Introduction to Data Communications

How old is Communications.

By Foot Pigeons Smoke Signals Water Channels Horses Rail Postal System Telephone Data Communications

By Foot

Pigeons

NO HACKING

Smoke Signals

Water Channels

Horses

Rail

Postal System

Telephone

 A Telephone Switchboard

Jacks

Plugs and Cords

Wire Pairs = N = 8

DIGITAL EXCHANGE

 A Telephone Network
Edge Edge Network
Interexchange, LD, or Toll Trunks
Service
Control Transport

Service
Control Transport

Exchange One

Exchange Two

Data Communications
Analogue or Digital

Information Age
First Industrial Revolution Introduction of machinery Changed the way people worked Second Industrial Revolution Information Age Introduction of computers Introduction of networking and data communication Changed the way people worked Faster communication Collapsing Information lag Brought people together Globalization

Collapsing Information Lag

Electronic communications sped up the rate of transmission of information,

telegraph 1850
Information took days or weeks to be transmitted 1900

1950

2004-9 huge quantities of information transmitted in a fraction of a second.

Information transmitted in minutes or hours

growth of telecommunications and especially computer networks

globalization phenomenon (WWW)

Datacom Basics
Telecommunications
transmission of voice, video, data, - imply longer distances - broader term

Data Communications
movement of computer information by means of electrical or optical transmission systems

convergence Broadband Communications

Convergence
Converged Networks Services
Applications Voice, data, still image, video (telephony, email, WWW, video, etc.)

TCP/IP (The Internet Protocol Suite)

Medium Cable, wireless (3G, WiFi, WiMax), DSL, etc.

Protocols

EXAMPLE OF A NETWORK
SD HEWLETT PACKARD D T Su r e S to r eLoloa der7 1 8 Aut

SUN E450 NMS Catalyst 6506 Switch Redundant PIX Firewall Core Router STM1 via SMW3 (Singtel) BPX 8680 Karachi ATM Switch Legend: STM1 Link E3 Link Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet

Distribution Router E3 via Satellite (Concert) E3 SMW3 (EMIX) E3 Satellite (Simplex)

Lahore BPX 8680 ATM Switch Distribution Router Core Router 2xE3 Distribution Router BPX 8680 ATM Switch Core Router

Rawalpindi

Distribution Router

Distribution Router

NMS
SD HEWLETT PACKARD Au Su r e S t o r et oloa der7 1 8 DLT
SD

HEWLETT PACKARD

DLT SureStore Autoloader 718

SUN E450 Existing Catalyst 4003 Switch

SUN E450

Redundant PIX Firewall

 A Packet Switch or Router

Packet Switch or Router

 A Packet Switched Network

To/From Other Nodes

Node
Packet Switch or Router

Node
Packet Switch or Router

 The Internet As a Cloud

Internet A Packet Switched Network Using the Internet Protocol Suite

 Intelligence at the Edge of the Network

Server Server Internet A Packet Switched Network Using the Internet Protocol Suite Adapter Gateway To Public Switched Telephone Network

PC/Client Server

 Integrated Network with Integrated Access

Integrated End User Device (Voice, Data, Video, Multimedia) Customer Node Network Node

IP Based Network

Access Network: DSL, Cable Modem, Wireless (Cellular, Wi-Fi, etc), Satellite, Other Customer Premises

Access

Local/Regional

Backbone

Technologies for Data Communications

Variety of different technologies for Data Communications (both business and residential) Modem/ISDN (Narrowband) =======================

Broadband.
DSL (over telephone lines) Fiber Optics (over dedicated lines) Cable Modem (over cable TV) Wireless Broadband Satellite