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Introduction Global Food Crisis Issues and challenges Indias approach to food security
Policies e.g. Food security bill, PDS etc. Cases Need of second green revolution??
Introduction
INDIA: 30 million people have been added to the ranks of the hungry since the mid-1990s and 46% of children are underweight. CHINA: 2004 article from the BBC, China, the world's most populous country, is suffering from an obesity epidemic
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Indian Agriculture
India s population is 1.21 billion in 2011. 67% are rural. Majority are in agriculture. Although agriculture contributes only 15% of GDP, the share of work force is about 55%. Marginal and small farmers dominate the Indian scenario. Major crops are rice, wheat, maize, coarse cereals, groundnut, cotton, sugarcane, fruits and vegetables 60% of cultivated area is rain fed Rural poverty is 41%in 2004-05. Agriculture is a State Subject.
ISSUES??
Poor quality inputs
Water shortages
Low Productivity
Poor Infrastructure
225 million Indians remain chronically under nourished. In 2000-01, about half of the rural children below five years of age suffered from malnutrition 40% of adults suffered from chronic energy deficiency. High level of wasting away of human resources should be a cause for concern.
--This led to rising rural distress and also farmers suicides. -- Land and water problems, vulnerability to world commodity prices, ----Disparities in growth across regions and crops: growth rate declined more in rainfed areas. Long term factors: Steeper decline in per capita land availability. Shrinking of farm size Slow reduction in share of employment (still 55%) Main problem is low land and labour productivity in agriculture. Gap between agri. and non-agri. is widening. We should blame non-agriculture (industry and services) for not absorbing workers from
Growth performance in agriculture%) 1950-1 to 1964-5: 2.51 (area growth +yield growth) 1967-8 to 1980-1: 2.20 (yield growth, green revolution) 1980-1 to 1990-1: 3.07 (spread of green revolution) 1992-3 to 2004-5: 2.76 (reform period) 1997-8 to 2004-5: 1.60 (neglect of agriculture) 2004-5 to 2010-1: 3.47 (revival of growth) The policy, institutional and investment focus during green revolution time helped India achieve its food self sufficiency goals. However, now different policies are needed to
Performance of Agriculture
9 1
1 0 2
3 0 2
5 0 2
7 0 2
9 0 2
1 0 2
Employment Programmes
National Rural Employment Scheme (100 days of employment at minimum wages)
Location
Area : 2132 sqKM Rainfall : 2500 mm Height : 700 to 2100 meters above MSL Temp : 17 to 35 C Population : 781 , 000 Tribes : 18 % Forest : 35 % Crops : Coffee , Pepper , Banana , Ginger , Rubber , Rice and Tea
to of in
1970
1990
2004
Banana in rice fields have depleted the water sources resulting in severe water 2000 scarcity,
Women lost 15,50,000 labour days per season Banana offers no labour opportunities for women Food security of the poor communities affected High use of toxic chemicals in banana fields contaminated wate sources as well as creating health hazards among women and children (Rice can hold water for 90 days in the Field)
Key i es ssu
RASTAs Interventions
Addressing the challenges of food insecurity through Self Help Groups 10-15 women From the neighborhoods Regular group Meetings Collection of thrifts Collective leadership
000 families in SHGS by 2006 , A human rights rally Series of meetings held in villages to discuss issues and activities to solve the crisis 500 poor families selected to start up activities to improve the food production at village level mostly in leased land
Vegetable Cultivation by women groups: Income for households and Food security
Cultivating Mushroom
Mushroom cultivation yields good profits , Marketing done locally Raw material
Impact
Lessons learned
Community approach is a good strategy to uplift rural communities living in poverty and hunger Collective decision making and united efforts brought success in all the interventions Self help groups are the backbone of the success of the intervention. It is an excellent tool for addressing many of the pressing problem of the communities Enhancing the financial base of the families is very important for ensuring food security Women are more responsible, transparent and good decision makers