PRESENTATION ON SPEECH COMPRESSION

Submitted to:

Submitted by-

Prof. RAHUL

RITIKA SINHA
CSE 4TH YR

3/10/12

CONTENTS

DEFINITION OF SPEECH COMPRESSION ITS APPLICATION ADAPTIVE PREDICTING CODING LINEAR PREDICTING CODING LPC APPLICATIONS CODE EXCITED LINEAR PREDICTION CELP ENCODER PERCEPTUAL CODING

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SPEECH COMPRESSION
q

It aims at producing a compact representation of speech sounds. This sound when perceived is close to the original sound. Digital speech signals used to be sampled at a rate of 8000 samples/sec. a lossy compression technique.

3/10/12 q It is

APPLICATIONS
q

Digital cellular technology-In this,many users share the same frequency bandwidth where the compression allow more users to share the system. Digital voice storage eg.Answering machine where compression allow longer messages to be stored.

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ADAPTIVE PREDICTING CODING

Predictor coefficients can be made adaptive and can achieve higher levels of compression bt increases the complexity. coefficients continuosly changes.

Predictor

Speech signal is divided into fixed time

segments.Prevailing characterstics are determined.

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LINEAR PREDICTING CODING

q This is a less expensive technique.

q Digital method for encoding an analog signal in

which a particular value is predicted by a linear function of the past values of the signal.

q The generated speech sounds synthetic but it

produces very high level of compression.

q Features which determine the perception of signal

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 Loudness-amount of energy in the signal.

Origin of the sound-voice sound and sound.

unvoiced

q There is an information loss in linear predictive

coding so it is a lossy form of compression.

q The algorithm in this involves analysis or encoding

part and synthesis or decoding part of the signal.

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LPC APPLICATIONS
q In the area of secure telephony because of

low bit rate. Secure telephone systems have a goal of decreasing the bit rate as much as possible while maintaining the speech quality. speech synthesis. In this the speech has to be generated from text.

q A second area in which it is used is in text to

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q More applications of lpc and other speech

compression schemes are voice mail systems,telephone answering machine and other multimedia applications.

q Lpc is a favorable method of speech

compression for multimedia applications since it provide the smallest storage space as a result of its low bit rate.

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CODE EXCITED LINEAR PREDICTION

q A technique whose primary goal is to

efficiently encode the residue signal.

q It improves speech quality over linear

predictive coding.

q Celp coding is used in the gsm standard . q The modelling is divided into two stages.
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 A LINEAR PREDICTIVE STAGE THAT MODELS

THE SPECTRAL ENVELOPE.

CODE-BOOK BASED MODEL OF THE RESIDUAL

OF THE LINEAR PREDICTIVE MODEL.

q OTHER SPEECH CODING ALGORITHM ARE

ACELP,RCELP,LD-CELP AND VSELP.

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CELP ENCODER
q The main principle behind celp is called

analysis by synthesis means the encoding is performed by optimizing the decoded signal in a closed loop.
q This is not in practise for two reasons-the

reqd.Complexity is beyond current availaible hardware & the best sounding selection criterion implies a human listener.

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PERCEPTUAL CODING
q Compression of general audio associated

with digital television broadcast a different set of algorithm is perceptual coding.

q Its role is to exploit a number of the

limitations of the human ear.

q In this,sampled segments of the source

audio waveform are analyzed to a celp coders & only those features that are 3/10/12 perceptible to the ear are transmitted.

q Two important effects influenced

preceptual coding are Frequency maskingwhen multiple signal

are present, a strong signal may reduce the level of sensitivity of the ear to other signals which are near to it in frequency.
Temporal maskingwhen the ear hears a

loud sound. It takes a short but finite time before it can hear a quieter sound.

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THANK YOU..

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