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Raygin Parcon Alvin Parreo Raymund Piodena Gino Quemado Kien Axel Ross Santiana John Clark Singuillo Mark Collin Solas Joebert Torres Jr.

Jhonrhes Tremedal John Vennard Umali Salvador Valdez Joshwa Velagio Kevin Clint Verde Mercil Villanueva Marion John Villasis

What is an ECDIS?
An Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) is a computer-based navigation information system that complies with International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations and can be used as an alternative to paper nautical charts. IMO refers to similar systems not meeting the regulations as Electronic Chart Systems (ECS). An ECDIS system displays the information from electronic navigational charts (ENC) or Digital Nautical Charts (DNC) and integrates position information from the Global Positioning System (GPS) and other navigational sensors, such as radar and automatic identification systems (AIS). It may also display additional navigationrelated information, such as Sailing Directions and fathometer.

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Usefulness of ECDIS to Reduce Navigational Workload

About eighty percent of reported marine accidents were attributed to human error as a consequence of factors like fatigue, navigation workload, etc. The number of marine accidents could be reduced with the introduction of electronic navigational systems such as the ECDIS, which would help alleviate fatigue or workload of mariners. ECDIS is an advanced navigational tool that provides 24-hour realtime positioning and anti-grounding capabilities. These features could be effectively used in confined waters like the Malacca and Singapore straits and in the ports, especially during periods of poor visibility like haze and night-time.

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Usefulness of ECDIS to Reduce Navigational Workload

Satellite position-fixing system like the Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) is essential navigational equipment complementing the use of ECDIS as it provides continuous and accurate positions of the ships. In this respect, the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) has set up DGPS facilities to broadcast differential corrections in October 1997. The DGPS corrections to be applied to receivers are transmitted in the medium frequency (MF) band at 298 kHz. The DGPS message format containing the corrections is based on internationally recognized standards from the Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services, Special Committee 104. These corrections are transmitted without charge by MPA to the shipping community and the public and Procede could be received at a distance of at least 200 km from Singapore.

Usefulness of ECDIS to Reduce Navigational Workload

Moreover, the ECDIS when integrated with an Automatic Radar Plotting Aid (ARPA) would be able to provide anti-collision audio or visual alarms. The recent approval of performance standards for Automatic Identification System by the IMO would extend the usage of ECDIS between ship-to-ship. The automatic real-time updating of ship's positions on the ECDIS allows the mariner more time to keep vigilant visual look out instead of being buried in chart work. Likewise, the anti-grounding and anticollisions features are important in areas with either heavy vessel traffic, restricted visibility or confined waters. Under these conditions, the ECDIS would certainly enhance safe navigation and help prevent marine accidents and protect the marine environment.

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Advantages of ECDIS
 IMO regulation (subject IMO meeting June 2009) = mandatory equipment to be installed  Replacement of paper charts  Real time information  Anti-grounding prevention  Fuel saving potential  Automatic chart updating  Dynamic Licensing (pay-as-you-go)

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Types of

Electronic Chart Data

Vector Chart

Raster Chart

Vector charts are the chart databases for ECDIS, with standardized content, structure and format, issued for use with ECDIS on the authority of government authorized hydrographic offices. ENCs are vector charts that also conform to International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) specifications stated in IHO Publication S-57.

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ENCs contain all the chart information necessary for safe navigation, and may contain supplementary information in addition to that contained in the paper chart (e.g., Sailing Directions). This supplementary information may be considered necessary for safe navigation and can be displayed together as a seamless chart. ENCs are intelligent, in that systems using them can be programmed to give warning of impending danger in relation to the vessel's position and movement.

Types

Raster navigational charts are raster charts that conform to IHO specifications and are produced by converting paper charts to digital image by scanner. The image is similar to digital camera pictures, which could be zoomed in for more detailed information as it does in ENCs. IHO Publication S-61 provides guidelines for the production of raster data. IMO Resolution MSC.86(70) permits ECDIS equipment to operate in a Raster Chart Display System (RCDS) mode in the absence of ENC.

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ECDIS may be define as:

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Tools for automatic Route and Voyage planning from Port A to B via C can be an integrated part of your ECDIS. Optimizing the schedule taking into consideration the latest weather forecast (weather-routing) and using integrated environmental databases for Tides and Currents will allow the vessel to proceed along the route at the safest economical speed and arrive at its final destination on time. Calculation of safety parameters, automatic printing of reports and plans that fulfill all international requirements for voyage planning will enhance the quality of the planning and save hours during preparation of the voyage.

ECDIS provides unique tools for management of charts and nautical publications in digital format. This includes ordering updates as well as the preparation of reports. Within a few seconds they can be sent ashore or be included as an integrated part of the voyage plan by showing the current status of the vessels charts and nautical publications. Online chart ordering and delivery enables the ship owner to minimize the chart portfolio. Providing a tailor made coverage for the particular voyage, together with online chart corrections, will generate significant savings.

ECDIS uniquely combines information from different sources in one display. Optimized chart presentation gives a perfect background for display of vital information. This could be weather information, online targets, No Go areas, for example Piracy or MARPOL areas, and additional navigation data. All this can be made visible just by a single key operation. With predefined layouts enabling easy shifting between presentations and online updating of the data, there is no better tool than ECDIS for efficient presentation of information of interest decision making cannot be easier and safer.

With ECDIS installed, the integration of all navigational sensors and relevant data on one spot of the bridge has become reality. Other mandatory systems like Bridge Navigation Watch Alarm System (BNWAS) can be an integrated part of ECDIS. Running several applications like RADAR, ECDIS, CONNING, AMS, E-LOG Book on the same workstation gives the officer quick access to all information in a single position (for example, on the bridge wing during mooring operations). Integration of ECDIS with the vessels communication system enables online communication from Ship to Shore for the exchange of data and reports.

Det Norske Veritas (DNV) Report Effect on ENC Coverage on ECDIS Risk Reduction from 2007 already evaluated that ECDIS is a cost effective risk control option for large passenger ships and all other vessel types involved in international trade, with a significant potential to save lives by reductions the frequency of collision and grounding. The grounding frequency reductions achievable from implementing ECDIS vary between 11% and 38% for the selected routes. This variation is due to variations in ENC coverage.

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