By J.N.

Bhattacharyya

y Teaching y y y y y

Learning System ELO Expected Learning Outcome TL Teaching Learning Process Test Measurement Assessment Decision - Action

y Means conducting test / exam and obtain scores of

students y Assessment means to gather / collect raw data y Process raw data to draw useful inferences

y A View to act y Promote or detain a student y Group / Class Performance y Performance of a student in relation to that of the y y y y

group How reliable the marks are Were objectives appropriate for the groups Was the content suitable to the IO Were the teaching learning process effective

y Is a process of systematic collection and interpretation

of evidence y Acts as part of a process of judgment of value with a view to action

y Validity

is valid if it serves the purpose for which it is

designed y Reliability refers to accuracy with which WHAT is measured y Objectivity an evaluation y Usability how far it is useful

y Content Validity y Face Validity

y Factors in test itself

y Unclear direction in writing the item y Inappropriate outcome being tested y Inappropriate difficulty level

y Too difficult sentence structure y Poorly constructed test item

y Gurus found correct y Ambiguous language in Question papers y Good Luck y Mental condition y Items too difficult /too easy

y Administration y Scoring y Time available y Cost involved / cost effectiveness

Roll No 4 5 Average SD in English SD in Maths SD in Science

English 25 5 23

Mathematics 19 15 17

Science 19 19 17

12.1 3.2 1.6

y Calculate Z score = (x

m) / SD y Then compare the Z scores y E.g. for Roll No 4:

y Z score in English = (25 - 23)/12.1 = 0.17 y Z score in Maths = (19

17)/3.2 = 0.63 y Z score in Science = (19 17)/1.6 = 1.25

y So, Roll No. 4 performance is best in Science,

moderate in Maths and poor in English

y If a child gives the correct answer give due weightage y The evaluation should be fair and objective and not

upon your own interpretation y If the question has parts then marks for each part should be given at the right hand side y Except for the recalls marks should be given on understanding

y Do not hesitate to give 100% marks y If you want the second one to be evaluated then strike

out the first one y No moderation of marks by teachers y If there are options then check the first one only leaving the other ones y Units should be there in Maths e.g. 2 cms, 5mm etc.