Airborne Law Enforcement Association

FAA FAAST Conference Kansas City, Missouri Safety Management System

-------------------------------------------------------

Keith Johnson Safety Program Manager

The topic of the day

SAFETY

Whose job is it?

IHSS

Safety is most important Need to collect data

Collect flight hours Collect Serious Incident Information Expedite Accident Reporting

Increased training
Scaled check-rides based upon experience

Reduce accidents by 80% over 10-years Focus on leadership Non-punitive reporting Accountability Accidents can be eliminated

SAFETY Management
It holds the key to our future

It affects everything we do (SMS)

Every accident affects everyone

ACCIDENT ELIMINATION

Must be proactive Reached plateau

Pilots focus on flying aircraft Two person crews Focus on risk management

Adverse Trends
Identify and eliminate adverse trends Incidents - Investigate & disseminate

findings Factory emergency procedures training

Dont reinvent the wheel No new causes of accidents Copy successful organizations Accreditation Flying to higher standard

Its insane to think that doing the same thing over & over will have a different result. Why do we continue to make the same mistakes?

IHST SMS Industry Working Group

Don Arendt, PhD FAA SMS Program Mgr. Gordon Dupont CEO System Safety J. Heffernan HAI Director of Safety David Huntzinger PhD AeroSSQQ Peter Gardiner PhD. CEO So. Cal. Safety Inst. Denise Uhlin Bristow Group Keith Johnson ALEA Safety Program Manager

Why is having an SMS important?

1.Widely recognized as best practice 2.Reduces number of accidents 3.Reduces costs 4.Reduces probability of occurrences 5.Reduces severity of occurrences 6.Reduces exposure to risk 7.Increases likelihood of completing the mission

IHST SMS DELIVERABLES

SMS Toolkit & Exemplars SMS Mentoring Program SMS Promotion

30 Safety Industry-wide articles on SMS SMS PPT on IHST website 21 Industry-wide SMS presentations

Computer SMS Training Program Return on Investment Training Testified at NTSB HEMS hearing Meetings with NTSB on accident

SMS Process

Need sense of urgency at top of every organization

ICAO, FAA, IHST, HAI, ALEA, AAMS,

Operators Everyone is in the same boat

Create the Guiding Coalition - IHST Develop a Vision and Strategy Communicate Change Vision Broad-Based Action

SAFETY, TRAINING, MAINTENANCE

INFRASTRUCTURE

Consolidate gains to produce more

Phase-1 SMS

Safety & Quality Policy Safety Planning Organization Structure & Responsibilities Compliance with legal & other requirements Develop procedures & controls Safety Promotion Safety Culture Communication & Awareness Competence

PHASE-2 SMS

Emergency Preparedness & Response Documentation & Records Management Safety Risk Management Identify Hazards Analyze, assess & control Safety Risk

Safety Assurance & Internal Evaluation

Information Acquisition Analysis of data System Assessment Preventive/corrective action Management Reviews

Safety Promotion

Safety Culture Personnel requirements (competence) Training Recognition & Awards Safety Bulletins, posters, hazard reports Feedback Lessons learned

RISK MANAGEMENT Mission Standards Training Equipment Supervision Assessment Accountability Open reporting Feedback Just Culture

JUDGMENT & ACTION ERRORS

Failure to manage known risks Mission urgency & risk taking

Will to succeed

Flight profile unsafe

Crew Qualifications Aircraft Suitability Mission Requirements Environment

Judgment errors committed Failure to follow procedures Poor CRM Poor Aircraft Control
Over confidence Loss of situational awareness

What Does Having an SMS Give?

Comprehensive Comprehensive approach Corporate safety to Approach to Safety

Organizational Effective Organisation structure for for ownership of & Delivering Safety accountability for safety

Robust & effective Robust Systems safety for management Assuring Safety processes

We will now concentrate on describing the three key processes generically Once you understand these, the rest becomes more readily

Safety Culture
The essential human component of organizations You are rated, you are trained, but are you COMFORTABLE? Consists of values, beliefs, norms, legends rituals, mission goals, performance measures and a sense of responsibility to its employees, customers and the community. You cannot turn SAFETY on & off

Positive Safety Culture

Generated from top down (set the stage) Words & actions Safety in decision-making Safety as a core value I.D. its activities as high risk & high consequence Trust permeates the organization Trust is essential ingredient in safety management Employees supported making decisions in the interest of safety

Positive Safety Culture

Hazards & risks actively sought No shooting the messenger Everyone vigilant about activities People trained to recognize & respond When I.D. Investigate and mitigate Responsibility for safety is shared High performance standards established and monitored

Safety Management Training Requirements

Safety orientation for all new personnel Document competency requirements Document training requirements Have regularly scheduled safety meetings Key personnel educated on safety

TRAINING
Training is the only substitute for experience SMS training is mandatory What are the consequences of lack of training?

Lack of knowledge & skill Poor decision making Accidents Incidents Loss of support and funding &

JHSAT STUDY RESULTS

Three themes came from JHSAT study:

1.
2.Better training 3.Better Operational Oversight 4.Implementation Safety Management System

Frequency 150 100

401 173 154 112 98 87 66 26 24 24 Mission Risk Regulatory Aircraft Design Infrastructure Ground personnel 23 20 10 1

200

250

350 300

400

450

50

0
Pilot judgment & actions Safety Culture Data issues Maintenance Ground Duties Pilot situation awareness Part/system failure Post-crash survival Communications
Results of full year 2000 dataset

S P S F r eq u en c y b y P r im a r y C at eg o r y

Frequency 100 150 200 250 50

210 170 145 101 92 74 68 53

0
Instructional / Training Personal / Private Aerial Application Emergency Medical Service Commercial Operator Law Enforcement Offshore External Load iness - Company owns A/C Firefighting Aerial Observation / Patrol Air Tour Sightseeing Electronic News Gathering Logging lities Patrol and Construction

37 27 28 12 16 13 9 8 9 6 10 6 4 4

51 48 47 44 32 30 SPS Count

5 24 3 17

S P S & A c c id e n t C o u n t b y P rim a ry M is s io n

A c c id e n t Count

Introduction to the Toolkit

Contains SMS guidance material Sample SMS Manual Provides a foundation for implementing SMS IHST needs feedback Compliant FAA AC 120-92

Just Culture

A blame culture undermines open reporting A no-blame culture can undermine accountability & responsibility Defines clear lines of what is and is not acceptable behaviour If other personnel could make the same error occasionally then we must change the controls not discipline the personnel
Holding people accountable through a

disciplinary process is only relevant for: l G ro ss n e g lig e n ce l P e rsiste n t su b - sta n d a rd p e rfo rm a n ce

Just Culture Process

Start

Performance Based SMS

Rather than specify an organizational configuration or architecture, the SMS Toolkit deals with SMS Attributes. These attributes describe the performance of a successful SMS. Meeting the performance standard is what is critical the configuration or architecture is dependent on the size and scope of the operation.

The Attributes of an SMS

1) Safety Policy 2) SMS Management Plan 3) Safety Promotion 4) Document and Data Information Management 5) Hazard Identification and Risk Management 6) Occurrence and Hazard Reporting 7) Occurrence Investigation and Analysis 8) Safety Assurance Oversight Programs 9) Safety Management Training Requirements 10) Management of Changes 11) Emergency Preparedness and Response 12) Performance Measurement and Continuous Improvement

Promotion of SMS

Safety must be a core value

Procedures, practices, training &

allocation of resources

Mechanics
Websites ALEA, HAI, AAMS, PHPA,

TOPS, ICAO, AHS, FAA, Transport Canada

Benefits
Reduced costs by eliminating

accidents Insurance and performance based discounts

REWARDING SAFE BEHAVIOR

Timeliness ASAP Recipient Focus on individuals Presentation Public presentation Personalize Name on the award Possession Keep and display Value - $ not important

Success Solutions

Reinforced bad behavior breeds continued bad behavior Rationalization of the gravity of the situation seems to lessen the risk in our minds, but in reality does not Habitual rule breaking is often condoned by management when they look the other way Does complacency play a role in this issue?

FINAL THOUGHTS Can achieve our objective Industry is mobilized Only one chance to achieve objective Requires everyones commitment