RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFIER(RFID)

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INTRODUCTION
The reason is that a technology called radiofrequency identification (RFID) is catching on. RFID tags are being used by corporations to track people and products. This technology can completely replace barcodes. The automotive industry makes use of small RFID tags that offer a high level of security at low cost. A lot of developments are taking place in RFID technology that will change the course of the industry.

TRANSPONDER
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
ANALOG CIRCUITRY
DATA TRANSFER POWER SUPPLY

EEPROM

DIGITAL CIRCUITRY
CONTROL LOGIC SECURITY LOGIC INTERNAL LOGIC/MICROPROCESOR

ROM

RAM

CLASSIFICATION OF TAGS
Active tags Passive tags Inductive tags Capacitive tags

READER/INTERROGATOR
The overall function of Reader/Interrogator is to provide the means of communicating with the tag and facilitating data transfer.
Functions: signal conditioning, parity error checking and correction. It uses Command Response Protocol.

RANGE AND POWER LEVELS

The range that can be achieved in an RFID is determined by: 1. The power available at the reader/interrogator to communicate with the tags. 2. The power available within the tag to respond.

3. The environmental conditions and at higher frequencies including the signal to noise ratio. 4. 100-500mW power are values quoted for RFID systems

RFID SYSTEM
ANTENNA
READER RF MODULE CONTROL MODULE

HOST COMPUTER

TRANSPONDER (TAG)

SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
Reading distance Data accuracy Antenna selection Transponder orientation Reading speed

IMMOBILIZER SYSTEM
. IMMOBILIZER TRANSPONDER

CRYPTO TRANSPONDER

PLASTIC WEDGE TRANSPONDER

Design Objectives Encryption Read/Write Crypto Transponder for Short Cycle Time Transponder Antenna Controller

Crypto Circuit
writing data into the IC

Write Data Decoding

APPLICATIONS
Principle areas of applications of RFID include: Transportation Manufacturing and processing. Security.

ADVANTAGES: RFID technology permits no line of sight reading. Robustness and reliability under difficult environmental conditions. Available in a wide variety of physical forms, shapes, sizes and protective housings. RFID tags can be read at very high speeds.

Mostly the response time is less than 100ms.

It offers a high degree of security.

DISADVANTAGES: Cost much higher. Lack of standardization

RFID will hurt privacy

CONCLUSION
RFID tags will soon be tracking millions of consumer products worldwide.

Manufacturers will know the exact location of each product they make from the time it is made until it is used. The RFID tagging will take off when the cost of the tags drops to one percent of the cost of the product.

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