Automatic Fare Collection For Buses

Modules Of The Machine



  

Machine A :- The machine at the entrance gate of the bus. Machine B :- At the exit of the bus. Machine C :- Recharging Machine. Smart Card

EXPLANATION OF THE MODULES MACHINE A

 

Machine at the entrance. It is fitted with Radio Frequency based transmitter receiver which operates at 433Mhz frequency. This machine interacts with the users Smart Card and receives the user identity which is a 8-bit code

This machine is embedded with PIC 16F877A microcontroller of Microchip family.

MACHINE B


It is similar in design as Machine A but fitted at the exit end of the bus. This machine is also fitted with transmitter receiver which is used to take the final reading from the transducer.

MACHINE C


This machine is used for recharging the Smart Card. Similar in design with Machine A and Machine B

WORKING


 

User touches his Smart Card to the Machine A at the entrance of the bus. Identity of the users Smart Card is transmitted by the card and received by the Machine A. Identity and Balance is verified. Current reading of the Odometer is updated on the card and the user is provided access. At the terminating end user touches the Smart Card to the Machine B at the exit gate.

Now the current reading of odometer is updated in another variable. Difference between both the reading is calculated and according to the fixed rate charge is deducted from the balance of the user and updated in the card.

POWER SUPPLY

6 5 4 SW3 SW OCTAL J7 2 1 CON2 D2 1N4007

U5 LM7805/TO VIN D 1 C5 100UF,35V C6 0.1UF G VOUT 3

1 2 3

VCC

R17 1K

C8 100UF,16V

C7 0.1UF

D3 LED

GND

PROCESSING MODULE
J5 CON16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 2 R15 10K VCC SW2 GND 3 SW PUSHBUTTON R12 470E 3 1 GND J6 1 2 3 4 RB7 RB6 RB5 RB4 RB3 RB2 RB1 RB0 VDD2 VSS2 RD7 RD6 RD5 RD4 RD3 RD2 RD1 RD0 RC7 RC6 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 22 21 20 19 26 25 CON4 1 R11 1K 3 D1 LED U2 R14 470E 9 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 24 10 11 23 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 VCC C9 10UF,16V R2 1M 11 24 12 4 3 2 1 CON4 C11 0.1UF C10 0.1UF C12 10UF,16V DIN A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 OSC1 VDD VSS HT648L VCC GND D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 D15 D16 D17 VT OSC2 23 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 R3 1M 3 R16 1K 2 R13 1K 1 Q5 BC547 2 Q1 BC547

Q3 BC547 2 R9 1K

R1

1K

U1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 23 24 MCLR A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 E0 E1 E2 VDD1 VSS1 XTL1 XTL2 RC0 RC1 RC2 RC3 RC4 RC5

BC547 2 R4 1 1K VCC C4 10UF,16V Y1 CRYSTAL C3 0.1UF

Q6

16F877A

R5 1K 1 R6 LS1 BUZZER 470E J2 1 2 3 4 CON4

C2 15PF

C1 15PF GND

U3 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 9 12 A0 VCC A1 OSC1 A2 OSC2 A3 D0 D1 A4 D2 A5 D3 A6 D4 A7 D5 A8 D6 A9 TE D7 GND DOUT HT640

J3

GND

8-BIT ENCODER

8-BIT DECODER

TRANSMITTER RECEIVER MODULE

EXPLAINATION OF SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM



HT-640 8-Bit Encoder is connected to Port C of Micro Controller. HT-648L 8-Bit Decoder is connected to Port D of Micro Controller. Transmitter module is connected to A.0 through a transistor BC547. Output of Encoder (Serial Data) is connected to the Input data pin of transmitter. Buzzer is connected to A.1through a transistor BC547.

a) b) c) d)

Transmitted data is received by the receiver which is connected to controller at Port D through Decoder. LCD is connected at Port B of controller which is used to display information. Identity verification. Balance and odometer reading. Fare deducted. Distance traveled.

SPECIFICATIONS
   

INPUT VOLTAGE : +12 Volts OPERATING VOLTAGE : +5 Volts CLOCK FREQUENCY : 20 Mhz TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION FREQUENCY: 433 Mhz ENCODER-DECODER :8-Bit

LAYOUT

SOFTWARE USED
  

For circuit designing : Orcad 9.1 For programming : PIC C Compiler Assembler : Microchip Assembler