How could you interpret the following Hadith?

Is it possible to solve the problems if once we adopt these principles in our life? What should we do in the modern age? Put your arguments in this regard.

The prophet (S.M.) said in a last sermon of Arafat s Mayidan that with a view to solving the problems of the mankind, I have left two things for you. You will never go astray so long as you will hold fast them. These are the Quran and the practice (Sunnah) of the prophet. How could you evaluate the various principles as laid down in Islamic Law with special reference to the modern as well as Malaysian context?

How could we address/answer this term ?

We need to address the following issues in order to answer this question: Issue I: Introduction/Background Issue 2: Discussion on the Issue/Significance of the Prophet s sermon Issue3: Evaluation in Modern Context including Malaysian Context Issue 4: Conclusion

When and Where was the Place of the FAREWELL PILGRIMAGE?

Place and Time of the Farewell Pilgrimage This sermon was delivered on the Ninth day of Dhul-Hijjah, 10 A.H. ( 623AD) in the Uranah valley of Mount Arafat in Mecca. It was the occasion of annual rites of Haj. It is also known as the Farewell Pilgrimage. How did he begin to address the meeting? After praising and thanking Allah, the Prophet (p.b.u.h.) began his words as follows:

First Message or Appeal to the People

It was an appeal to the people who attended the meeting as follows: "O People! Lend me an attentive ear, for I know not whether after this year I shall ever be amongst you again. Therefore, listen carefully to what I am saying and take these words to those who could not be present here today."

Message 2: Regarding Life and Property

O People, just as you regard this month, this day, and this city as Sacred, so regard the life and property of every Muslim as a sacred trust. Return/keep/put the life and property of other Muslims as entrusted to you to their rightful owners It teaches us to respect/esteem to the life of other peoples It also teaches us to ensure the trust of every Muslim relating to the property Treat others justly so that no one would be unjust to you.

Message3: Regarding Deeds and Rewards

Remember that you will indeed meet your LORD, and that He will indeed reckon/ calculate/Total/Count/Estimate/Figure/Add up/ ) your deeds. What does it mean? It means that you need to meet with Allah/God for your actions that you have done. Meanwhile, Allah/God has been calculating your deeds (Both good deeds and forbidden deeds) and will give rewards based on your performances towards beings on the earth.

Message 4:Riba/Interest
God has forbidden you to take usury (riba), therefore all riba obligation shall henceforth be waived. Your capital, however, is to keep. You will neither inflict nor suffer inequity. There shall be no riba. What does it mean? Riba (Interest/profit on your capital) is forbidden All riba obligations on the capital must be carried out.

Message 5: Regarding Homicide

Every right arising out of homicide in preIslamic days is henceforth waived and the first such right that I (Prophet) waive is that arising from the murder of Rabi`ah ibn al Harith ibn `Abd al Muttalib. From this case, instruction regarding homicide has been made. No homicide (Killing/Murder/Slaughter/Shooting) etc.

Message 6: Regarding Jumada and Shaban

O Men, the Unbelievers indulge in tampering with the calendar in order to make permissible that which God forbade, and to forbid that which God has made permissible. It was made based on the months of Jumada and Sha`ban.

Message 7: Regarding Devil/Satan

Beware of the devil, for the safety of your religion. He (Prophet) has lost all hopes that he will ever be able to lead you astray in big things, so beware of following him in small things.

Message 8: Regarding Rights and Duties towards Husband and Wife

O People, it is true that you have certain rights over your women, but they also have rights over you. Remember that you have taken them as your wives only under God's trust and with His permission. If they abide by your right then to them belongs the right to be fed and clothed in kindness. Treat your women well and be kind to them, for they are your partners and committed helpers. It is your right and they do not make friends with anyone of whom you do not approve, as well as never to be chastened....

Message 9: Salah/Prayers/Worship
The Prophet said that: O People listen to me in earnest, worship God (the One Creator of the Universe), perform your five daily prayers (Salah).

Message 9: Financial Obligations

The prophet said that, Fast during the month of Ramadan and give your financial obligation (zakah) of your wealth. Actually, it has been made as a compulsory for us as mentioned in the Holy Quran. We need to follow the fasting during the month of Ramadan and also follow the rules regarding Zakat of your wealth

Message 10: Perform Hajj

Perform Hajj if you can afford to which is one of the pillars of Islam. It is a compulsory pillar for the Muslim Ummah It is to be done if he/she once achieves the capability in doing so.

Message 11: Regarding Creation of Mankind and Superiority

All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab nor a nonArab has any superiority over an Arab; also a white has no superiority over a black nor does a black have any superiority over white except by piety and good action.

Message 12: Brotherhood /Never do any Injustice

Learn that every Muslim is a brother to every Muslim and that the Muslims constitute one brotherhood. Nothing shall be legitimate to a Muslim which belongs to a fellow Muslim unless it was given freely and willingly. Do not, therefore, do injustice to yourselves.

IN ORDER TO BE SUCCESSFUL WE MUST OBEY BOTH GOD AND HIS MESSENGER

Sermon: "Oh people, reflect on my words. I leave behind me two things, the Quran and my example and if you follow these, you will not fail." Quran: "And obey God and the Messenger so that you may receive mercy" (3:132).

OBSERVE THE PILLARS OF ISLAM "Listen to me carefully. Worship God and offer prescribed prayer, observe fasting in the month of Ramadan and pay the poor-due." Quran: "And establish the prescribed prayer, practice regular charity and bow down with those who bow down" (2:43). "Oh you who believe, fasting is prescribed to you as it was prescribed to those before you that you may learn self-restraint" (2:183).

DUTIES REGARDING THOSE WORKING UNDER US

"Oh people, be mindful of those who work under you. Feed and clothe them as you feed and clothe yourselves." Quran: "Act kindly just as God treated you kindly" (28:77). "God has favoured some of you over their provisions to those whom their right hand controls so that they become equal (partners) in it. Would they thus disclaim God's favor" (16:71).

MUHAMMAD WAS THE LAST PROPHET

"Oh people, no prophet or messenger will come after me and no new faith will emerge." Quran: "Muhammad is not the father of any of you men but he is God's Messenger and the Seal of Prophets. God is aware of everything" (33:40).

OUR DUTY IS TO SPREAD THE MESSAGE OF THE PROPHET (QURAN)

"All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others again (and people did). Quran: "Oh Messenger, communicate whatever has been sent down to you by your Lord. If you do not do so, you will not have conveyed his message" (5:67). Have I conveyed the Message of God to you? Asked the Prophet facing towards the heavens. The audience answered in one voice, "You have, God is the witness."