By Ramesh Kumar Ex DRDO Scientist www.rameshkumar.co.

in

AREAS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Problems Around Us Free School Education for All Reforms in Governance Economic Reforms New Political System Migratory labor- Reforms required Compulsory Military Training or Rural Work Implementation of Reforms
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Problems Around Us
We are passing through state of insecurity , we are out today morning to

work place and we do not know if we will be back safe. The fear of road accidents, the fear of terror strikes, and the fear from attack of robbers and criminals and even the passer by hot tempered bike rider is always in the mind. The mess of traffic witnessed during daily commuting to office in NCR and most metro towns in India ,shows failed systems and poor planning by our governments. The poor condition of roads ,excess burning of fuel and maintenance of vehicles due to poor roads has become a part of our life . Roads are made without planning for sewerage and drainage. The builders develop colonies while there is no provision for drainage, sewerage ,drinking water , adequate electricity by local municipal authorities. The power supply is often erratic and leads to frequent breakdown of electrical appliances. The frequent hike in bank interest rates and frequent hike in fuel prices has made miserable life of public who is a mute spectator always at receiving 05/14/12 By Ramesh Kumar , www.rameshkumar.co.in end .

We do Nothing
The increasing cost of school and college education takes away a major

income of parents. The govt health services are in very bad shape . The political system in country has reached lowest moral values with lot of criminals into the political system govt. A large population lives in slums under very bad conditions . The Chinese threat is escalating everywhere, whether it is across borders or Indian Ocean or through Indian Telecom Networks run By Chinese cos. They have already access to our Telecom Networks through their companies . Chinese are increasing their infrastructure on borders and also over Indian Ocean thus threatening security in the region. But our govt is sleeping and makes no reaction . We are not able to stop influx of migrants from Bangladesh. We do nothing to change the system and prefer to suffer. We are 1200 million and yet we cannot think how to change the system. We have millions of graduates, engineers, doctors and lawyers but no one wants to change the system and prefer to suffer at mercy of bureaucracy which is puppet in hands of politicians. 05/14/12 By Ramesh Kumar , www.rameshkumar.co.in 4

The Remedy
We donot expect any change in our life due to the inept politicians,

bureaucrats ,and administrators How long this will go?

This write up explores various ways in carrying out changes for effecting

achievable solutions. Some of the key areas being touched are -Education, Governance, Politics, Economics etc
The Civic Society must form a Core Team of Experts and must examine the

suggestions and ideas given in various fields .

Some of the ideas may look crazy, but they have to be implemented today or

tomorrow. At the end implementation options are given on how the ideas can be implemented.
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REFORMS IN EDUCATIONFree School For All Nationalization of Schools

The education is backbone of a society

.Unfortunately the education system prevailing in India is good only for rich and urban middle class population as they can afford pay high fees of public Schools . The major poor and rural population is dependent upon government schools which lack poor infrastructure and poor quality .
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Public schools a menace

Public Schools charge capitation fees, which go

unaccounted leading to generation of black\ Money. School Fees are very high . Compels parents to work hard to earn to afford high school fees. Both wife and husband have to work to survive. Private /Public Schools in small towns lack proper infrastructure like space, play ground, library & inadequate laboratory Facilities. Often schoolteachers exploit children by offering Tuitions Compulsory. Drivers of buses carrying students are found to be Illiterate & behave rudely. They drive buses rashly.
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MAD RUSH FOR TUITIONS

Parents have to work hard to earn to meet high cost of schooling. The parents are forced into never ending lust for career build up of their

children right from class VIII onwards. The children are put on stress. They have to face competition from class VIII to get subjects of their choice from class IX. Then they are forced to prepare for competitive exams for IIT or Medical. The world of IIT competition and business industry to prepare students for IIT entrance exam is another mad rush created by our society. The people connected with this are earning money to train students for intelligent solutions and reasoning to excel in entrance exams. The talent, the manpower and the money spent on such competitions is total waste from a nation growth perspective. It does not help nation in any form, except few students who are finally selected and money spinners who manage the tuitions industry. The talent pool available could be better used in scientific labs to work on fundamental sciences which our country lacks today.
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The

Remedy

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Uniform and Free School Education --------Towards a better world

Just imagine there are no private and public schools. There are no

schools for rich and elite. There is only one school system run by government. Everybody rich or poor has easy access to school admissions, whether one is in small village or small town or metro city. The children study under a common dress code. If such a system exists then automatically we land up with society that will give equal opportunity for one and all. The complete schooling upto 10th Class will be free fro all . If school system also permits to have value added education by teaching human religion, Nature cure and Yoga Science, Moral Science and value for ones nation, then the children coming out from such schools will lead to a casteless society. A new society will be formed which will be casteless and more tolerating, understanding and knowledgeable. Such model schools can be pillars of a better world. This is the only way to get out of castes clutter created by our politicians. Let us all unite and fight for a uniform and free education system and a castless society. Let us create our future generations based on new safe world of equality. Kumar , www.rameshkumar.co.in 05/14/12 By Ramesh 10

Funds for Free Education

Raising of funds for free education cannot be a

problem if we start Social Security Fund which gets contribution from employees once they get employment as is the trend in most of European countries. Major funds will also come from educational cess from profit earning business cos. The regular employees contribution goes to State Social Security fund which in turn provides free education and health to all citizens. This is a wise situation for both citizens and govt which provides good services through peoples own money.
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REFORMS IN HIGHER TECHNICAL EDUCATION

The quality of engineers being produced by colleges in Asia and

poor countries are very poor . They have poor hands on experience and also lack in depth theoretical analysis . Most of teachers are aged and lack latest tools and technology . The graduate lack computational models and simulation techniques for any design whether it is civil engineering or mechanical engineering or electronics . The designs can be evaluated on computer and tested before making a prototype . Our teachers lack simulation and modeling skills . The way out is massive training of young teachers in advance countries on design methods and latest teaching tools of their subjects . The academic atmosphere has to be made professional and result oriented . The participation of academics with industry and R & D is must .
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ARRESTING CORRUPTION
The major reason for rise in levels of corruption is lack of

transparency, Tedious Rules and Regulations and Lack of accountability. Government procedures are complex, confusing, dual meaning and difficult to implement . Political patronage to the culprits, un trust in judiciary and lopsided administrative structure are some more reasons for poor governance. Monopoly powers and discretionary power is exercised by politicians and officials to discharge their duties. Babus discretionary powers has to be curtailed at all levels. Open methods of contracts award for projects needs implementation . After independence bureaucrats use to run as per their whims and politicians use to watch helplessly . Now politicians have become smart and started twisting bureaucrats to their whims . Our IAS officers have become puppets in hand of politicians . Regulatory bodies must be to ensure compilations of standards and quality but must not controlRamesh Kumar , www.rameshkumar.co.in media of extracting money.15 05/14/12 By so that they do not become

WHAT AILS OUR GOVERNANCE

Non Performance of Sarkari babus. Casual Approach to problems No Value of Public time Negativity and hanging situation on major Decisions Lack of National Feeling /Integrity Sarkari Babus who behave like Inspectors of Power and create obstacles in making the industry grow.

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NEW SYSTEMS REQUIRED

The system of awarding contracts to lowest bidder is utterly failure

in India as sub standard products /services are bought and the public suffers. Tendering system based on lowest bid need to be scrapped immediate. Most of the equipments and goods purchased from lowest cost supplier fail to function within one year of purchase and get inoperative. Low cost equipments are poor in Quality and Standards like elevators sanitary fittings in toilets, AC, IT equipments electronic sensors, Servo Stabilizers etc. Civil Construction of buildings is also not of good quality. Annual maintenance contract for next five years should be included in initial cost and if equipment or goods supplied fail often, then they should be replaced by supplier. In case of Non compliance supplier should be arrested under non bail able offence for cheating public funds. The performance of supplier and his products must be inspected by purchase technical team at factory premises of supplier and recommendation should be made on spot. If in service the 05/14/12 By Ramesh Kumar , www.rameshkumar.co.in equipment selected turns out bad, then purchase team should be 17

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ROAD CONTRACTS
The public has suffered a lot in India due to poor condition of

roads, due to corruption in our Tendering system. The roads are built with sub standard materials and get bad just after first monsoon. The public continues to suffer. Year after year billions of rupees are siphoned from just roads corruption which is in nexus with Govt. officers and political people. Road Contracts should include 10 yeas maintenance cost besides cost of road construction. Supplier must ensure roads maintenance within few hours of problem, must have 24x7 maintenance Cell and tender clause must have provision for heavy penalties for Non Compliance. Prior to road contracts proper drainage must be worked out for adjoining areas else roads will be go bad .
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What needs to be done

1
2

Support to Manufacturing in India

No new mega projects ( construction, expansion,industrial zones, govt offices solar farms ,production centres etc ) to be constructed in metro and urban towns.All such projects to be located about 200 kms away from main cities . This will lift economy of rural areas and de congest towns. factories dead .They should be re vamped and Delhi Mumbai industrial zone being planned should be scrapped as it will take away precious agriculture land .

3 Most of existing industrial zones are under utilized and

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Support to manufacturing in India

Today the manufacturing Industry in India is at the point of extinct. The influx

of cheap Chinese consumer goods into Indian Market has resulted closure of SMEs all over India. We are seeing the closure of toy industries readymade garments, plastic industries furniture, utensils, electronic gadgets, IT equipments and so on. The government support to the manufacturing industry is negligible. It takes 6-10 months to transfer property rights for industrial use. It takes more than one year to get all kind of approval before a factory is able to start production. The industrial zone developing authorities created by government create more obstacles by robbing SMEs rather than giving any worth services. They robe once SME decides to buy old units in name of conveyance deed and then pay again as registration fee with state government . State development authorities charge heavy maintenance charges without giving any services .What we see in industrial zones is bad roads ,erratic power supply and costly labour . A visit to most of industrial zones will show dead and close units everywhere. A close look in Udyog Vihar in Gurgaon willl reveal most of manufacturing units are closed and getting replaced by 05/14/12 call centres. By Ramesh Kumar , www.rameshkumar.co.in

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Inspector Raj
As the factory starts production there is a fleet of government

inspectors who harass entrepreneurs on the compilations of one and another tedious rules. In china it takes 3 months to get govt. approvals and 6 months to construct a huge factory. The government machinery in china provides full positive support for the growth of industry. The role of Government inspectors in India should be to guide entrepreneurs and not to police them. Most of the laws should be based upon self-assessment. Any violations, if found, should be conveyed to the entrepreneur and he be given a chance to rectify the alleged violation before imposing heavy penalties. If a violation is found for the first time, he can be given written warning and asked to take up corrective action. If violation is found for the second time, heavy penalties can be imposed.
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ATTITUDE OF GOVT INSPECTORS

Most of govt inspectors harass public and find out

ways to book them under pretext of some non compliance ,instead of guiding them ,which is their core duty . Govt Inspectors should be re designated .They should be designated as Welfare Officers /development officers and they should treat Public as customers. Customersare to be treated as God. The rules need to be ammended so that these are friendly to public and the public implements them as their national duty . Such an attitude can bring a sea change in delivery of better services to Public.
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There is fleet of inspectors faced by Entrepreneurs who create more obstacles and less support in running production centers.

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CAN OUR BUREAUCRACY CHANGE LIKE THIS

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Poor Infrastructure -A bottleneck for industrial growth

Poor condition of Roads. Delay at every border state entry due to Entry Tax. High entry taxes leading to further delays and increase of

overheads. Poor maintenance of transport vehicles. Untrained and less educated drivers and maintenance staff. Lack of drinking water in industrial and residential areas in towns. Poor Air and Rail connectivity between metro towns and small towns in various states .

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Need to reduce High Taxation rates

Reduce input cost on manufacturing by way of: Reduced excise duty on raw materials like metals MS, steel, brass, copper etc. Reduce input taxes to encourage production. Reduce excise from existing 16% to 5% and eliminate MODVAT. Reduced sales tax and VAT rates. Reduce VAT from existing 12 % to 3% and eliminate MODVAT. Reduced service tax from 12% to 2% and eliminate MODVAT. Introduce VAT at every point of sales. 3% is small tax and one can pay easily.

Cascading effects of eliminating MODVAT on Excise and

Sales Tax Simplification of procedures as paper work and records keeping will 05/14/12 practically zero. By Ramesh Kumar , www.rameshkumar.co.in 30 be

Reduce taxation at all levels

Abolish State Entry Tax These are again obstacles in smooth transit of goods from one state to

another. Octroi and entry tax rates are too high in some states. There is no logic in charging entry tax when sales tax or VAT is already there. While WTO is trying to diminish international boundaries we in India have put big barriers in flow of goods from one state to another. Long queues of trucks can be seen at various borders causing delays in transport of goods. The state entry taxes should be abolished completely. Eliminate customs duties on imports of testing equipment and machineries to upgrade technology In addition to lowering duties as per WTO, we need to lower duties on the following for importing better production technology, improve quality and testing methods: Testing equipment for any R&D Projects * Plant and machinery for better production * Quality Control and Environmental Test Lab Equipments
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REFORMS IN POLITICAL SYSTEMS

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Black money for election funds

Criminalization of Politics Last decade has witnessed an increase in entry of criminals in

politics. Political parties act only as umbrellas for them . Misuse of Development Funds and Employment Guarantee Schemes Rajiv Gandhi said in 1984 that for every rupee spent by Govt only 16 paise reached the people .Rest is eaten by bureaucrates on the way . Yet the government continues to come out with new mega schemes. In the name of welfare . This is more to create black money a major portion of which goes for election funding .

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Politics for Power and Wealth

There is a need to induct serious leaders in forming

government. It is often seen that People join politics to have power and wealth through unfair means. Remove Safety and security OF MLA/ MPs Every MLA/MP has half dozens of security Guards and Commandos. This is more like a status symbol than actual need. We should remove giving security covers to elected representatives. When ministers can move freely on streets in countries like Australia and Europe then why not in India. Still if they want let them have their own private security at their own cost. Many of MPs are rich and can afford. Poor MPs anyway do not need any security.

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Curbing powers of Politicians

Curb Excess Power of MLA/ MP
Local Area Development/ Sanction of Projects: Make rules so that

MP/MLA as an individual has no say, except a watchdog. Let RWA and local elected representative define the problem and present to civic bodies . The civic body will come out with solutions and get approval for budgets from local area development funds . Interference in Government Bodies- Make rules so that elected Representatives have no access to interfere in day-to-day working of Govt. bodies. Chairmanship of Governing bodies: Make laws to bar elected Representatives to head governing bodies instead individuals who are experts in their fields like renowned engineers, doctors, lawyers, professors are selected to head such bodies. Remove Power of Ministers /Chief Ministers to transfer Police Officers and other govt. officials. Incentives if they are not qualified. We need serious insight into continuation of such facilities.
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Ministers also enjoy lot of free air travel to attend international seminar even
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Reforms In Elections
STATE FUNDING FOR ELECTIONS As election campaigns required huge amounts of money and the costs of

routine political activity between elections are also substantial, political parties have become overly dependent on private contributions, often acquired through wrong practices . Business houses and entrepreneurs contribute funds to political parties and seek to influence government decisions through them. State Funding of elections will allow to discourage political parties from seeking any external funding to run their affairs, carry out political programmes and conduct election campaigns. This will also allow greater insulation between political parties and private contributors of funds.

This will bring uniformity in campaigns and apply equally to all

contestants who will get equal footage on TV . Reach to common man can ne done thru suitable posters at public places .Thus one public place will carry bio data of each contestant . * The candidates wont be allowed to campaign on their own thus effectively check on use of black money in wooing voters . 05/14/12 By Ramesh Kumar , www.rameshkumar.co.in

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No Appeasement Policies
A look at Past Appeasement Policies Demolition of Babri Masjid by Bajrang Dal to appease Hindu. Us eof public place and roads for religious ceremonies. Removal of temples for construction projects but holding of Mosques to

appease Muslims. There are several such incidents where mosques are not touched but temples are removed for construction of mega projects like metro, dams, highways and airports. Providing financial aids for haj pilgrims. * Declaring holidays like Baba Ambdekar diwas. * Naming of roads, streets and projects on leaders name. Reservation based on caste system.

The new political system will not allow

appeasement policies like above

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Mix of Elected Reps and Experts

Government is a bunch of elected representatives. Government gives soul character

to governance of a nation. Hence the team of elected representatives must be expert from various fields so that they can give good governance and lead a nation to prosperity and growth. Lok Sabha ,Rajya Sabha and Vidhan Sabhas must have at least 25 % reserved seats for public figures of renowned achievements .The Election Commissioner must select good percentages of experts from all fields. The election commissioner can look at recommendations of Civil Society . The election office can ensure that parliament has adequate professionals with well known public figures and achievers from following fields: Advocates Doctors Engineers Teachers, Professors Management Gurus Scientists /Administrators/ Sports / Athletics/ Social Workers Architect/ CAs/ Artists
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Vote -None of Above

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NEW IDEAS FOR FORMATION OFNEW ELECTED GOVT.

Theformation ofgovt.should includepopularelectedrepresentatives

from oppositionpartiesalsoand not remain restrictedtowinning party, to ensure that a good government is setup. Any elected rep can be asked to make ministry. Following criteria should be adopted to select ministers for new government:
Thecandidate canbe also from opposite party. Engineers, doctors and professionals be given preference Non graduatesandtainted persons with crimerecord should not be allowed. Mass popularcelebritiescan be considered.

All elected be sent forone week training beforejoining ministry. Performance of eachelectedshould be maintainedfrom beginning like

attendance and issues taken up in parliament. Make mandatory to include None of above in the list of candidates on ballot paper. This will enable public to vote against elected candidates if none of them are found acceptable or to bar criminals to enter.*
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Labour for Projects

Slums are the products of failed policies, bad governance, corruption,

inappropriate regulations, dysfunctional land markets, unresponsive financial systems and a fundamental lack of political will. Urbanization has created a number of problems like shortage of dwelling units, mushrooming growth of Slums , encroachment of public land and expansion of unauthorized residential colonies. The rapid growth of urbanization is creating a number of problems. Whenever a bigproject is commenced, a lot of workers migrate to towns in quest of employment. With no proper place to live, they usually encroach public land. This causes expansion of slums and unauthorized colonies. Thus building enormous pressure on civic services and creating major bottlenecks in the proper development of cities.

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Problems in Slums
People residing in slums face many problems like improper sanitation,

unhygienic environmental conditions, social, economic, health, educational and cultural problems . The basic problems inherent in slums are Health hazards. Lack of basic amenities like safe drinking water, proper housing,and drainage and excreta disposal services; make slum population vulnerable to infections. These further compromise the nutrition requirements of those living in slums. The major causes of childhood malnutrition in slum population are inappropriate child feeding practices, infections, improper food security and suboptimal childcare besides poor availability and inadequate utilization of health care services. Addressing nutritional problems of urban poor is essential for overall development of the country.
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Labour Registration
For such migrating labors there should be a centralized labor

registration center (this may be managed by NGOs) where they can register themselves and secure their labor ID number. These centers should have direct contact with prospective employers and they should try to find suitable jobs for these workers according to their skills.
These migrated labors should also be allotted dwelling units and the

accommodation expenses should be borne by their respective employers. The dwelling units should be located on the outskirts of the town and transport facilities should be made available to the workers in order to make commutation easy for them. Locating proper dwelling units on the outskirts would minimize the proliferation of dingy slums in the city. 05/14/12 By Ramesh Kumar , www.rameshkumar.co.in

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Welfare of Labour
Along with these arrangements certain regulations should be made

by the government:
A minimum wage rate should be created for workers immigrating to town. Computerized ID numbers should be allotted to the laborers for maintaining

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records. ESI dispensaries and counseling services should be provided in dwelling areas. All labors should be centrally registered. Factories with a workforce of more than 100 labors should have compulsory dwelling units. The accommodation facilities should be made available before the commencement of any project. All mega construction projects must provide adequate dwelling units for labour before commencement of project. The dwelling units must have following compulsory facilities: Adequate room size (10 ft x 10 ft) with ventilation Common toilet/washing facilities Common kitchen facilities

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Lack of National Integrity

Thesocialproblems in India aremany,

wearemovingaheadslowly in all fronts but the moral ofpublic at large is down. Ourpoliticiansarecorrupt, indisciplineand least care about the nation. Whenour leaders are corrupthow we can expect public tobe honest. The way out is tocultivate discipline,develop feelingofpain and pridefor the nation, theneed toexcel,theneed to eradicate illiteracy and povertyand the need to curb siphoning of funds of mega schemes and projects run by Government for welfare schemes . A look at daily life around reveals that we Indians are careless, lazy, lack national identity and are hopeless about future. We prefer to suffer and do not complaint against the system. Citizens do not fight the govt. officers for their non performance.

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COMPULSORY MILITARY SERVICE FOR ALL UNDERGRADUATES

Military training teaches us discipline, punctuality,

way to obey rules, respect law and care for the nation. Average Indian lacks above. Thus if military training is made compulsory for every graduate, then above ethics will be cultivated. The graduates will be awarded degree certificates only when they serve military of at least one year. In the same spirit every doctor, teacher , graduate passing out from college has to go compulsory one year service in a rural area before granting him graduation. This will enable graduates to understand rural problems and make them to live and survive in minimum bare facilities and make them hard good citizens and longing for the nation.
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Community Rural Service

All graduates will have option to go for compulsory military training or compulsory

rural community service.Thus all Graduates and Post Graduates opting for rural service will go through compulsory one year service in rural community centres which will be opened in all small towns connected to various villages within a radius of 100 km. The graduates wont be issued any degree until compulsory service in above centres. The service will also carry marks which will add to final certificate. The team of young engineers, young MBAs, doctors, ordinary graduates will work together on several govt. schemes like listed below to ensure that they are implemented in true and spirit and without siphoning of funds by politicians and corrupt sarkari babus. Bharat Nirman Council for Advancement of Peoples action & Rural Technology National Rural employment Guarantee Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadan Yojana It will be difficult to break the present nexus between politician, panchayti raj and corrupt officials but this is the only way to get the schemes implemented. Resistant, muscle power and threat to young team is bound to come but we have to fight with system to make it success.
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Present Systems will not allow any changes

The present political system cannot give good governance

to India . The way out is to chalk out reforms in various governance system which are key deliverables to public at large like education, health, infrastructure, employment , rural development etc with help of experts from relevant fields under a core and strong civic society . We need to change constitution to make a new political system including elections. Once problems and solutions are finalized by Civic Society , next step would be Implementation . But the existing systems and government wont allow any changes . So we have limited options for implementation .
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IMPLEMENTATION OPTIONS
OPTION A The recommendations of civic society on Total Reforms will be put

up to Supreme court for implementation thru act of parliament .Naturally there will be resistance and parliament wont entertain civic society recommendations . So supreme court will have to impose President rule and authorize the Civic Society to run the govt so that reforms are implemented over a period of say 18 months . If civil society gets success in implementation , then draft new constitution will be made . New political system will be published and supreme court will ask for fresh elections under new political system . Elections will be held as per new political system and new govt will form . The new Govt will pass the new draft constitution and smooth running of reforms and new systems will commence . There will be stiff resistance from criminals and political aspirants , but this will be curbed with support from Military and Police .
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Options -Implementation
OPTION B In case Supreme court doesnot support option A

above , then military can be approached by civic society and rest of activity will go as per option A above . OPTION C In case Military also does not support then, the public has to get united and start Mass Non cooperation, Non Violent Satyagraha on lines of Quit India Movement . This will be a long struggle and mass participation by public .
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