METHODS OF PRODUCTION

A Quick guide

INTRODUCTION

Production is the function by which goods and services are produced. A typical production system comprises of three main components: Inputs, Transformation process and Output. Push method - stock is pushed up the system to ensures customer satisfaction and large storage. Pull method stock is pulled down the inventory to ensure Quality and reduced storage costs

WHAT STAGES ARE INVOLVED WITH

PRODUCTION
Inputs are: Employees, materials, machines, instructions, drawings, and paper work and instructions. The Transformation Process involves: Operations, mechanical or chemical, to change/convert inputs into outputs. Activities that assist conversion, including, planning and control of factors of production. Supply of materials, storage and condition of materials, material handling and inspection Out Puts are Output is the goods and services (e.g. products, parts, paper work, served customers etc.

JUST IN TIME PRODUCTION

Is some times referred to as lean production It is a Japanese philosophy creating the amount of product needed when the customer requires it Product arrives Just In Time, reducing stock storage

ADVANTAGES

Increases production efficiency Reduces, working time waste, raw materials, stock storage costs and other resources

DISADVANTAGES

Requires a complete overhaul and this can be difficult and costly Supply of raw materials disruption risk

BATCH PRODUCTION

Require a group to move through the production process at the same time. Often used after business growth, stability and volume of production increases. This method is usually used by bakeries.

BATCH: ADVANTAGES
It is cheaper to produce a number of each item in one

go Employees increase their knowledge and skills, resulting in increased productivity Faster to produce large quantities

BATCH: DISADVANTAGES

Requires detailed planning of what will be produced and when Overproduction is common and costly Often requires higher mechanical usage, reducing employee population and creation of jobs

MASS AND FLOW

Production is a continuous process. This method is usually used where product is standardised.

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ADVANTAGES

Capital intensive, therefore gives a high number of product is produced at very low cost. Lowers the cost per unit

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DISADVANTAGES
The process is difficult to alter, for example new product design If design changes, then it takes great cost and time to achieve

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