gibson and P. Smith
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Feet IDNR- AMLRD
09.13.2006
1998_1999 DOQ Showing Surface Developments and Sag Subsidence
276800 277000 277200 277400 277600 277800 278000

4413200 4413200

N
4413000 4413000

4412800 4412800

1998_ap_sag.shp

4412600 4412600

4412400 4412400

4412200 4412200

276800 277000 277200 277400 277600 277800 278000 Compiled by:


R.Gibson and P. Smith
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Feet IDNR- AMLRD
09.13.2006
2005 DOQ Showing Surface Developments and All Suspected Sag Subsidences.
276800 277000 277200 277400 277600 277800 278000

4413200 4413200

N
4413000 4413000

4412800 4412800

All sag locations

4412600 4412600

4412400 4412400

4412200 4412200

276800 277000 277200 277400 277600 277800 278000 Compiled by:


R.Gibson and P. Smith
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Feet IDNR- AMLRD
09.13.2006
National Coal Mine Geospatial
Committee (NCMGC)
Formed in late 2005 by OSM, NAAMLP, IMCC and
WEIB with intent to:
• Identify and promote use of geospatial
technologies on SMCRA related projects,
• Ensure that scientifically sound geospatial
services are provided to the SMCRA community,
• Develop “coal mine data layers of national
significance” where States and Tribes may
contribute mine related data in an - agreed
upon - standard format,
• Develop a method for making mine data layers
available to the public and government at scales
appropriate to each user group.
Members
• Bill Card, OSM Knoxville Field Office
• Larry Evans, West Virginia DEP
• Rick Koehler, New Mexico Mining and Minerals
Division
• Doug Mullins, Virginia Department Of Mines,
Minerals, and Energy
• Len Meier, OSM Mid Continent Region
• Alan Wilhelm, OSM Western Region
• Vacant position, OSM Headquarters
Accomplishments of NCMGC

• Conducted its first major event in June 2006, a meeting of


the SMCRA “Coal Mining Geospatial Data Stewards” in
Denver Colorado.

– Coal Mine Geospatial Data Stewards are representatives from


each State/Tribe/OSM AML and Regulatory Program who best
understand how geospatial data are used and managed in that
program.

– Thirty five State and OSM personnel and one person each from
the mining industry and Mine Health and Safety Administration
(MSHA) attended the meeting to decide if there were common
issues we might deal with collectively.
Results of Geospatial Data
Stewards Meeting
• Identified goals for use and acquisition of geospatial
data;
• Identified roadblocks to data usage and acquisition;
• Identified the necessity of increasing public access to
certain geospatial data layers associated with mining to
protect the public from AML lands;
• Recognized the importance of national data standards
for nationally significant data layers;
• Selected two “coal mine data layers of national
significance” to begin developing data standards (surface
coal mining boundaries and underground coal mining
boundaries)
Coal Mine Data Layers of National
Significance
• GIS data layers that will provide public
benefits in the future by:
– Informing citizens, developers and community
leaders of where potentially hazards mine
features may exist,
– Informing mine safety officials of where
existing flooded mines are located
– Increasing the accuracy and efficiency of
mine permitting decisions
Isn’t this just a duplication of what
states are already doing with their State
GIS Web Sites?

No, because:
National data sets
All data in standard format making it easy for
Insurance agencies, title companies, banks and
general public to begin using
Many states have not, or will not for various
reasons, be able to post this info on the www.
If AML Fund is extended and we
keep working, why do we need
these data layers?

Remember our earlier numbers on the


% of S in AMLIS
By very conservatitive est. in 1970’s

<1 acre in 600, or .16% of underground


mined areas are in AMLIS

Yet we know all will someday subside


Reclaimed Lands Carry With Them
Limitations or Requirements for
Future Development
Reclaimed Features That May
Have Construction Limitations
Gob Piles
Slurry Ponds
Spoil Areas
Drainage Ways
Pothole
Subsidences
Reclaimed
Refuse Piles
• Nice house site and
look at the driveway
rock they left behind!

Its Not necessarily unusable

But must be used with knowledge


of what’s beneath the reclaimed
surface
The Future With Google Earth

Keota Gob Pile Feature - Coal Mine Shaft


Project Closed - 1984
Coal Refuse By - Missouri DNR
12 feet deep Dim - 6’ by 6’
18 inches soil cover Depth - 180 feet
Avg. pH 3.5 Method - Concrete Cap
Covered 1984 buried 6 feet deep
Missouri DNR

Keota Coal Mine


1927
Mine Map 026-99987
Missouri DNR, Rolla
The End

Thank You

Len Meier
OSM – MCRCC
618-463-6463
Ext. 109
lmeier@osmre.gov

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