Android Application Development

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What is Android ?
Google purchased Android Inc., a 22-month-old Palo Alto, California, startup in July 2005. Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware and key applications.

Android
One of the most widely used mobile OS these days is ANDROID. Android is a software bunch comprising not only operating system but also middleware and key applications. Android applications are written in java programming language and It is available as open source for developers to develop applications which can be further used for selling in android market.

Android OS Market

In Q2 2009 Android had 2.8% market share which had grown to 33% market share by Q4 2010 and in May its grow to 50%, which made Android leader of smart phone OSs worldwide.

How Android Is Different

Open for modification. This gives vendors the opportunity to change and enhance their products based on their own preferences. This has created many versions of Android phones, which can vary by vendor, as well as a range of other devices that use this platform.

Android System Architecture

Different version of Android

Basics applications of Android

Android applications are composed of one or more application components (activities, services, content providers, and broadcast receivers). Each component performs a different role in the overall application behavior, and each one can be activated individually (even by other applications)

Basics applications of Android

The manifest file must declare all components in the application and should also declare all application requirements, such as the minimum version of Android required and any hardware configurations required Non-code application resources (images, strings, layout files, etc.) should include alternatives for different device configurations (such as different strings for different languages)

Android Features
Application Framework that enables reuse and replacement of components. Optimized Graphics that is powered by customized 2D graphics library and 3D graphics based on the OpenGL ES 1.0 specification Provision of Bluetooth, EDGE, 3G and Wi-Fi . SQLite for structured data storage Open source Web Kit engine based integrated web browser .

Android Features
Camera, GPS, Compass, and Accelerometer (dependent on hardware support) GSM Telephony Dalvik virtual machine optimized for mobile devices. GSM Telephony

Dalvik virtual machine optimized for mobile devices .

Android's Latest
Browser: It also supports popular web standards like CSS 3D, Animations . It also supports playback of HTML5 video content.

Gallery: Now the gallery supports PTP (Picture Transfer Protocol) so that users can directly connect their cameras with Android device and transfer pictures with a single touch.

Android's Latest
Email: When replying or forwarding an HTML message, The Email app now sends both plain text and HTML bodies as a multi-part mime message. This ensures that the message will be formatted properly for all recipients. Enterprise support: Users can now configure an HTTP proxy for each connected Wi-Fi access point. This lets administrators work with users to set a proxy hostname, port, and any bypass sub domains.

What is Android Tablet ?

Tablets are taking the computing world by storm. They are the latest trend that gives you internet capabilities, access to email, video chat and allows you to capture images and video while on the go. These multimedia devices are designed to be portable, with small dimensions and a lightweight design. They also give you control by navigating around the device using the touchscreen display or stylus pen.

Android Tablet
Ice Cream Sandwich is the new update from Google to Android mobile operating system and tablets. It has many new features, which make it more of a complete revamp than upgrade.
Android Tablet is very famous in modern world and people of all profession are using Tablets for different usages.

Android Tablet
Android Tablet is very famous in modern world and people of all profession are using Tablets for different usages. There is no mess of maintaining a keyboard etc, but it is fully integrated with touch screen functionality and it has LCD screen. It is helpful for everyone and its usage totally depend on person-to-person and their requirements.

Android Cloud to Device Messaging Framework (C2DM)

Android Cloud to Device Messaging (C2DM) is a service that helps developers send data from servers to their applications on Android devices. The service provides a simple, lightweight mechanism that servers can use to tell mobile applications to contact the server directly, to fetch updated application or user data.

Cloud to Device Messaging (C2DM)

Characteristics of Android Cloud to Device Messaging (C2DM)

It allows third-party application servers to send lightweight messages to their Android applications.
An application on an Android device doesnt need to be running to receive messages.

Characteristics of Android Cloud to Device Messaging (C2DM)

It does not provide any built-in user interface or other handling for message data. C2DM simply passes raw message data received straight to the application. It uses an existing connection for Google services. This requires users to set up their Google account on their mobile devices.

Architecture of Android Cloud to Device Messaging (C2DM)

Enabling C2DM
The first time the application needs to use the messaging service, it fires off a registration Intent to a C2DM server.

If the registration is successful, the C2DM server broadcasts a REGISTRATION Intent which gives the application a registration ID. The application should store this ID for later use.

Enabling C2DM
To complete the registration, the application sends the registration ID to the application server. The application server typically stores the registration ID in a database.

Enabling C2DM

The application must include the id package name is the unique identifier of our application on Android.

Enabling C2DM

Google's servers will generate a token, the registration id and return it to the application.

Enabling C2DM
.This token will allow us to send a message from the content. Once received, it must be sent to our application server to be stored.

Sending a Message
The application has a registration ID that allows it to receive messages for a particular device. The third-party application server has stored the registration ID. The application server sends a message to C2DM servers.

Sending a Message
Google enqueue and stores the message in case the device is inactive. When the device is online, Google sends the message to the device.

Receiving a Message

Receiving a Message
The system receives the incoming message and extracts the raw key/value pairs from the message payload. The system passes the key/value pairs to the targeted Android application in a com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE Intent as a set of extras. The Android application extracts the raw data from the RECEIVE Intent by key.

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