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OBJECTIVES
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is an integral part of corporate governance, which includes Promoting common welfare programs. Protecting stakeholders interests, Exhibiting social concern, Sponsoring social and charitable causes and Supplementing States efforts in community development programs
Accountability to Society
Another reason why corporations should be conscious of their
social responsibility . In a democratic society any kind of enterprise exists for the sake of society. If private enterprise is justified and allowed to exist, it is because it is seen to contribute better to the common good than public enterprise. It produces better goods and functions more efficiently thanks to the encouragement given to individual initiatives. Private enterprise is not encouraged because individuals may accumulate wealth for their own exclusive and selfish benefit at the expense of the public.
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Philanthropy has always been the reflection of a society because on it depended a division between givers and poor recipients. The wealthy have not only given because they have more; but because by alleviating distress they have secured their own position against those who might displace them.
Philanthropy by big business is generally exercised through, "Foundations". Such philanthropic activity not infrequently adds to the prestige of an organization, builds up a humanitarian image among the public, and more importantly, widens the organization's influence to fields which often are of vital importance to the business world.
Ford, Rockefeller and Carnegie have been key investors in the growth and development of higher education institutions, think tanks and research centers around the world. Indeed, The Ford Foundation has been described as the world's largest investor in new ideas. They are architects of international networks of scholars and agencies involved in the production and dissemination of knowledge. Through these institutions and networks they have been in a unique position to influence cultural and social policies on an international scale.
Employees to be made creative and their treatment to be humane. Working costs to be reduced. Induction of new technology while alert to negative impacts. Improving productivity is to enhance wealth and to increase standards of living of people. This is what development stands for.
Common
Another way in which the scope of social responsibility could be viewed is in terms of social concern and promotion of common welfare programmes for the benefit of the poor and the indigent public. Companies have highlighted social issues and brought them to the notice of the public. There have been occasions, though limited in number, where corporates have joined hands to sponsor advertisements promoting public causes or issues of social concern such as drug addiction and smoking. Business organizations could also consider social responsibility in terms of the relatedness to their own activities. Producers of dental or eye care products organize mass clinics in villages and semi-urban areas where surgeons attend to the medical needs of the poor and indigent. Such attempts greatly relieve the burden on the finance-strapped state in a developing country like India where people, due to poverty and for historical reasons, depend solely on the government to render every type of service.
Take the instance of how industrialists came to the rescue of the quake-devastated people in Gujarat. When Gujarat was shattered by the fury of the worst earthquake in the past 50 years, a free phone facility set up by Care India, Bharti-BT and CISCO provided the most immediate emotional relief for people anxious for news of their families as well as access to medical assistance and advice. Industrialists through the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) and the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) have committed large funds that have enabled several NGOs adopt villages that were severely hit and provided several others a great deal of relief measures.
Likewise, when disaster struck New York and Washington in the aftermath of terrorist attacks on 11th September, 2001, American MNCs played their part as good corporate citizens. While the US food giant McDonalds offered food for the rescue workers at different locations across the country in addition to a donation of $2 million, General Motors, General Electric, Ford Motor and Unocal also did their best to alleviate the sufferings of those affected by the tremendous human tragedy.
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Some industrial houses have been promoting activities that supplement the efforts of public authorities in certain areas that are important for all-round human development. The Tatas have contributed to the growth of fundamental and social sciences by building and nurturing institutions of higher learning in these areas. The Birlas have been building and maintaining beautiful and monumental places of worship in several cities in addition to popularizing science through planetariums. Some corporates have been sponsoring sports events and helping sportspersons attain international standards. TISCO has made several contributions in such diverse areas as community, especially tribal area development, rural industrialization. SAIL has done its mite in agriculture, health care, drinking water supply, dairy and poultry farming. ITC Ltd. is socially active in agriculture, sports and pollution control, while Brooke Bond has interests in animal welfare, providing veterinary services and improvements in animal breeding. Down south, several corporates have done yeoman service in the field of education and related areas such as sports, building of institutions that train personnel as well as render social service.
The Loyola Institute of Business Administration (LIBA) that has instituted The Mother Teresa Award for Corporate Citizen is a role model as a corporate that has rendered social services far beyond the call of its duty and responsibility for others to emulate. It has identified Titan Industries, Tamil Nadu Newsprints and Papers Ltd. and Orchid Chemicals for the Award so far in recognition of several socio-economic projects they have been running for the welfare of the disadvantaged sections of society.
Some other examples are : Bajaj Auto, Balmer Lawrie, Bank of America, Business Standard, Coca Cola India, Dr. Reddy s Laboratories, Forbes Marshall, Nicholas Piramal, Excel Industries, Hindustan Machine Tools, Amar Jyothi Industries, Hindustan Lever and International Business Machines. While some of them work for the welfare of the poor, handicapped and the marginalized sections of society, others reach out to those who are in dire need of their services.
Corporate resources can also be allocated to run family planning clinics, medium sized hospitals in villages, literacy campaigns and adult education programmess, campaigns against smoking, pollution, AIDS, casteism and communalism and to provide housing, sports and recreational amenities for slum-dwellers etc. Corporates can also contribute effectively towards urban management as has been done in places like Jamshedpur.
Another area where their concern for social welfare can be shown is in the maintenance of the Public Health System. Corporates cannot be mute spectators to the deterioration in public health. Besides the moral and social aspects involved, they have to appreciate the fact that all their activities, business or otherwise, will come to a stand-still, if any disease of epidemic proportions breaks out. In 1999, The Hindu reported a unique Government and industry participation to improve public health in Tamil Nadu. In the first phase of the programmes, 57 Primary Health Centers (PHCs) and 6 Government Hospitals were adopted by 19 industrial groups based in the State. According to official sources, another 40 PHCs would be adopted in the second phase with more industries joining in due course. The then Chief Minister, while inaugurating the programmes, commended the whole-hearted and voluntary participation of industrial houses.
Social responsibility has to do with much more than producing goods and services. Social responsibility has to do with equitable distribution of wealth. It has to do with a concern for the needs of the generations to come; It has to do with such things as "sustainable development" and "safeguard of the environment .
Promote a spirit of cooperative Endeavour between employees & employers through participation in decisiondecision-making and in improving production and administration. To pay fair and reasonable wages to labour and staff members. To develop and adopt a progressive labour policy based on recognition of genuine trade union right; settlement of disputes and conciliation; to create a sense of belonging, and to improve human qualities of labour by education, training, better living conditions, housing, leisure and amenities.
Towards Employees To provide reasonable and just work conditions. To recognize the labourer as a human being and respect his dignity, and preserve his individual liberty. To provide facilities for joint consultation and collective bargaining. To help development of proper leadership from among the employees. To guarantee religious, social and political freedom to workers.
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Achieve ecological balance Consider the human element Improve Productivity Be aware of global pressures and needs Balance ethics & economics Design social partnerships
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Establish implementation procedures and management systems Benchmark against selected external codes and standards Set up internal monitoring Use language that everyone can understand Set pragmatic and realistic objectives. Corporations exist because they, in a sustainable fashion, enable people to constructively practice their craft and create jobs, economic value, and wealth for the society and the enterprise.