Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Presented By:Onkar Prasad Sanjit Kumar Sonal Kumar Arun Lall Gupta Prateek Vidyarthi Abhisekh Rajpurohit Alok Kumar Pragati Singh
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ECONOMIC HIGHLIGHTS
Social Demographics
Population: 1.03 billion (2001 Census) of which about 28% reside in
the urban areas. Increasing trends of urbanization with mass migration towards cities.
Young
population with median age around 24.9 years. Approximately 54% of the population aged 24 years and below.
an emerging middle class with growing purchasing power, providing necessary impetus for growth of consumerism.
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Strong macroeconomic fundamentals backed by sustained growth. Services sector accounts for around 6570% of the GDP. One of the most attractive destinations for FDI globally. Indication of strong investor confidence. Progressive measures towards Deregulation and Globalization leading to global integration. Financial sector reforms backed by robust regulatory and prudential norms leading to a well-developed banking system and vibrant capital market. Indias Mega-Cities of Mumbai & Delhi will be the words 2nd and 3rd largest cities by 2015. Jones Lang LaSalle.
as compared to 8% during 2009-10. (CSO Estimates) sector grew at 9.6% during the period.
spurt in food prices during the year mainly due to supply side bottlenecks. Phased exodus from expansionary monetary policy towards monetary tightening so as to curb mounting inflationary pressures.
from a peak of US$ 118.4 billion during 2008-09. compared to US$ 252 billion (March, 2009)
HOUSING CONDITIONS
Housing Stock
As per Census 2001, total housing stock in India was about 249
29% of the housing stock was in the urban areas and 71% in
Housing shortage in India has witnessed an increasing trend over the years. The housing shortage in urban areas at the beginning of 2007 is about 24.71 million units and is likely to go up to 26.53 million units by 2012. In rural areas housing shortage is estimated to reach 47.43 million units by 2012. 99% of the shortage in urban areas pertains to Economically Weaker Sections and Lower Income Groups. As per the Report of the Committee on Slum Statistics/Census, GOI, the slum population in 2001 was 75.26 million (26.31% of the urban population). One out of every four persons reside in slums in Indias cities and towns with the proportion of population living in slums and squatter settlements significantly higher in metropolitan cities. Slum population is expected to increase to 93 million by 2011 and 104.6 million by 2017.
Stakeholders in Housing
Stakeholders Extent of Participation Focus Areas Policy formulation and implementation of special programs for EWS/LIG sections Supportive and environment conducive Government Central and Formulating and State Level implementing policies and programs particularly for the EWS/LIG sections Monitoring and evaluation exercises Public Sector
Housing Boards, Provision of land and basic Development Authorities, infrastructure Public Agencies, Municipal Focus on EWS/LIG/MIG Corporations etc. housing Developers Builders Construction Companies Self Builders sub-contracting Cooperative societies Integrated Township Development particularly in metro and semi-metro areas. Focus on MIG/HIG segments Individual houses Cooperative societies Self Help Groups
Private Sector
Individuals/SHGs/NGOs
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Housing has direct impact on employment and income generation An engine for Equitable and Balanced Economic Growth. Impact in terms of Improved habitat, Living, Educational, Social and Cultural standards leading to Human Capital Formation and thereby the future Income capabilities. Improved productivity leads to enhanced Income, Savings and Repayment potential on sustainable lines. Sustainable Human Settlement: An Effective tool towards Financial Inclusion with Financial Stability and Social Inclusion
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there were very few takers of housing loans and no support for formalized institutions.
Since 1988, number of HFCs have increased in the public as well as the
Commercial Banks, which were initially reluctant to lend, are now into
Low interest rates, rising disposable income, stable property prices and fiscal
Increase in market share of Banks from 31% in 2000-01 to over 60% in 2008-
09; the growth is mainly attributed to their large network, access to low cost deposits and equity support from Govt. which have helped in offering home loans at lower rates of interest.
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Key Trends
Sustained growth in recent years with a CAGR of around 21% during
2003-11 supported by a prudent regulatory regime and robust performance of Banks and specialized HFCs. NPAs comfortably low. risk.
major challenges for the low and moderate income population. Resultant shift in market focus towards Affordable Housing. from 3.4% in 2001 to 7.25% in 2007. However, continues to be abysmally low compared to other countries.
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4691
$ 59 billion
3670
4038
3212
902
1092
1268
1532
1807
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011*
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*Provisional
3,500
$ 34 billion
3,000
$ 27 billion
1,817
2,500
$ 23 billion $ 19 billion
1,520
Total
1,327 1,197
2,000
$ 17 billion
1,017 860
Banks HFCs
1,500
$ 9 billion
$ 12 billion
764
1,000
$ 5 billion $ 4 billion
414 504 182 56 126 232 86 146 236 178 328 209 260 274 317 413 537 700 586 784
500
484
575
712
0 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11*
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*Provisional
Institutional Hierarchy
Kind of Institutions All India Institutions NABARD Level Financial such as NHB, Regulator Reserve Bank of India Target Groups Refinancing Institutions catering to all segments of the society with particular focus on EWS/LIG and rural sections. All segments of society in both urban and rural areas. Initiated major steps towards linking the informal sector with the formal sector.. Dedicated institutions which lend towards housing. Catering largely to the middle and higher income groups particularly in the urban and semi urban areas, they have limited presence and reach in rural areas. Deep presence across the country, particularly in the rural areas, however, has had limited success in lending for housing due to poor financials. Recent foray into housing particularly in respect of home improvement finance for the poor and lower income segments.
Banks including Regional Rural Banks, State Co-operative Banks and Foreign Banks
Microfinance Institutions/NGOs/SHGs 16
Governance
Housing Finance Companies promoted and regulated by National Housing
Bank.
Banks regulated and supervised by the Reserve Bank of India. Cooperative sector institutions adopt norms as defined under the Registrar
of Co-operatives Societies registered in each State. Resultantly, such institutions can have varied norms depending upon the State laws etc.
Regulatory bodies under their respective acts also frame guidelines and
directions on areas such as lending norms, prudential norms, provisioning requirements, asset quality and capital, asset liability management, customer guidelines, fair practice codes, anti-money laundering requirements of capital, etc.
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Average LTV Ratio Average IIR Loan Size Loan Tenure Interest rates
Maximum 80% Maximum 40% Average size INR 0.4-0.5 million Maximum 20 years Linked to Base Rates and are usually competitive on account of low borrowing cost. Both floating and fixed being offered.
Maximum 75% Maximum 35% Usually up to INR 0.05 million Maximum 5 years Usually higher than other institutions on account of higher costs. Only fixed rates of interest offered. Mortgage of the property financed/Group Guarantee etc Not available Not insisted upon
Security/Collateral
Maximum 2% Maximum 2%
dwellers, not only lack access to housing and housing finance in the formal sector.
In India, about 23.1% of the urban population reside in slums where
the quality of housing stock and basic amenities like potable water, sanitation, sewerage etc. is extremely poor.
Around 99% of the housing shortage of 24.7 million at the beginning
of the 11th plan period pertains to the EWS and LIG segments.
Initiatives have been taken by the Govt. and formal and informal
institutions, particularly targeting the neglected segments like the EWS/LIGs etc.
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Alleviation Promote & enhance the role of Government as facilitator and regulator Focus on habitat with regional planning approach Earmark land for EWS/LIG groups Focus on governments social housing schemes so as to increase affordable housing Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal Program Basic Services to the Urban Poor Integrated Housing and Slum Development Indira Awas Yojana Cash subsidy scheme for rural BPL families Impetus on Affordable Housing Interest Subsidy Scheme for Housing the Urban Poor 1% Interest Subvention Scheme
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Urban Poverty
Institutional framework
It can be segregated into three categories
Public Sector Finance Banks Private Sector Finance
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a. b. c. d. e.
HUDCO (Housing and Urban Development Corporation Ltd. LICHFL (Life Insurance Corporation Housing Finance GICHFL (General Insurance Corporation Finance Ltd. PNBHFL (Punjab National Bank Housing Finance Ltd. SBIHF (State Bank of India Housing Finance)
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BANKS
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HDFC (Housing Development Finance Corporation) DHFCL (Dewan Housing Finance Corporation Ltd.) GHFCL (Global Housing Finance Corporation Ltd.) BHFL (Birla Home Finance Ltd.) Maharishi Housing
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population.
To operate as a principal agency to promote housing finance institutions both at local and regional levels and to provide financial and other support incidental to such institutions and for matters connected therewith shall act on business principles with due regard to public interest. (National Housing Bank Act, 1987)
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debenture and
securities.
y Research and surveys on construction techniques and other
studies
y Formulation of one or more schemes. y Coordination with LIC, UTI and GIC y Act as a an agent of the central Govt.
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Housing Bank.
y Power to acquire rights y Access to records or power to inspect y Advisory services y Funds
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THANK YOU