1450-1750 AP Final Review

Kate Nocca, The Ever so Slightly More Than Acceptable Chris Peek, The Ordinary but Hard Working

Questions of Periodization
1453 Constantinople falls Feudalism ends, rise of Absolutism Portugal begins exploration Center of trade moves from Indian Ocean to Atlantic Ocean Ming closes doors and ends exploration in mid 1400 s Turks take over in Russia and Southwest Asia from Mongols
(Read Bentley pages 530-533 for a recap)

Changes in Trade Technology and Global Interactions

(Read Bentley chap. 22, see mental map and COT charts)

The Linking of the Indian, Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, new sea lanes established with exploration America meets the world Biological exchanges (plants, animals, diseases and human communities) Global Economy (agricultural goods, manufactured goods and luxury items reach distant lands) Technology (maritime, printing, gunpowder, agricultural) Christianity and Islam spread Indigenous people in America suffer and are exploited Europeans flourish (colonies and open markets) Africa benefits from crops but is devastated by slave trade Established colonies in the Americas, trading posts in Africa, conquered the Philippines and East Indies, but not China, India, SW Asia or Japan
Quinine

Major Empires, Political Units and Social Systems

(See Absolute/Gunpowder Empire Snapshot)

Rise of the West and National Monarchy (Stearns reading and notes) Aztec and Inca (Snapshot and PERSIA charts) France is the model for national monarch, but compare differences to England African Kingdoms: use Songhay as example pp.621-628 (add notes on African/France comparison) Ottoman Empire details see movie worksheet (Conquest of Constantinople, Siege of Vienna 1688-89 and Harem) Russia s interaction with the West compared to others interaction with the west (See modified Snapshot) Gender: women gain political roles among elite, but not much in China and Japan (CCOT Gender)
Sunni Ali Atahualpa Louis XIV

Slave Systems and Slave Trade and other Coercive Labor

(Bentley Pages 637-642, notes from Columbian Exchange outline and Labor system reprints and Potosi)

Mita Encomienda Repartiamento Hacienda Indentured Servitude begins Plantation Systems Muslim slave trade compared to chattel slavery of Atlantic Trade

Demographic and Environmental Changes (Old to New World and Vice Versa)
(COT, Mental Map, Columbian Exchange Outline and Pages 555-560)

Introduction of diseases and their effects Introduction of animals; pros and cons New crops and techniques Comparative population trends: (Native Americans , Asians , Africans , Europeans and Europeans to America )

Cultural and Intellectual Developments (See CCOT Chart)

Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment (pages 583588 and study guide on SR & E packet and Dialectical Journal) Reformation (See Transformation of Europe: The Reformation -HBJ Reprints) Causes and impacts of cultural change (Syncretism, new races, western dominance and end of absolutism) Changes and continuities in Confucianism (NeoConfucianism, self-sufficiency, merit system stressed more, focus on self-discipline, filial piety, traditions etc) Major developments and exchanges in art: Renaissance, Chinese, Mughal and Ottoman contributions

Diverse Interpretations
Modernization (Diamond reading on The Encounter and thoughts on why the west came to dominate) Compare world economic system of 1450-1750 to 600-1450 (see Mental Maps from both periods and COT Charts)