GROUP PRESENTATION ON BECS

Presented by:
BST 1-B group V Submitted to : Mr. Alimagno

FIFTH GENERATION
(Artificial Intelligence)

Fifth Generation - Present and Beyond: Artificial Intelligence

Fifth generation computers include the present day computers and the ones that are being developed. These devices are based on the concept of 'Artificial Intelligence'. They utilize various new technologies like 'Quantum computing' and 'superconductors'. One of the applications is in 'Voice recognition' which is a software that is used to recognize the user's voice and respond to it. Parallel processing is a relatively new concept that is still in the nascent stage but has immense potential.

Fifth Generation - Present and Beyond: Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence is the branch of computer science concerned with making computers behave like humans. John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1956, defines it as the science and engineering of making intelligent machines. Artificial intelligence can be broken into five distinct categories: Games playing Robotics Expert systems Neural networks Natural language

Game playing
programming computers to play games such as chess and checkers No longer will computing simply be a person playing a game alone on their computer; in the future, computers will be able to play along, and possibly win. The best computer chess programs are now capable of beating humans. In May 1997, an IBM super-computer called Deep Blue defeated world chess champion Gary Kasparov in a chess match.

Game playing
In 2011, IBM introduced "Watson" to Jeopardy viewers in the United States. The event was designed as a test for their newest artificial technology that can interpret human language as well as use logic to find the answers to common questions and trivia. It managed to beat all of its opponents on the trivia-heavy game show -- even longest-running champion, Ken Jennings.

Expert Systems
programming computers to make decisions in real-life situations (for example, some expert systems help doctors diagnose diseases based on symptoms) In the early 1980s, expert systems were believed to represent the future of artificial intelligence and of computers in general. To date, however, they have not lived up to expectations. Many expert systems help human experts in such fields as medicine and engineering, but they are very expensive to produce and are helpful only in special situations. Software used with and extensive set of organized data that presents the computer as an expert on a particular topic researchers are looking to artificial intelligence as a sort of fail-proof way of diagnosing patients and doing everyday human tasks.

Expert Systems
not only are they able to store much more information than the human brain, as well as have it more readily available, but their systems are not clouded by biases and other purely human errors in judgment. Expert systems are quite black and white, quite robotic, and it is the hope of artificial intelligence developers that they will be better at decision making and diagnosing problems than their human counterparts.

Natural Language
programming computers to understand natural human languages Natural-language processing offers the greatest potential rewards because it would allow people to interact with computers without needing any specialized knowledge. You could simply walk up to a computer and talk to it. This is often considered one of the "holy grails" of artificial intelligence. Currently, the kind of voice recognition that is available to consumers falls more under the category of "dictation" than "conversation . because the computer can hear the words and transcribe them into text, but it doesn't really have the ability to understand their meaning or their context. natural language is currently limited to one tone of voice, and most artificial intelligence computing devices can't distinguish between a softy-spoken sentence, and an angry sentence that has been screamed at them in at high volume.

Neural Networks
Systems that simulate intelligence by attempting to reproduce the types of physical connections that occur in animal brains A neural network tries to reproduce the thoughts and physical connections of human or animal brains, and is one of the hottest areas of fifth generation computing. This is, in fact, the secret to IBM's Watson: they gave him a very human brain that could largely understand language and do enough research to answer questions. These neural networks are also becoming important in much smaller applications, such as the voice recognition feature on many current personal computers and mobile phones.

Robotics
programming computers to see and hear and react to other sensory stimuli robots will be able to lead semi-autonomous lives, aware of their surroundings and able to independently modify their behavior based on their environment. It's one of the most promising, and most difficult, areas of artificial intelligence.
a humanoid robot created by Honda. Introduced in 2000, ASIMO, which is an acronym for "Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility", was created to be a helper to people. With aspirations of helping people who lack full mobility, ASIMO is used to encourage young people to study science and mathematics. ASIMO was designed to operate in real-world environments, with the ability to walk or run on two feet at speeds up to 3.7 mph (6km/h).

References
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASIMO http://www.techiwarehouse.com/engine/a046ee08/Generations-of-Computer http://www.techiwarehouse.com/engine/0ee1987d/Fifth-Generation-of-Computers http://fahmirahman.wordpress.com/2011/01/04/five-generations-of-computer/

Thank You