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Why Do We Measure?
Measuring things helps us answer the questions: y How big? y How long? y How much?

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What Do We Measure?
We measure y Time y Length & perimeter y Area y Capacity & volume y Weight

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Every Measurement Has Units

A measurement always has units. For example, we measure time in millennia, centuries, decades, years, days, weeks, and hours. Without the unit, we don t know how much time has passed. The units that go with our measurements tell us what we are measuring and how much we have.

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Units in the Metric System

 length  volume  mass
meter liter gram m L g

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Length is the size of a straight line, distance, or straight edge on an object.

Measuring Length

We measure length with a ruler. Each ruler is divided into units. When using a ruler, line up the edge of the ruler with the start of the line or side you are measuring and read the line where the side or object ends.

So this rectangle is 4 6/10 of a cm long or 4.6 cm long.

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Units for Length

There are two major units for measurements: Metric units are used all over the world. The base unit is the meter. All other units are meters multiplied or divided by a power of 10. 1 centimeter (cm)=10 millimeters (mm) 1 meter (m)=100 cm=1000 mm 1 kilometer=1000 m=100,000 cm=1,000,000 mm

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Length

1 inch = 2.54 centimeters

Centimetre is written as cm in short. Milimetre is written as mm in short. Metre is written as m in short.

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Introducing the measuring scale

1cm = 10mm

So this rectangle is 4 6/10 of a cm long or 4.6 cm long.

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Introducing the metre scale:

1m = 100cm
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The standard units for measuring length are milimetre, centimetre, metre.
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Converting Metres into Centimetres

y How many in centimetres in 2 metres?

1 m= 100 cm 2 m=100 x 2 2 m= 200 cm y How many in centimetres in 4 metres? 1 m= 100 cm 4 m=100 x 4 4 m= 400 cm

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Convert it into centimetres.

 7m=

100

700 cm 1
X 100

 1 m=

100 cm
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Convert it into centimetres.

 5m=
=

X 100

500 cm

 3m=

100 X
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= 300 cm

Converting kilometres into metres

1.

8 km = =

1000

8000 m 3 X 1000

2. 3 km =

3000 m
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Mass
y The measure of the amount of matter an object

contains
y Matter: The material that all objects and

substances are made up of

y

Anything that has mass and takes up space is matter

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A gram is a standard unit for measuring weight.

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Measuring Weight
When most people talk about weight, they are really talking about mass or how much matter or stuff is in something. Measuring an object s weight tells us how much matter is in it. We measure weight on scales and balances.

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Using Scales and Balances

When using a scale like this one, make sure the scale is always set to 0 before you weigh anything. Once you put the object on the scale, the scale will show you how much it weighs.

There are two kinds of balances. With this kind of balance, you put the object in one dish and put weights in the other dish. When the two dishes are balanced, you add the weights in the other dish to find the weight of the first object. With this kind of scale, you put the object onto the dish and move the sliders along the three rulers. When the line at the end of the arm lines up with the line on the right side of the balance dish, you add up the values on the rulers to find the weight of the object.
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Metric Units for Weight

The base unit is the gram, and all other units of weight in the metric system are grams multiplied or divided by powers of 10. 1000 milligrams (mg)= 1 gram (g) 1000 g=1 kilogram (kg)

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The basic unit of mass in the SI system is the

y The basic unit of mass in the SI system is the

kilogram.

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WEIGHTS

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Weights

10 g
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20 g

50 g 100 g
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200 g
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500 g

1 kg
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Gram is written as g in short. A Kilogram is written as kg in short.

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Convert the kilograms into grams:

y 3 kg =

1000

= 3000 g y 9 kg = 9 X 1000 = 9000 g

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What are three objects (other than in the book) whose masses would be measured in kilograms.
y Car y Teachers Desk y Desk Top Computer

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A smaller objects mass such as a paper clip would be measured in

y Smaller objects such as a paper clip would be

measure in milligrams.

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Conversions

1 kg 1g

= =

g mg

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Conversions

1 kg 1g

= =

1,000 g mg

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Conversions

1 kg 1g

= =

1,000 g 1,000 mg

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Measuring Liquids
We use measuring cups to measure liquids. When using a measuring cup, make sure you hold the level of the water in your line of sight or crouch down until the water line is in your line of sight and read the line that that water goes up to.

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Metric Units for Measuring Liquids

Like with metric units for length, all units are the base unit (in this case the liter) multiplied or divided by a power of 10. The main units you will use in measuring liquids will be milliliters and liters. 1,000 milliliter (mL)= 1 liter (L)

A little connection with volume of solids: 1mL=1 cubic centimeter (cc)

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Metric Capacity
There are 2 main units of metric capacity. Liters--L Milliliters-mL

Liters a
r g e

We measure large things in liters.

A Milliliter is about a drop.

A drop of water.

An eyedropper of medicine.

Conversions in Metric!
1,000 mL = 1 L
When converting L to mL, put 3 zeros in place of the L--that s multiplying by 1,000.
2 L = ___________ mL

000

So, 2 L = 2,000 mL

4 L = _______________ mL
00 0

So, 4 L = 4,000 mL

__________ mL = 2 L So, 2,000 mL = 2 L

000

Ms. Itzhaki s water cooler holds 5,000 mL of Kool-Aid. She has 2 bottles of Kool-Aid. Each bottle holds 2 L. Will the Kool-Aid fit in her water cooler?

Step One: Draw the picture to show what she has.

2L

2L

4L

Step Two: Convert to the lower unit--mL.

4 L = _______ mL
000

so 4 L = 4,000 mL

Ms. Itzhaki s water cooler holds 5,000 mL of Kool-Aid. She has 2 bottles of Kool-Aid. Each bottle holds 2 L. Will the Kool-Aid fit in her water cooler?

Step Three: Answer the Question.

YES, since she has 4,000 mL of water, it will fit in her 5,000 mL container!

Convert it into mililitres.

 6L=

1000

6000 5
= X

ml

 5 L=

1000

5000 ml
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Congratulations! You are now

AIM: Can I choose suitable units for measuring?

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What unit would you choose to measure these?

1) What is the distance around the top of your head? A) miles B) cm C) litres

centimetres!

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How far away is Disneyland?

A) kilograms

B) kilometres

C) millilitres

kilometres!

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How long is the playground?

A) centimetres

B) grams

C) metres

metres!

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How wide is a 20p coin?

A) miles

B) millimetres

C) hours

millimetres!

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How large is a kilometer?

Whitmore

A little over 1/2 of a mile

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1 kilometer Walter White

How large is a milliliter?

About a drop of liquid

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How large is a liter?

Half of a large pop bottle

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1 lite r

How heavy is a gram?

A paper clip weighs about 1 gram

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How heavy is a kilogram?

A kitten weighs about 1 kilogram

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