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Concepts
OB is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups and structure have on behaviour within organizations for the purpose of applying such knowledge towards improving an orgn. s effectiveness. It is concerned with the study of what people do in orgn. s and how the bahaviour affects the perf. of the orgn. Behaviour generally is predictable if we know how the person perceived the situation and what is important to him/her. While people s behaviour may not appear to be rational to an outsider, there is reason to believe it usually is intended to be rational and it is seen as rational to them.
Concepts
An observer often sees behaviour as non-rational because the observer does not have access to the same info. or does not perceive the environment in the same way. Individuals are different. Placed in the same situation, they will behave differently There are certain fundamental consistencies underlying the behaviour of all individuals that can be identified and then modified to reflect individual differences. A systematic study: looking at relationships, attempting to attribute cause and effects, and drawing conclusions based on scientific evidence. Intuition: A feeling not necessarily supported by research.
4 managerial activities
Traditional management: Decision making, planning, controlling, etc. Communication: exchanging routine info. Processing paperwork, etc. Human Resources Management: motivating, disciplining staff, managing conflict, training, staffing, etc. Networking: Socializing, politicking, interacting with outsiders, etc.
successful
Job security to eliminate fear of layoffs Careful hiring emphasizing a good fit with the company culture Power to people decentralization and self-managed teams Generous pay for performance Lots of training Less emphasis on status to build a we feeling Trust building through the sharing of critical information
Contributing principles to OB
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Psychology:A science that seeks to measure, explain and sometimes change the behaviour of humans and other animals - Psychologists concern themselves with studying and attempting to understand individual behaviour. - Contributions include in the areas of learning, perception, personality, emotions, training, leadership effectiveness, needs and motivational forces, job satisfaction, decision making processes, perf appraisal, attitude measurement, employee selection techniques, work design and job stress. Sociology: study people in relation to other fellow humans. - Group behaviour, orgn structures, orgn culture, comm.
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Contributing principles to OB
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Social Psychology: Blends the above two. - Focuses on influence of people on one another - Change how to implement it, reduce barriers to its acceptance, understanding changing attitudes, comm patterns, group decision making processes. Anthropology: Study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities. - Work on culture and environment to understand differences in fundamental values, behaviours, etc. I people in diff countries.; differences among national cultures Political science: Studies behaviours of individuals & groups within a political environment. - Conflict, power, manipulation for self-interest.
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OB Model
Individual Level Group Level Organizational Level
OB in an E-World
E-commerce, e-business, transacted on the net, electronically Use internets, intranets, extranets only selected persons can access Uniqueness of the e-organization: There are no generally accepted rules Players forced to experiment Victory goes to the quick, not necessarily to the big Location doesn t matter Integrated information is everything
OB in an E-World
E-orgns and Individual behaviour: Emotion: people work from separate places and at separate times create social isolations Ethics and Privacy: Electronic surveillance, monitoring individual behaviour, monitoring phone calls, computer files, e-mail messages Motivation: Unique challenges: employees susceptible to distractions that can undermine their work effort and reduce productivity Salary issue: difficult to keep good people
OB in an E-World
Organizations and Behaviour: - Decision Making: - E-group, typically team based committees - no proven business model for e-orgns - Speed is important, no time for fine tuning - Communication: - Enables individuals to communicate directly without having to go through channels breaks down historical status - Virtual meetings enable people in geographically dispersed areas to meet regularly. - Communications overload
OB in an E-World
Leadership: fast decisions, no direct contacts Building trust Politics and Networking Work/Life balance Work design Organization structure Employee selection